When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. The United Nations Organization (UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. Here however rises the problem of costs. Also tied with this is time. Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes.
More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. A common proverb says, "Give me a fish and I eat for a day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime.” If we follow this wise saying, it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves. For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites. Even a small country is able to help less developed nations. Sometimes what is taken for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems. It does not cost much to share such simple things. Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site. They can then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back from time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves. Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands.
Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills. It will not cost much to include deserving foreigners in these courses. Besides giving effective help to the countries concerned there is also the build-up of friendships to consider. Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies. However, in the long run what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge.
1.The second paragraph is developed mainly_____________.
A.by analysis. B.by process.
C.by example. D.by contrast.
2.Which aid is likely to fall into the wrong hands?
A.A medical team. B.Financial support.
C.A water plant. D.An exchange program.
3.What does the author try to express in the underlined sentence?
A.Providing food is vital. B.Leaning to fish is helpful.
C.Looking after others is important. D.Teaching techniques is vital.
4.What can we infer about international aid from the passage?
A.It is facing difficulties
B.It should be given in the form of materials.
C.It has gained support by developed countries
D.It is unnecessary during normal times.
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1.You can most probably read the passage in a
A.travel guide B.medicine booklet
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C.1801 Home remedies.
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假设你是李华，你的朋友Kevin给你发邮件说，他想从成都出发到西安旅行，想请你为他介绍一下西成高速铁路(Xi’an- Chengdu high- Speed Railway)的情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括:
1.西成高速铁路始建于2012年，2017年12月开通运营，全长658公里，时速高达250公里/小时；
2.途径绵阳等20多座城市，沿途无数美景、美食，全程大约只需3个半小时；
3.高铁列车设施齐全，安全舒适；但票价略高。
注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.首尾已写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Kevin,
Knowing that you plan to travel from Chengdu to Xi’an,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hope you have a wonderful trip.
Yours,
Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有5处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除:把多余的词用(\)划掉；
修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改5处，多者(从第6处起)不计分。
Cheer-leading began in all-men colleges in late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. As time passes, more and more colleges started cheer-leading and more women started doing it. It was not until the 1920s when pompoms began to play an important part in cheer-leading. At about the same time, cheerleaders began to include gymnastics in their routines. Found at most athletic events, and cheer-leading competitions are an important part of school and college life. Nowadays, many American are amused by cheer-leading.
“Nice to see you again!” “How are you doing today?” “Great to see you, have a nice day!”
I ______ my book and looked around in my seat, watching the driver ______ passengers. I’d never heard a more cheerful bus driver.
At each stop, the bus driver flashed a wide ______ , nodding his head at familiar faces and greeting people onto his lowly bus.
I was just watching the flow of the bus, and the bus driver’s air of pleasant calm, like nothing could go wrong. It ______ me a bit. Most bus drivers I’d met are not so cheery. They’re always swimming up against a long list of complaints, communicating with nameless busy riders, and constantly racing the clock so as not to run late though it’s never so easy to control. This bus driver completely ______ my sense of what it means to drive a bus. It almost brought me back to my pre-school days, when we’d sing, “The wheels on the bus go round and round,” to images of smiling bus drivers greeting their ______ and serving society with each shinning spin of their wheel or honk of their horn.
I completely put my books away, ______ there in awe. A thought ______ my head that I should tell the driver how much I appreciated seeing all the small, bold, courageous moments of his ______ I’d run into in this bus.
____ the bus approached my stop, I walked to the front of the bus.
“Thank you so much for your kindness to passengers. It’s really nice to see you,” I offered.
“Aw, that’s really glad to hear. Thank you so much! It’s nice to know that someone ______.” the bus driver said.
“Well, I really appreciate seeing it. It is ______ and makes my day,” I told him with a smile.
“Thank you!” he ______ with an ever-shining bright smile.
We talked a little more, and any wave of doubt completely ______.
Stepping ______ the bus a little lighter, I remembered a quote: “Feeling gratitude and not expressing it is like wrapping a present and not giving it.”
1.A. put away B. put down C. put up D. put out
2.A. assisting B. directing C. serving D. greeting
3.A. smile B. look C. mouth D. face
4.A. excited B. attracted C. confused D. cheered
5.A. changed B. developed C. affected D. deepened
6.A. conductors B. customers C. colleagues D. passengers
7.A. running B. sitting C. standing D. waiting
8.A. occurred B. came C. struck D. appeared
9.A. kindness B. patience C. generosity D. encouragement
10.A. Since B. As C. After D. Until
11.A. noticed B. knew C. understood D. needed
12.A. boring B. inspiring C. frustrating D. exciting
13.A. replied B. said C. told D. shouted
14.A. decreased B. formed C. arose D. faded
15.A. on B. off C. out D. down
When the winter comes, millions of Americans realize they don’t feel as happy as usual, and may be depressed If you’re one of them, you may be suffering from “seasonal affective disorder” or SAD, whose symptoms include exhaustion, difficulty concentrating, sleep problems, body aches and pains, and a loss of interest in activities you normally enjoy. 1.
Take extra Vitamin D.
Researchers at the University of Georgia analyzed more than 100 articles that examined the link between Vitamin D and depression. They found that a lack of Vitamin D appeared to be a major factor in the development of SAD. 2.
3.
Most researchers agree that the people who fall victim to SAD most often are particularly sensitive to the lack of light. Weather permitting, go for a walk. In your home or office, try sitting close to a window that faces south.
Increase exercise.
Although exercising may be about the last thing you want to do and would rather curl up with a book or watch a DVD, studies have shown that upping your exercise routine can counteract SAD. And experts advise exercising at least 20 minutes a day at least three times a week. 4. The benefits are also long lasting. The longer you do it, the more benefit you’ll get.
Eat more fish.
5. Studies have found that people who have low levels of two chemicals found in fish, EPA and DHA, are at increased risk for depression. Either eat more fish—at least three times a week—or take fish oil capsules to combat SAD.
Although dark winter days got you down, don’t worry because nature is always waiting to help. Just enjoy the winter days and benefit from the nature!
A.Take medicine.
B.Get more light.
C.If the weather permits, take a walk.
D.Any type of exercise offers benefits.
E.Fatty fish contain omega-3 fatty acids.
F.To fight SAD, here are some easy, natural ways.
G.So the vitamin D Council recommends at least 2, 000 IU daily.
