| 1. 难度：简单 | |
|
Los Angeles is always a popular holiday destination. To fully enjoy your travel there, you should know its food, weather, and also traffic. While driving in L. A. is similar to that in other areas, there are a few specific rules to note. HOV lanes (车道) On many L. A. freeways, one or more lanes at the far left are used as high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes. They usually have limited access and you can only enter or exit where there is a break in the double yellow line. Most HOV lanes require a minimum of two people in the car; some require three. Vehicles towing trailers (拖车) are NOT allowed in the HOV lane, regardless of how many people are in them. Toll (收费) lanes On certain freeways, the HOV lanes are double-purposed as toll lanes for people driving alone who have a FasTrak, an electronic toll collection system. Therefore, you also have to have one in that lane as a HOV, which is inconvenient if you’re just visiting. FasTrak is in effect on parts of the 110 freeway between the 405 and 10 freeways, and on parts of the 10 freeway east of Downtown L. A. Cell phones It is against the law to talk on a cell phone while driving without using a hands-free device. Holding a cell phone to your ear while driving will land you with a ticket. Alcohol Driving under the influence is taken seriously in L.A. The legal blood alcohol limit is 0.08%, but you can be charged with lower levels if they show you can’t function normally. Placing an opened bottle of alcohol in the passenger area while driving (or sitting) is illegal. Any opened container of alcohol has to be transported in the trunk. 1.What do you know about HOV lanes? A.They encourage people to share cars. B.They are on the far right of freeways. C.They are intended for larger vehicles. D.They allow cars to enter over the double yellow line. 2.Which is surely against the road rules in L. A.? A.Driving on the 110 freeway with a FasTrak. B.Putting the cell phone in the car while driving. C.Riding with an opened bottle of alcohol in back seats. D.Going below the blood alcohol limit of 0. 08%. 3.Where is the text most probably taken from? A.A traffic law. B.A road map. C.A guidebook. D.A report.
|
|
| 2. 难度：中等 | |
|
When you hear the word “birthmark”, you probably think of one of those black or brown spots that you have on your body. For me, it’s different―I have them on my lips and inside my mouth. I’m used to being asked, “What are those black marks on your lips?” When I tell people they’re birthmarks, they usually say, “That’s strange.” I used to consider them ugly. However, my mom calls them beauty marks. In pictures, I used to hide my birthmarks by pursing (噘起) my lips so I wouldn’t ave to deal with people’ s questions, As I was growing up, people wore me out with them. Some people would ask me the same questions even before knowing my name. In society I feel like we judge people by their looks before their personality. My birthmarks are caused by a genetic condition from my mom’s side of the family, My mom’s mom has birthmarks on her lips, and my mom’s uncle and my uncle have some on their bodies. Every year I plan to have procedure to remove them. But when imagining the process, I always get nervous and give up. My cousin faces a similar challenge. She has a huge birthmark that takes up her whole arm. She’s never tried to hide it or change her appearance. Once, her grandmother told her that the birthmark looked extremely prominent and suggested that she should wear long sleeves more often. If my cousin had actually taken that suggestion, she wouldn’t be such a person as she is. Inspired by my cousin, I am finally accepting who I am and now I don’t hesitate when someone asks me about them either. I say, “They’re beauty marks” and smile without pursing my lips. 1.How did the author feel when asked about the birthmarks? A.She felt excited to show her difference. B.She felt annoyed to give others an answer. C.She was scared to be made fun of by people. D.She was bored to be faced with the question. 2.Who has the similar birthmarks like the author? A.Her mother. B.Her grandmother. C.Her cousin. D.Her uncle. 3.What can be inferred about the author’s cousin? A.She dislikes talking about her birthmark. B.She never judges others by their looks. C.She is more confident than the author. D.She has taken her grandma’s suggestion. 4.What does the underlined word “prominent” in paragraph 4 mean? A.Brilliant. B.Symbolic. C.Harmful. D.Impressive.
|
|
| 3. 难度：中等 | |
|
If a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen(氮) dissolved(溶解) in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles (气泡)accumulate in a joint, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name. If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.
Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression(减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales, for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs. That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil (化石)bones that have caved in on them selves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends. Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world’s natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen(标本) showed evidence of that sort of injury. If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so quickly—and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened. He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change. Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (捕食动物) such as a large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark- and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey(猎物) as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result. 1.Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends? A.A twisted body. B.A gradual decrease in blood supply. C.A sudden release of nitrogen in blood. D.A drop in blood pressure. 2.The purpose of Rothschild’s study is to see________ . A.how often ichthyosaurs caught the bends B.how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompression C.why ichthyosaurs bent their bodies D.when ichthyosaurs broke their bones 3.Rothschild’s finding stated in Paragraph 4________ .. A.confirmed his assumption B.speeded up his research process C.disagreed with his assumption D.changed his research objectives 4.Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs ________ . A.failed to evolve an anti decompression means B.gradually developed measures against the bends C.died out because of large sharks and crocodiles D.evolved an anti decompression means but soon lost it
|
|
| 4. 难度：中等 | |
|
For many Daylight Saving Time (DST:夏令时) simply means remembering to change the clocks and twisting your sleep schedule. “Even though the time change is only an hour, it is something that causes much more destruction than people believe,” said Dr. John Sharp, a psychologist and psychiatrist at Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston. “It’s not just an extra hour of sleep; it’s more of a fast-forward into winter.” With days getting darker earlier, Sharp suggests making a to-do list for activities after work ahead of time. “Any plans you have, say, going to the gym after work, require much more effort and determination. It’s much better to plan more carefully and not just rely on how you feel, especially when it is dark out,” he said. “Figure it out in advance and stick with the plan.” In addition. Sharp says in the weeks after Daylight Saving, some may feel like they have a bigger appetite. “Eating more during this time is not the answer. People need to stay on an eating schedule and keep up healthy habits. ” However, Sharp said there are ways to better acclimate yourself to the time change. If you are having trouble sleeping, he suggests taking some melatonin (退黑激素) in the evening. In contrast, if you find yourself feeling sleepy. Sharp said there is nothing wrong with adding an extra caffeinated drink during your day. A word to the wise? One sure way to better adjust to the time change is to start going to bed 15 minutes earlier starting four days before Daylight Saving, adding an additional 15 minutes each night. 1.Which is probably the best title for the passage? A.Are you prepared for DST? B.Why DST was introduced? C.What DST has brought to life? D.How DST has been popular? 2.What does John Sharp suggest in Paragraph 2? A.Getting up earlier than before. B.Sticking to the daily routine. C.Being aware of quality sleep. D.Getting well-prepared for DST. 3.The underlined word “acclimate” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by______. A.adopt B.accelerate C.adapt D.acknowledge 4.The passage is probably taken from______. A.a scientific report B.an interview C.a speech D.a statement
|
|
| 5. 难度：困难 | |
|
Much meaning can be conveyed clearly with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak. Do you have such kind of experience? 1., but not too long. And if he is sensing that he is being stared at, he may feel uncomfortable. 2.. If you are looked at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down to see if there is anything wrong with you. If nothing goes wrong, you will feel angry toward other's stare with you that way. Eyes do speak, right? 3.. But things are different when it comes to staring at the opposite sex. If a man glances at a woman for more than 10 seconds, his intentions are obvious, that is, he wishes to attract her attention to make her understand that he is admiring her. In fact, continuous eye contact occurs between lovers only, who will enjoy looking at each other tenderly for a long time to show affection that words cannot express. However, the normal eye contact for two people engaged in conversation is that the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener is attentive. 4., as if he tries to control you, you will feel uncomfortable. A poor liar usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim, since he believes in the false idea that to look straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication. 5.. Evidently, eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the specific situation. A. Quite the contrary B. The same is in daily life C. In a bus you may look at a stranger D. Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude E. This shows the listener is interested in your speech F. If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking G. Sometimes it doesn't matter to look at someone too long
|
|
| 6. 难度：困难 | |
|
A meadow in bloom （鲜花盛开的草甸）cannot be more appealing for British. The swinging wild flowers at their peak show essence（精髓）of the season and are perfect for ______ with your video camera. But that is a thing of the ______. Motorways, new towns, factories―Britain has ______ much damage to its natural scenery, and every year more land of the countryside is ______ to tall buildings. While no wildlife habitat has escaped the ______ of the developer’s bulldozer （推土机）, none has ______ a greater impact than the meadow. Around 93% of Britain’s meadows have ______ in the past 70 years. The blooming meadow was a much-loved ______ of the English countryside poetry for generations, as ______ to the summer as white snow to the winter. Nowadays, scenes of a farmer’s field ______ of colorful wild flowers are more ______ to be seen on greeting cards than on country roads in July. Although expansion of cities has ______ England’s green land, the primary cause for the loss was the post-war trend of frequent ______ practice. These wildflower-rich habitats began to decrease during wartime when traditionally managed grassland was ______ to serve as farmland. The sowing of highly productive crops, such as potatoes, ______ the practice after the war. More of the grassland was,______, gone forever. In terms of biodiversity, the ______ of the habitat cannot be overstated: a common old meadow can ______ around 130 different plant species. Many of them are ______, since they flower for just a few days in midsummer. An uncut meadow is also a ______ for many of Britain’s threatened birds to keep away from enemies. 1.A.recording B.exploring C.examining D.decorating 2.A.future B.dream C.war D.past 3.A.fought B.ignored C.witnessed D.described 4.A.compared B.connected C.lost D.left 5.A.progress B.spread C.pollution D.invention 6.A.avoided B.resisted C.had D.suffered 7.A.survived B.disappeared C.recovered D.improved 8.A.title B.style C.image D.idea 9.A.symbolic B.conventional C.special D.evident 10.A.full B.short C.worthy D.fond 11.A.impossible B.likely C.popular D.precious 12.A.put into B.eaten into C.set down D.laid down 13.A.commercial B.industrial C.agricultural D.environmental 14.A.considered B.designed C.allowed D.transformed 15.A.finished B.simplified C.deepened D.modernized 16.A.otherwise B.however C.meanwhile D.therefore 17.A.significance B.balance C.convenience D.difference 18.A.accept B.prepare C.guarantee D.support 19.A.typical B.rare C.regular D.fresh 20.A.shelter B.necessity C.concern D.source
|
|
| 7. 难度：中等 | |
|
China’s first overpass for wildlife migration has already come into use. The bridge 1.(lie) over the newly constructed National Highway 214 is able to link animal habitats separated by the road. 2.(cover) with sand―much like the surrounding land, the overpass can fit in with the environment well. It’s about two years since the national highway 3. (begin) and it is designed with environmental protection as a top priority. A project environmental engineer for the highway said they based the construction of these man-made corridors（通道）4. years of observation of wildlife migration in the region. The bridge, for example, is built according to the region’s natural conditions and with 5. purpose of reducing the highway’s effect on the animals significantly. Wildlife overpasses and underpasses assist animals 6. (safe) crossing over or under busy roadways and allow them to continue to use their customary paths, 7. would otherwise be blocked. Those passageways, with a total 8. (long) of 59 kilometers, enable antelopes and other animals to cross the railway freely. So far, China has put great effort into achieving 9. (harmony) coexistence between human development and the protection of wildlife. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the world’s 10. (high) railroad, has 33 underpasses for migrating animals.
|
|
| 8. 难度：简单 | |
|
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改． 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出改加的词． 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉． 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词． 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不算分． It was on a warm autumn day that my father and I walk into my new high school. After registered in the classroom, the volunteer took me to my dormitory. Altogether I had five roommates, two of which arrived later. I got to know my new roommate immediately. Although I was quite unwilling to say “Goodbye” to my father, but he had to leave to my hometown in the evening. I suddenly realized I had grown up and that I had to look after me and live independently. Not until then I know my senior high school life had real begun.
|
|
| 9. 难度：中等 | |
|
假定你是李华，正在加拿大参加短期访问交流活动。你偶然在一本近期的杂志里看到一篇介绍中国端午节的文章，但文章里没有注明日期是中国农历，且文中所配图片是赛艇而不是龙舟。请你给编辑部写一封信，指出其中的错误并要求更正。 内容包括： 1. 指出错误，给出正确信息； 2. 要求更正； 3. 赞赏对方介绍中国文化。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 参考词汇：中国农历 the Chinese Lunar Calendar 赛艇 rowing boat 龙舟 dragon boat __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
|
|
