| 1. 难度：简单 | |
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The London Underground (The Tube) The main source of public transport in London revolves around the Underground (or the Tube as it is known to Londoners). This network of 12 lines can get you to most places in the center of the city quickly. It’s almost necessary to get an Oyster Card or a Travelcard. Single tickets are priced starting at the intentionally absurd price of £4.80 (Zone1-3), if you pay cash. Using an Oyster Card, a single fare is £2.30 if you are traveling within the central Zone 1. On hot days it is also advisable to take a bottle of water with you as Underground trains are not air-conditioned. Last trains leave central London at around 00:30 weekdays, 23:30 Sundays. First trains leave the suburbs at around 5:00. The Bus System Outside the center of London, Tube Stations are farther apart, so buses help fill the gaps. Also, the bus offers a cheaper alternative, even if it is a slower journey. Cash fares for London buses have been abolished — you cannot pay cash. A bus fare costs £1.50 if people only use buses, and the fare is capped at £4.40 per day for Oyster or contactless card users. Light Rail and Trains You can think of the Docklands Light Railway (DLR) and the Tramlink as extensions of the Underground, Travelcards purchased at Tube Stations in East London. The DLR connects with a number of the other train services (including connections at Tower Hill or Bank Stations) and can be used to reach Greenwich, Canary Wharf, and Stratford. River Services There are a number of different routes along the River Thames. The faster commuter services operate all day from Greenwich Pier to Embankment and from Putney and Chelsea harbour to Blackfriars during Peak Hours only. These routes will pass a number of places of interest including the Houses of Parliament and London Bridge. A return fare from Putney to Blackfriars will cost about 12 pounds. National Rail Once you leave Central London or if you are traveling South of the River Thames, the best public transport option will often be National Rail. There are numerous connections to the Rail System from the Tube. Travelcards can be used for travel on the National Rail (but not the Heathrow Express). Oyster cards can be used up to Zone 6 except certain services including Heathrow Express, Heathrow Connect and HS1. 1.When taking the London Underground, you _______. A.should buy tickets with cash B.can go to any place in London quickly C.can save more money with a single ticket D.are advised to take a bottle of water along on hot days 2.If you use river services along the River Thames, you will pass _______. A.London Bridge B.Stratford C.Canary Wharf D.Tower Hill 3.To travel South of the River Thames, it is recommended that you use _______. A.the London Underground B.the Bus System C.the DLR and the Tramlink D.National Rail
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| 2. 难度：中等 | |
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Nowadays, many parents are so busy that they seldom have family meals with their children. But this is wrong. A Harvard study found that families that eat together are twice as likely to eat their five servings of fruits and vegetables a day as families who don't eat together. Families also eat less fried food when they eat together. Finally, children who regularly eat with family have diets higher in fiber, calcium, iron, and vitamins B6, B12, C and E. During family meals, parents can set a good example of healthy eating that children may follow. They also display polite table manners. Family meals teach children important skills. When a family eats together, kids can learn about nutrition and healthy eating. In many studies of schoolaged children, those who eat family meals have a higher level of nutrition knowledge. When a family eats together, kids learn about food safety, like hand washing before eating. Children who have company at meals are slimmer than those who eat alone. That's because they eat less, eat more slowly, and talk more. This is a good way to deter obesity in children. Family meals can help children build vocabulary. Studies showed kids who ate with their families performed better at school and had a broader vocabulary. Family meals offer an opportunity for conversations where kids learn vocabulary—building words to help them read and communicate better. Children gain a better sense of belonging within the family when they eat together with their parents at home. Family meals offer a time for a family to come together as a group and develop a feeling of belonging. That sense of belonging leads to better selfesteem. In conclusion, family meals are very important. 1.The writer wants to tell us that . A.eating together with family is a good chance to teach children B.it's more advantageous for children to eat with their families C.it's desirable for children to eat more regularly D.enjoying family meals is equal to eating a big and delicious dinner 2.Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.Having a company meal is easy to become fatter and fatter. B.In the mealtime, parents should set a good example of healthy eating. C.Family meals can help children with a higher level of nutrition knowledge. D.Family meals can make children form the good habit of eating. 3.What does the underlined word “deter” in Paragraph 6 mean? A.Find. B.Replace. C.Prevent D.Improve. 4.What is the passage mainly about? A.Why family is important to kids. B.How to eat in a healthy way. C.How to raise children well. D.Why family meals are important.
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| 3. 难度：中等 | |
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A storm hit Houston, Texas, on Tuesday. It brought heavy rains and rising flood-waters. By Tuesday night, some parts of the city had received 10 inches of rain. Police and firefighters helped people move to safe places. They also saved people from cars and buses that were stuck on roads. Certain areas around Houston were hit really hard. In just four hours, more than seven inches of rain fell in Sugar Land in the southwest of Houston. Cars could not pass through any of the areas main roadways. On Twitter, Sugar Land city officials asked people to get to high ground. Tuesday’s rain hit parts of Texas that Hurricane Harvey had already damaged almost two years ago. Hurricane Harvey in August, 2017 was the second most costly hurricane in US history. It caused $125 billion worth of damage in Texas. In the Houston area, 36 people died and about 150, 000 homes were flooded. A spokesman for the Harris County Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Management spoke with the Houston Chronicle. The spokesman said that this week’s rain is “not in any way a Harvey-level event.” But the worst may not be over yet. People will have a break from the heavy rain on Wednesday. According to the National Weather Service, the Texas Gulf Coast will continue to experience heavy rain later in the week. "Today should be our quietest over the next few days for rainfall,” said Don Oettinger, a National Weather Service meteorologist (气象学家). Houston Fire Chief Samuel Peia warned, “As there is too much water on the ground, these are perfect conditions for flash floods, so we hope people are careful of what they’re doing and encourage them to stay home. There’s no sense in putting yourself, firefighters or anybody in danger needlessly.” 1.What are Paragraphs 1 and 2 mainly about? A.Flood damage in Houston. B.Flood prevention in Houston. C.Heavy floods hitting Houston. D.People fighting floods in Houston. 2.What do we know about Hurricane Harvey? A.It caused no deaths or injuries. B.It did a lot of damage to Texas. C.It was less serious than this week’s rain. D.It was the biggest hurricane on record. 3.What can we learn from the weather report of the National Weather Service? A.Fine days are coming. B.It will rain a little non-stop. C.A hurricane is unavoidable. D.Floods will continue. 4.What did Samuel suggest local people do? A.Stay indoors. B.Join firefighters. C.Give up needless things. D.Comfort those who lost homes.
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| 4. 难度：困难 | |
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Most of the new diseases we humans have faced in the past several decades have come from animals. The more we come into contact with wild animals, the more we risk a so-called disease “spillover” from animals to humans. “As people move and wildlife move in response to a changing environment, humans and wildlife and animals will come in contact more regularly,” said Jeanne Fair from the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico. Fair argues that by shifting animal habitats, climate change will also make the opportunities for disease spillover more frequent. “Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the environment changes through climate change,” Fair said. Scientists, including climatologists and epidemiologists on Fair’s team at Los Alamos, are beginning to model how changes to the climate will impact the spread of infectious diseases. It’s early days for this kind of research, but previous studies suggest that extreme weather has already played a role in at least one outbreak. Scientists say drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rainforests and into orchards（果园）in Malaysia to find food. Those bats, a common disease reservoir, then passed the Nipah virus through pigs to humans for the first time in the late 1990s. “We’re going by the past data to really predict what’s going to happen in the future,” Fair said, “And so, anytime you increase that wildlife-human interface, that’s sort of an emerging disease hot spot. And so, that’s just increasing as we go forward.” Jeffrey Shaman, head of the climate and health program at Columbia University’s public health school, argues we don’t yet know whether climate change will cause a net increase in infectious disease rates globally. For example, mosquitoes carry disease that affects millions of people across the world every year. As their habitats expand in some parts of the world, they might contract diseases elsewhere. Shaman says what we know for certain about climate change is that it will make it harder to predict where disease outbreaks will pop up. 1.How does climate change affect the spread of disease according to Fair? A.By breaking animals’ habits. B.By increasing animals’ varieties. C.By promoting animals’ breeding. D.By changing animals’ living environment. 2.What is the example of bats for in paragraph 3? A.Explaining the influence of Nipah virus. B.Proving the harm of bats to human beings. C.Showing the effects of climate change on disease. D.Presenting scientists’ early study about the cause of disease. 3.What can we infer from Fair’s words in paragraph 4? A.Humans should give up studying animals. B.Past data can solve the problems in the future. C.Disease hot spots will disappear if animals die out. D.Frequent contact with animals can cause disease outbreaks. 4.What could be the best title for the text? A.Climate Change and Disease Spillover B.Animals’ Interaction with Humans C.Scientists’ Prediction for Disease Outbreaks D.Early Studies about Extreme Weather
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| 5. 难度：中等 | |
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Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction. When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain that make us feel good. 1.In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors recommend we all cut down on. “It seems like every time I study an illness and trace a path to the first cause, I find my way back to sugar,” says scientist Richard Johnson. One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure, and up to 347 million have diabetes. Why? “ 2.“ says Johnson. Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more than enough. 3. So what is the solution? It’s obvious that we need to eat less sugar. 4.From breakfast cereals to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it. Some manufacturers even use sugar to replace taste in foods that are advertised as low in fat. But there are those who are fighting back against sugar. 5.Other schools are growing their own food in gardens, or building facilities like walking tracks so students and others in the community can exercise. The battle has not yet been lost. A.We take in more energy and fat. B.Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more. C.Our ancestors were used to poor food, clothing and shelter. D.So the very thing that once saved us, may now be killing us. E.Sugar, we believe, is one of the reasons, if not the major one. F.The trouble is, in today's world, it's extremely difficult to avoid. G.Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier options like fruit.
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| 6. 难度：中等 | |
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Ask people to name the world's tallest peak and anybody with sound general knowledge will name Mount Qomolangma. But quiz them on its exact __and many will be not sure. In 1975, Chinese surveyors __ that Mount Qomolangma （Mount Everest） was 8848. 13 meters high. As __ improved, satellites, photoelectricity, radars and gravity measurement technologies were __ to get more exact figures. Of course, someone still had to carry __ to what is the world's rooftop. In 2005, a Chinese team scaled Qomolangma and found that it was not as high as that, as they __ the height to be 8844. 43 meters. Scaling Qomolangma is no __ task. The average air temperature there is -29 degrees Celsius, even four degrees_____ than in Antarctica. The snow there is 4 —5 meters thick and hurricane-like __ blow all the time. Team members were training to __the extreme conditions. In a nutshell, measuring the Qomolangma's height is a tall order, __ huge amounts of money and human resources, But it is worth the_____. Qomolangma is the perfect __ for observing crustal （地壳的）movements. And changes to the peak's height could __ whether the two plates are heading toward or away from each other. Besides, the condition of snow and other natural materials at the top is an indicator of upcoming climate change on the Tibet-Qinghai Plateau. That's __ measuring the Qomolangma's height is so significant. Put to good use, it can benefit mankind. 1.A.location B.appearance C.area D.height 2.A.determined B.assumed C.estimated D.admitted 3.A.condition B.technology C.society D.economy 4.A.employed B.expected C.approached D.inspired 5.A.weapons B.vehicles C.instruments D.packages 6.A.changed B.calculated C.extended D.expanded 7.A.glorious B.easy C.admirable D.tough 8.A.colder B.hotter C.higher D.lower 9.A.snows B.rains C.winds D.snowflakes 10.A.cope with B.fight for C.take on D.carry out 11.A.wasting B.spending C.overcoming D.involving 12.A.effort B.loss C.harvest D.achievement 13.A.channel B.window C.solution D.entrance 14.A.measure B.foresee C.indicate D.expose 15.A.where B.how C.why D.whether
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| 7. 难度：中等 | |
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阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every day has the potential to be a good and, in some cases, a great day for you. Few of us get up in the morning,1.(think) that we want this to be a bad day. Yet in many cases the day turns that way because of a person or an event 2.we worry about. Think about those small3.(event) which can throw you off balance and affect your whole day 4.(negative). Who stole your day?5.(Be) it your boss, an odd driver on the way to work, or an impolite waiter at lunch that did? Every day numerous people or things can prevent us6.having a good day, if we let them. The key is that we should adopt7.positive attitude towards life. We cannot control8.happens to us in many cases, but we can control how we react to them. Lao-tzu, a Chinese 9.(philosophy), said, “He who conquers others is strong; he who conquers10.(he) is mighty.
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| 8. 难度：中等 | |
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假设你是李华，你收到英国笔友Tom发来的一封邮件，得知他最近转入了一所新学校，在新学校里他没有朋友感到很孤单。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 帮他分析原因；2. 给他提出建议（至少两条）；3. 美好祝愿。 注意：1. 词数不少于 80； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua
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| 9. 难度：中等 | |
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阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Jenny was the only child in her home. She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and she ran out of the house angrily. She couldn’t help crying sadly when she thought of the scolding (指责) from her mother. Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours, she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat, but it was not possible for her, since she had nothing with her. She stood beside a stand for a while, watching the middle-aged seller busy doing his business. However, with no money in hand, she had to leave。 The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and asked, "Hey, girl, you want to have the noodles? “oh, yes…,but I don't have money on me...” she replied. “That’s nothing. I'll treat you today,” said the man, “come in.” The seller brought her a bowl of noodles, whose smell was so attractive. As she was eating, Jenny cried silently. “What is it?” asked the man kindly. “Nothing, actually I was just touched by your kindness! ” said Jenny as she dried her tears， “ Even a stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodles, while my mother, drove me out of the house. She showed no care for me. She is so cruel compared to a stranger! ! ” Hearing the words, the seller smiled, “Girl, do you really think so? I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot. But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby. Can you number the times she cooked for you? Have you expressed your thanks to her?” Jenny sat there, speechless; she remembered mother’s familiar face and weathered hands. “Why did I not think of that? A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel thankful, but I have never thanked my mum for what she has done for me.” On the way home, Jenny made up her mind to make an apology (道歉) to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home. 注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150词左右； 2. 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1: Approaching (走近) the doorway, Jenny took a deep breath. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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