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【甲】于是入朝见威王,曰:“臣诚知不如徐公美。臣之妻私臣,臣之妾畏臣,臣之客欲有...

【甲】于是入朝见威王,曰:“臣诚知不如徐公美。臣之妻私臣,臣之妾畏臣,臣之客欲有求于臣,皆以美于徐公。今齐地方千里,百二十城,宫妇左右莫不私王,朝廷之臣莫不畏王,四境之内莫不有求于王,由此观之,王之蔽甚矣。”

王曰:“善。”乃下令:“群臣吏民能面刺寡人之过者,受上赏;上书谏寡人者,受中赏;能谤讥于市朝,闻寡人之耳者,受下赏。”令初下,群臣进谏,门庭若市;数月之后,时时而间进;期年之后,虽欲言,无可进者。燕、赵、韩、魏闻之,皆朝于齐。此所谓战胜于朝廷。

[注]且:将要。苏代;人名。惠王:指赵惠王。他将要攻打燕国。拑:通“钳”,夹住。禽:通“擒”,捉住。

1.解释下列句中划线的意思。(5分)

(1)臣之妻臣                  私:        

(2)群臣吏民能面寡人之过者    刺:        

(3)王之甚矣                  蔽:        

(4)今日不                    雨:        

(5)故愿王计之也              熟:        

2.翻译下列句子。(4分)

(1)此所谓战胜于朝廷。    

(2)两者不肯相舍,渔者得而并禽之。

3.文段理解。这两篇短文的共同点是设喻讽谏国君,甲文中的邹忌讽谏齐威王时,先以

         设喻,再拿齐威王的地位和自己作比较,最后得出“             ”的结论。乙文中的苏代讽谏赵惠王时,也用了比喻论证的方法,这个比喻后来演变成一个成语,即                        。两文中的国君都接受了臣子的规劝,一个“       ”字就是明证。(4分)

4.邹忌讽谏齐威王,苏代讽谏赵惠王的目的各是什么?(4分)

 

1.(1)偏爱(2)指出,指责(3)因受蒙蔽而不明(4)下雨(5)仔细 2.(1)这就是所谓在朝廷上战胜敌国。 (2)两只动物不肯互相放弃,一个渔夫就将它们一起捉住了。 3.自己(被妻妾客人蒙蔽);王之蔽甚矣;鹬蚌相争,渔翁得利;善 4.邹忌是为了让齐威王接受群臣吏民的劝谏;苏代为了让燕惠王停止讨伐赵国。 【解析】 1.此题考查学生对文言实词的理解能力,结合具体语境理解词义即可,有时还要注意词语的特殊用法。    2.本题考查学生翻译文言文的能力。要求具有落实重点词语的能力,不能遗漏,同时要与上下文连贯,有时还要补出省略的主语,同时要抓住其中的关键字,比如:谓、舍、并等字。 3.本题考查理解文章的能力。根据文章的主要内容回答此题即可。 4.本题考查理解文章的能力。根据文章的主要内容回答此题即可。
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对门送来绿豆糕

郭震海

“门铃响呢。”在厨房忙着做晚饭的媳妇喊着。

“嘿嘿,嘿嘿嘿……”老郭依然在跟着电视乐。

“你聋了,门铃响呢!”老郭媳妇提高了嗓门。老郭这才趿拉着拖鞋来到门口,他没有急着开门,先眯着一只眼通过“猫儿眼”观望,看到的是一张被放大变了形的脸。

“是谁啊?怎么不开呢?”老郭媳妇从厨房里出来。“不熟悉!”老郭说。

“什么眼神,这不是对门的老张媳妇吗!”老郭媳妇“瞄”了几眼伸手开了门。对门的老张媳妇站在门口,手里端着满满的一碗绿豆糕。

这是个新建的小区,住户搬进来不到一年,平时各干其事互不往来。老郭媳妇和老张媳妇搭上话时间不长,知道她是自己的对门邻里,来自乡下,在城里买的房子,除此以外也就只是几句寒暄。

“都在家啊,孩子他乡下爷爷送来几碗绿豆糕,送你家一碗尝尝鲜。”老张媳妇说。

“太客气了,你们自个儿留着吃吧!我们怎么能吃你家的绿豆糕呢!”老郭媳妇说。

“这有啥不能的,咱们是对门嘛。”老张媳妇说着硬往老郭媳妇手里塞。一个门里一个门外,两人推让了几下,老郭媳妇最终没有推过老张媳妇,将绿豆糕留下了。

关上门后,老郭说:“好端端的对门怎么送咱一碗绿豆糕呢?”“是啊!”老郭媳妇听了老郭的话后,一时间也犯起了嘀咕,好端端的对门怎么就送来一碗绿豆糕呢?她想着,拿起一块绿豆糕凑到鼻子边闻,一股麻油的浓香灌了她一鼻孔。

“我估摸着她送绿豆糕来一定有送绿豆糕的意思,好端端的怎么就送咱家一碗呢?”老郭说。

“啥意思呢?不会是知道你在教育局工作,想让你给他儿子转学校吧?”老郭媳妇说。

“说不准,要不就是想通过咱们找老爷子办什么事,可老爷子早从公路局退休了啊。会是什么呢?”老郭看看绿豆糕,仿佛答案就写在这香气扑鼻的绿豆糕上。

“那咋整,送回去?”“你这不是废话吗,都收下了怎么好意思送回去呢!”

“咋整?”老郭媳妇又拿起绿豆糕凑到鼻子边闻,一股麻油的浓香又灌了她一鼻孔。

第二天,老郭媳妇开门准备上班的时候,刚好对门的老张媳妇也开门往外走。

“早啊!”老张媳妇说。

“你也早啊!”老郭媳妇眼睛红红的好像没有睡好。

“昨晚的绿豆糕好吃吗?”

老张媳妇一句话问得老郭媳妇犯了一下愣。

老张媳妇接着笑笑说:“那绿豆糕是乡下的麻油炸的,孩子他爷爷每年都送来,十月初一在乡下家家户户都吃绿豆糕,是一种习惯。”

“是吗!”老郭媳妇支吾着,接着她回头问:“你家没啥事吧?有事你就说啊,别不好意思开口,咱们是对门嘛!”

“没有啥事啊,”老张媳妇说,“有事我们肯定会说的。”

“真没有?”老郭媳妇说着就盯着老张媳妇的眼睛。

“真没有啊!”老张媳妇被老郭媳妇看得很不自在。

“没有就好,没有就好……有事你就说,别不好意思开口。”老郭媳妇说着就走了。

老张媳妇望着老郭媳妇远去的背影,愣了。“有啥事呢?”老张媳妇独自嘀咕,因为她不明白。

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