Find out the different sound of the underlined letters.
A. fat B. back C. name
文段表达（15分）
根据中文和英文提示，写出一封意思连贯、符合逻辑、不少于50词的回信。信的开头和结尾已给出，其词数不计入所要完成的回信内。所给英文提示词语供选用。请不要写出你的真实姓名和校名。
假如你叫李平，最近和英国朋友John通过邮件谈论人生梦想的话题，他想了解你的梦想是什么，你为什么会有这样的梦想，你准备怎样实现你的梦想。请根据他的问题回复邮件。
提示词语： visit， know， understand， different， free， culture
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To John From Li Ping Subject My dream Hi! John， I’m glad to hear from you. ______________________ ________________________________________________ Yours， Li Ping |
Hating someone hurts one’s own health since it causes anger within， and this anger can harm one’s health if it builds too high. Health is wealth， and forgiveness (原谅) is the way to go. Forgiving someone will help to make you feel better and solve the problems about relationships. The following steps may help you：
Recognize the way. Many a time， we don’t know why we hate someone and continue to walk on a road that troubles one’s mental and physical health and happiness. We should be able to recognize the way first that you treat him / her when we come across a certain human being. Once we are able to recognize the way， we can then move on to the next step.
Find the cause. We should try to search within ourselves about what and how that person has hurt us， and why we hate them. Finding a cause helps us to bring closure within ourselves， and we can open up to discussion within ourselves， and even with the person whom we hate.
Face that person. Coming face-to-face with the person whom one hates is a challenge， but facing him / her will lead to peace of mind and a sound sleep at night. Brave up and face that person.
Start a conversation. Once in the presence of the person who is hated， start a conversation and communicate about what bothers you. Being frank about what and how that person’s behavior makes oneself angry will help both discuss problems， and will finally lead to clarification.
Say sorry to him/ her. Apologizing to the disliked person can do wonders for one’s physical and mental being， bringing happiness and satisfaction. Keeping one’s egos (自负) aside and expressing regret are the keys to forgiveness.
Once you forgive a person， be patient and kind to yourself. Express your pain and worries， and do not keep it bottled up. Thanks for the goodness of people around you， and imagine a new life with energy each day. This will help to shape each day free of pain.
1.What can help you to solve the problems about relationships?
2.What should we do first if we want to forgive a person we hate?
3.Why do we need to face the person we hate?
4.What are the keys to forgiveness according to the passage?
5.What is the passage mainly about?
When it comes to the benefit of volunteering， a lot of people think it’s all about the warm feeling after helping someone. 1._________. As is known， charity (慈善) work needs lots of people to do different kinds of work. It means that there are many surprising benefits for volunteers.
◆Teach you new skills.
From helping making websites to teaching foreigners your native language， or to making plans for charity， volunteering can really be almost anything. It means that when you get involved in charity work， a lot of time you will face challenges. 2.________.
◆Teach you what truly matters.
It’s a great way to find new perspectives (角度) on life. When you’ve been at it for a while， you just might view yourself in a different way. 3.________. One of my friends once wanted to be a doctor， but later he found his interest was in teaching.
◆4._________.
Maybe it’s not so surprising， but what might surprise you is how true these friends are. Some of my long-term friends are people I’ve met through volunteering. I’m not the kind of guy that makes friends just for connections， but sometimes it’s very convenient to have a wide network .
5._________. Not only as a person， but it helps you develop your skill set as well. So if you’ve ever considered volunteering， what are you waiting for?
A. But it’s not the only benefit
B. Help you make new friends
C. You might even take a new road in life
D. In a word， volunteering helps you grow
E. Through the challenges， you learn new skills
Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance (pocket money). The purpose is to let children learn from experiences at an age when financial (财务的) mistakes are not very costly.
How much money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish is quite different from family to family. Timing is another consideration. Some children get a weekly allowance. Others get a monthly allowance.
In any case， parents should make clear what， if anything， the child is expected to pay for with the money. At first， young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it. If they do this， they will learn the hard way that spending must be done within a budget (预算). Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until the next allowance. The object is to show young people that a budget requires a choice between spending and saving. Older children may be responsible enough to save money for larger costs， like clothing or electronics.
Many people who have written on the subject of allowances say it is not a good idea to pay your children for work around the home. These jobs are a normal part of family life. Paying children to do other work around the house， however， can be useful. It can even provide an understanding of how a business works.
Allowances give children a chance to experience the three things they do with money. They can share it in the form of gifts or giving a good cause. They can spend it by buying things they want. Or they can save it.
Saving helps children understand that costly goals sometimes need to give up something. You have to cut costs and plan for the future. Requiring children to save part of their allowances can also open the door to future saving and investing. Many banks offer services to help children and teenagers learn about personal finance. A saving account (账户) is an excellent way to learn about the power of compound interest (复利息).
Compounding works by paying interest. So， for example， one dollar invested at two percent interest for two years will get two percent of one dollar and two cents， and so on. That may not seem like a lot， but over time it adds up.
1. Parents give their children allowance in order to ______.
A. let them make more money
B. pay for the housework they do
C. let them learn the value of money
D. help children manage family finance
2.What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The time to give allowance.
B. The way to spend allowance.
C. How much allowance given to children.
D. Considerations taken to give allowances.
3.Why are parents advised to offer children allowances as planned?
A. To have children save money for larger costs.
B. To give them more allowances next time.
C. To help children learn to make a budget.
D. To let children make fewer mistakes.
4.What does the writer try to tell us?
A. The ways of limiting allowances.
B. The advice on a better family budget.
C. Offering allowance to children properly.
D. Teaching children to use allowances wisely.
Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn (打哈欠) and you start yawning too? Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? Well， obviously it’s because we have mirror neurons (神经元) in our brains.
Put simply， the presence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something， our brains model after it， whether or not we actually perform the same action. This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile， talk， walk， dance or play sports. But the idea goes further： mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions，they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.
Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains，but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages，and to understand how other people feel. Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example： “The hand took hold of the ball”)， the same mirror neurons were triggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example， actually taking hold of a ball).
Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning (行使职责). However， it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.
Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information about how humans behave， communicate and spend time together. Indeed， it may turn out to be nearly the same important thing for neuroscience as what Einstein’s theory of relativity (相对论) was for physics. And the next time you have the strong feeling to cough in the cinema when someone else does – well， perhaps you’ll understand why.
1. Mirror neurons can explain ______.
A. why we cry when we are hurt
B. why we cough when we catch a cold
C. why we smile when we see someone else smile
D. why we yawn when we see someone else get up late
2.The word “triggered” in Paragraph 3 probably means “______”.
A. set off B. cut off
C. broken out D. found out
3.We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons _______.
A. relate to human behavior and communication
B. decide our knowledge and language abilities
C. result in bad behavior and social disorders
D. control human actions and appearances
4.What is the passage mainly about?
A. Ways to find mirror neurons.
B. Problems of mirror neurons.
C. Discovery of mirror neurons.
D. Functions of mirror neurons.
