Trees should be pruned(修剪)when it is necessary. A good gardener will cut away the overgrown and unwanted branches(树枝). They can make the trees more beautiful and healthier. But sometimes we’d better leave the trees to grow in their own way. Because the inexperienced gardeners will damage(毁坏) the trees.
First， pruning may be done to make sure that trees in good shape or size. Maybe people want to get a tree of the right height and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches. Then people can make the tree’s appearance thick or give it a special shape.
Secondly， pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut out diseased or dead branches. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up (封闭)the center and so stopping the free movement of air.
One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy chance for disease， but the wound will heal(愈合). Often there is a race between the healing and the disease as to whether the tree will live or die， so that there is a period when the tree is in danger. Every gardener should try to reduce that danger of death as soon as possible. It is important to make the area， which has been pruned， smooth and clean， because healing will be slowed down by roughness(粗糙). You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hours and then pain it with one of the special materials. Pruning is usually done in winter， because you can see the shape of the tree clearly and also it is very unlikely(未必的) that the cuts you make will bleed. If this happens， it is impossible to paint them properly.
Pruning trees | |
A good gardener prunes a tree when it is 1. | |
2. for pruning trees | First， make the trees in 3. shape or size. |
Second， make the trees 4. | |
One 5. of pruning trees | An open wound is 6. on the tree and this 7. an easy chance to disease. |
Reduce the danger of the tree’s 8. | Make the wound 9. and clean. |
The danger of the death of a tree | Paint the wound 10. it dries. |
Why is Denmark(丹麦) the “kingdom of fairy tales”? Because it was the home of famous writer Hans Christian Andersen. But there might be other reasons， says a new study.
Denmark is the happiest country in the world， according to the 2013 World Happiness Report by the United Nations (UN). The report ranks（排列）156 countries and regions (地区). All the top five happiest countries are from Europe， and three of them are from Scandinavia.
What makes people there happy? The UN considered several reasons.
Money is one. We are happy if we have money to cover our necessities. But extra (额外的) money cannot bring us more happiness. People in Northern Europe know this. From cars to mobile phones， from clothes to buildings， their designs are quite simple. Luxury (奢华) is not there.
Another reason is health. Nordic (北欧的) people have a healthy diet. They love fresh food. “There is not a big fast-food culture and no ready meals. We sit down with our families to eat our meals，” said Trina Hahnemann， a Danish cook.
A harmonious (和谐的) social life also makes us happy， according to the UN report. How about Nordic people? They live in harmony not only with people around， but also with nature. Night life is not popular in Scandinavia. People go home after work for some quality（高品质的） time with family members. Many families have a backyard. Father and child spend hours there each week， planting flowers and building swings.
Do you want to be happy? Think about the Nordic lifestyle， and happiness is in your own hands.
回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过7个词。
1.Where does Hans Christian Andersen come from?
2.How many countries of the top five happiest countries are from Scandinavia?
3.Do Nordic people love fresh food or ready meals?
4.What do father and child spend hours doing in their yard each week?
5.What can make people there happy according to the passage?
根据句意，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.A large number of people ____________ (reply) to what the cruel murderer did since the news was covered on TV.
2.My brother fell while he ____________ (ride) his bicycle and hurt himself.
3.Thirty-eight people were killed after a big fire ____________ (break) out in a rest home in Henan Province on 25 May.
4.He is even __________(careful) than last time. So he makes fewer mistakes.
5.Dear Peter， you have grown up， and you can decide your future____________ (you)
根据句意及汉语提示，写出各单词的正确形式，每空一词。
1.China will celebrate the seventieth anniversary（周年） of the ___________(胜利) of the Great Patriotic War（反法西斯战争）this year.
2.The boy often helps his mother to ___________ （分开） the good apples from the bad ones.
3.The doctor advised me to get up and sleep at a ____________ (固定的) time， but I found it very hard.
4. He kept remembering English words every day though he was in his _________ (四十).
5.The heavy smog makes it more difficult for us to see traffic signs _________(清楚地).
Cats’ sense of smell is very important to their health. Many cat owners have seen a cat smell the food and refuses it. Careful sniffing( 嗅) tells the cat if something is safe to eat.
Cats have a pair of vomeronasal organs(犁鼻器) on the roof of the mouth. When the cat wants to sniff， she will breathe the air in through her mouth. At this moment， she will often squint(斜视) her eyes and maybe even flatten(使…平坦) her ears. This makes her look like she is making faces. The vomeronasal organs will then analyze(分析)the smell---almost as if the cat is tasting the smell.
When you come home from outside the house， your cat can smell what you had for lunch and for a mid-afternoon snack. She can smell the people you shook hands with and your neighbour you stopped to talk to and hug. She can smell the grass brought under your shoes as you took a shortcut across the lawn. Your cat’s sense of smell is so good that she can smell difference between a gallon of water with a teaspoon of salt in it and plain water. In comparison， we think of salt as completely tasteless.
Cats have scent glands(臭腺) on each side of the forehead， on the chin， the lips and next to the tail. When your cat rubs up against your hand， your leg， the sofa， and your bed， she is leaving her scent in those things. She will then use her sense of smell to recognize “her” things， people and even other pets in the home.
If you want to have fun with your cat’s sense of smell， take some small bits of different things， such as a bit of chicken， some flowers and some fish. Place each different scent under a piece of paper towel(so your cat cannot see any of them) and encourage your cat to investigate and find what kind of food she likes to eat best.
1.Cats know whether the food is fit to eat or not with their____________.
A. sense of touch B. scent glands
C. organs of smell D. sense of taste
2.The third paragraph was written mainly to prove that _____________.
A. cats are very smart
B. cats have a good sense as dogs
C. salty water has a special smell
D. cats’ sense of smell is excellent
3.What does your cat do when it rubs against your foot?
A. She puts her scent on it.
B. She shows respect to you.
C. She asks you to play with her.
D. She smells where you were just now.
4.What does the word “investigate” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Smell. B. See. C. Look. D. Send.
5.The passage mainly tells us _________________.
A. cats are one of our best friends
B. cats have sharp sense of smell
C. sense of smell is very important
D. cats know if something is safe to eat
I remembered Julie coming to the front of the classroom after class one autumn day in September 1976. While most of the other students hurriedly left to enjoy the pleasant weather or to relax at the student union， Julie remained to ask me questions about the next week’s exam. She had clearly already done some serious studying.
Julie never made it to the exam. The day after our conversation， she was hit by a large truck as she rode a bike through a crossroads. I was sad to hear that Julie lay unconscious (昏迷的) in a hospital across town from our university.
Nurses silently came and went from Julie’s room. Her parents stood nearby quietly. Then the doctor entered the room and said to Julie’s parents and two brothers， “Your Julie has only a few hours to live.” He continued to ask， “Would you think about donating some of Julie’s organs (器官)?”
At the same time in a neighboring city， a woman called Mary was trying to see better in her small living room. Her eyes followed every movement of her lively two-year-old baby. This mother was storing up memories when she could no longer see her child. Several cities away， a young father called John was reading to his two sons in the hospital. However， he was told to have only weeks to live. His only hope was a kidney transplant (肾脏移植).
The two parents looked at each other， the doctor could see tears in their eyes. “Yes. Julie had once said she wanted to donate her organs in the event of her death. Julie always gave to others while she was alive. She would like to give in death.”
Within twenty-four hours， Mary was told that she would receive one of Julie’s eyes， and John was told to start preparing for a kidney transplant. Julie’s other organs would give life to other waiting patients.
“Julie died right after her twentieth birthday. Nothing could possibly be as heartbreaking as the death of your child，” says Julie’s mother. She continues， “But Julie’s life was a gift to us. Knowing that in her death， she gave the gift of life and sight to others is comforting to us. ”
1.Which word can best describe Julie according to Paragraph 1?
A. Hard-working. B. Helpful.
C. Clever. D. Selfish.
2.According to the passage， we know that Julie ______.
A. was a classmate of the writer’s
B. was the only child of her family
C. didn’t take the exam because of the accident
D. died at once at the scene of the accident
3. The underlined word “comforting ” in the last paragraph means “______”.
A. 令人欣慰的 B. 有害的 C. 有益的 D. 明智的
4.What can we learn from the passage?
A. Julie’s parents didn’t allow her to donate her organs.
B. Mary needed a kidney transplant to save her own life.
C. Julie prepared for the exam carefully before the accident.
D. John and Mary were patients in the same hospitals with Julie.
5.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. A girl’s whole life.
B. A family’s sad story.
C. The terrible truck accident.
D. The last gift in life.
