Question

Are you happy most of the time? Or do you easily get angry sometimes? Everyone has a different temperament(脾气). It is usually believed that both genes(基因) and environment may affect people’s temperaments in different ways. Scientists have found that the season of the birth also plays a role.

Scientists from Budapest, Hungary, studied 400 university students. In the study, the students need to finish a questionnaire(问卷). The purpose of it was to find out which of four kinds of temperaments they most had. From the questionnaire, scientists found that the students always answered something like ＂My mood often changes for no reason.＂and ＂I love to deal with new projects, even if it is risky.＂These answers were then matched with their birthdays.

They discovered that people born in summer easily change between sad and happy moods compared to people born in winter. Those who always feel positive are mostly born in spring and summer.

The study also found that those born in autumn less probably had a mood of depression which may easily drive them to cry, while those in winter were not easier to be angry.

Scientists said that this was probably because the seasons had an influence on certain chemicals in the human body. And the chemicals are important to control people’s moods even in adult life.

＂It seems that when you are born may increase or decrease your chance of developing certain mood disorders(紊乱) ,＂ lead scientist Xenia Gonda told the Telegraph.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

1. What probably can’t affect people’s temperaments according to Paragraph 1?

A. Genes.    B. Ages.     C. Seasons.    D. Environment.

2.What does the underlined word ＂depression＂ most probably mean?

A. Sadness.     B. Happiness.

C. Surprise.    D. Excitement.

3.Which of the following sentences is NOT true from the passage?

A. People born in summer change their moods more easily.

B. The season of birth has an influence on human’s moods.

C. There were 400 middle school students taking part in the study.

D. The answers to the questionnaire were matched with their birthdays.

4.In the following paragraph, the writer will most probably deal with ___________.

A. How many kinds of moods there are 

B. What can we change the human body most

C. How the certain chemicals affect the moods

D. Whether the students will continue their study

5.What’s the best title of this passage?

A. Seasons and Moods 

B. The influence of Genes

C. Moods and Health

D. The Importance of Birthplaces

Answer

1.B

2.A

3.C

4.C

5.A

【解析】

试题分析：这篇短文主要通过实验讲述人的脾气不但受人的基因和环境影响，而且人出生的季节也起作用。研究表明，夏天出生的人比冬天出生的人情绪易变。研究还发现，秋天出生的人极少有可能出现消极情绪，而冬天出生的人不容易生气。这也许是人体内化学变化起作用的结果。

1.B细节理解题。根据短文第一段“It is usually be1ieved that both genes (基因) and environment may affect people's temperaments in different ways. But now scientists have found that the season of birth also plays a role.”的描述可知，年龄不可能影响人的脾气。故应选B。

2.A词义猜测题。根据下文“which may easily drive them to cry,”的描述可知，这里指的是秋天出生的人极少有可能出现消极情绪。结合选项可知应选A。

3.C细节理解题。根据短文“people born in summer easily change between sad and happy moods compared to people born in winter.”、“ scientists have found that the season of birth also plays a role”、“ These answers were then matched with their birthdays.”的描述可知，A、B、D选项的叙述是正确，而根据“Scientists from Budapest, Hungary, studied 400 university students.”可知C选项的叙述不正确。故应选C。

4.C主旨大意题。根据下文"It seems that when you are born may increase or decrease your chance of developing certain mood disorders (紊乱),"的描述可知，这里指的是某种化学变化是怎样影响情绪的。结合选项可知应选C。

5.

考点：科普类短文阅读。