Question

To get an extra 14 years of life, don't smoke, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly and drink alcohol in a proper amount. That is according to a study published this Monday in the Public Library of Science Medicine Journal .

After tracking more than 20, 000 people aged 45 to 79 years in the UK from about 1993 to 2008, Kay-Tee Khaw of the University of Cambridge and his colleagues found that people who adopted these four healthy habits lived an average of 14 years longer than who didn't.

"We're known for a long time that these behaviors are good things to do, but we've not seen this benefit before," said Susan Jebb, head of Nutrition and Health at Britain's Medical Research Council. "The benefit was also seen regardless of whether or not people were fat and social class they came from. "

Study participants(参与者) scored a point each for not smoking, regular physical activity, eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day and moderate alcohol intake.

Public health experts said they hoped the study would inspire governments to introduce policies helping people to adopt these changes. But because the study only observed people rather than testing specific changes, it would be impossible to conclude that people who suddenly adopted these healthy behaviors would surely gain 14 years.

"We can't say that any person could gain 14 years by doing these things, " said Dr Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization. "The 14 years is an average across the population of what's theoretically(埋论上地) possible. "

"Most people know that things like a good diet matter and that smoking isn't good for them," Susan Jebb said. "We need to work on providing people with much more practical support to help them change. "

1.We can infer from the passage that _____________ .

A. people are unaware of the harm of their bad habits

B. drinking alcohol does no harm to our health and helps us live longer

C. the government should make people change their bad habits by force

D. not everyone will live 14 years longer by adopting the four healthy habits

2.Which of the following DOESN'T belong to the four healthy habits?

A. Eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day.

B. Doing proper exercises in the morning every day.

C. Drinking alcohol in the proper amount.

D. Having a physical examination every year.

3.Which of the following can be inferred according to the passage?

A. Susan Jebb did not take part in the study.

B. The study observed people as well as tested specific changes.

C. There s no need for people under 45 to adopt these good habits.

D. Only those from first class can benefit from these healthy behaviors.

4.What should be the best title of this passage?

A. Smoking Cuts You 14 Years    B. How to Live a Healthier Life

C. Healthy Habits May Give 14 Years    D. How to Make Your Life Longer than Others

Answer

1.D

2.D

3.A

4.C

【解析】这篇短文介绍了一个新的研究结果，剑桥大学的教授Kay-Tee和他的同事们发现生活中有这四个好习惯，如不吸烟、定期锻炼、多吃蔬菜和水果以及适量饮酒，那么人们的寿命可以延长14年。

1.推理判断题。根据短文第五段中But because the study only observed people rather than testing specific changes, it would be impossible to conclude that people who suddenly adopted these healthy behaviors would surely gain 14 years.可知，因为这个研究只观察人，而没有检测特别的变化，因此对于突然采取这些健康的习惯的人来说，他们不一定能够多活14年。由此可知D选项是正确的。

2.细节理解题。根据短文第一段中don't smoke, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly and drink alcohol in a proper amount.可知，不吸烟、吃大量的水果和蔬菜、定期锻炼以及适量喝酒，这是四种健康的习惯。因此D不包括在内。

3.推理判断题。根据After tracking more than 20, 000 people aged 45 t0 79 years in the UK from about 1993 to 2008, Kay-Tee Khaw of the University of Cambridge and his colleagues found that可知，这个研究是Kay-TeeKhaw和他的同事们一起发现的，而下面Public health experts said说的是公共健康专家的评价，Susan是一个专家，所以她没有参加这个研究，故应选A。根据But because the study only observed people rather than testing specific changes可知B不对；C选项在短文中没有提到；根据The benefit was also seen regardless of whether or not people were fat and social class they came from.可知D不对。

4.主旨大意题。根据短文的开头To get an extra 14 years of life, don't smoke, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly and drink alcohol in a proper amount可知，这篇短文的中心意思是告诉我们采纳四个健康的习惯，你的寿命就可以延长14年。故C选项的题目最能概括短文大意，体现文章中心。

点睛：这是一篇科普说明文，介绍了剑桥大学的一个教授和他的同事们所做的发现，也引用了一些健康专家对此事的观点。短文涉及的是科普领域的新发现，是学生们比较陌生的知识，因此这篇短文在理解上有一点难度，后面的题目设置又是推理判断题为主，题型也较难。对于这样的短文，我们应首先了解文章的大意，也就是这篇文章主要想告诉我们什么。这个题目的中心是比较突出的，第一段就是文章的中心，读懂这一段，我们就了解了文章的主旨。做题的时候，要注意选项之间的对比，依据选项定位原文，进行判断。例如第3小题，这个题目需要我们仔细阅读全文的内容进行判断，它的选项中涉及的内容较多，而且比较分散，我们只能逐一排除。