Question

Anxiety disorders--defined by extreme fear,restlessness,and muscle tension-are carefully considering,disabling,and can increasethe risk for_________and self-murder.They are some of the most common mental health conditions around the world,affecting around four out of every 100 people and costing the health care system and job employers over US $42 billion each year.

People with anxiety are more likely to miss days from work and are less productive.Young people with anxiety are also less likely to enter school and complete it-leading to fewer life_________.Even though this evidence points to anxiety disorders as being important mental health issues,insufficient_________is being given to them by researchers,clinicians,and policy makers.My team and I at the University of Cambridge wanted to find out who is most affected by anxiety disorders.

To do this,we conducted a systematic_______of studies that reported on the proportion of people with anxiety in a variety of contexts around the world,used accurate methods to keep the highest quality studies.

Our results showed women are almost twice as likely to suffer from anxiety as men,and people living in Europe and North America are disproportionately affected.So why are women more probable?

It could be because of differences in brain chemistry and hormone(荷尔蒙) variations.Reproductive events across a woman's life are associated with hormonal changes,which have been linked to anxiety.The rise in oestrogens(雌激素) that occurs during pregnancy can ________the risk for uncontrollable disorder.

This is characterized by disturbing and repetitive thoughts,impulses and addictions that are upsetting and less effective.But in addition to biological mechanisms,women and men seem to experience and react to events in their life ________.Women when faced with stressful situations,women and men which can increase their anxiety.Also,when faced with life stressful situations,women and men tend to use different coping strategies.Women faced with life stressors are more likely to think about them seriously,which can increase their anxiety,while men engage more in active,problem-focused coping.

1.A. symptom    B. depression    C. misery    D. frightening

2.A. adventures    B. insurances    C. chances    D. programs

3.A. conclusion    B. attention    C. solution    D. contribution

4.A. igorance    B. outlook    C. discovery    D. review

5.A. challenge    B. decline    C. eliminate    D. increase

6.A. equally    B. similarly    C. differently    D. terribly

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.B

4.D

5.D

6.C

【解析】短文介绍了焦虑症。有焦虑症的人可能会增加抑郁和自杀的风险，患焦虑症的人更可能耽误工作，效率低，焦虑的年轻人也不太可能进入学校并完成自己的学业。焦虑症是重要的心理健康问题。研究表明，女性患焦虑症的可能性几乎是男性的两倍，这可能是由于在大脑中的化学物质和激素的变化存在差异。

1.B

句意：可能会增加抑郁症和自杀的风险。A. symptom症状； B. depression抑郁；C. misery痛苦；D. frightening 恐惧。短文的开头曾提到焦虑症，焦虑症有可能导致抑郁症，故答案为B。

2.C

句意：焦虑的年轻人也不太可能进入学校并完成学业，导致更少的生活机会。A. adventures奇遇；B. insurances保险；C. chances机会；D. programs程序，节目。完成学业能增加就业机会，提高生活质量，故答案为C。

3.B

句意：尽管这些证据表明焦虑症是重要的心理健康问题，但研究人员、临床医生和决策者对这些问题的关注不够。A. conclusion结论； B. attention注意力，关注；C. solution解决方案；D. contribution贡献。根据下文中的句子“My team and I at the University of Cambridge wanted to find out who is most affected by anxiety disorders.”，在研究人员、临床医生和决策者对这些问题的关注不够的背景下，才有了自己的团队的潜心研究，答案为B。

4.D

句意：为了做到这一点，我们对世界各地各种焦虑人群比例的研究进行了系统的回顾。A. ignorance无知，愚昧；B. outlook展望；C. discovery发现；D. review复习。通过回顾，寻求解决问题的办法，答案为D。

5.D

句意：在怀孕期间，雌激素的上升可以增加发生不可控的疾病风险。A. challenge挑战；B. decline 下降，衰退；C. eliminate淘汰，消除；D. increase增加。根据下文中“This is characterized by disturbing and repetitive thoughts, impulses and addictions that are upsetting and less effective.”的描述，这些疾病的特点是令人不安的多虑、冲动和成瘾，这些都是令人沮丧和不太有效的。故应该是增加风险，答案为D。

6.C

句意：但是，除了生物机制外，女性和男性似乎对自己生活中的事件也有不同的体验和反应。A. equally公正地；B. similarly 相似地；C. differently不同地；D. terribly非常糟糕地。

根据下文中的句子“when faced with life stressful situations, women and men tend to use different coping strategies.” 当面对生活压力的情况下，妇女和男子往往使用不同的应对策略。故答案为C。