Question

In the summer of 1885, nine-year-old Joseph Meister was very ill. He had been attacked by a sick dog that had rabies(狂犬病), a very dangerous disease. His doctor tried to help him, but there was no cure for rabies at that time. The doctor told Joseph’s parents that perhaps there was one man who could save Joseph’s life. His name was Louis Pasteur.

When Pasteur was young, he was especially interested in medicine, so he spent many hours every day with the chemist (药剂师）who lived in his small town. At that time, the chemist had to make all the medicines himself. Young Louis enjoyed watching the chemist as he worked and helped those people who came to him each day. Pasteur decided that one day he would help people, too.

As a school boy, Pasteur worked slowly and carefully. At first, his teachers thought that young Louis might be a slow learner. Through elementary school, high school, and college, Pasteur worked the same way. In fact, he was not a slow learner, but a very intelligent young man. He became a college professor and scientist, and he continued to work very carefully.

Because of Pasteur’s patience, he was able to make many observations and germs (细菌). Pasteur was studying about the germs that cause rabies when Joseph Meister became ill. In fact, Pasteur believed that he had a medical treatment for rabies, but he never gave it to a person before. At first, Pasteur was afraid to treat Joseph, but the doctor said the child was dying. Pasteur gave Joseph an inoculation (预防接种）every day for ten days. Slowly, the child became better.

During his lifetime, Pasteur studied germs and learned how they cause diseases in animals and people and also studied the way to prevent diseases. On September 28, 1895，Louis Pasteur passed away. The work of this great man has been of great help to modern medicine.

1.According to the passage, young Louis______.

A. was badly hurt by a dog

B. was very interested in medicine

C. made a living by working for a chemist

D. had been thought highly of his teachers

2.We can learn from Paragraph 3 that Louis Pasteur_____.

A. was always patient    B. was clever but proud

C. was a slow learner    D. was a humorous professor

3.The underlined word “it ”in Paragraph 4 refers to “_____”.

A. the sick dog    B. the medical treatment for rabies

C. the germ    D. the poor child

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Germs and Diseases    B. Rabies: a Terrible Disease

C. The Earliest Chemist    D. Louis Pasteur: a Great Scientist

Answer

1.B

2.A

3.B

4.D

【解析】本文主要介绍了伟大的科学家路易斯巴斯德的事迹。

1.题意：根据文章，年轻的路易斯___________________。考查细节理解题。A. was badly hurt by a dog被狗伤得很厉害；B. was very interested in medicine对医学很感兴趣；C. made a living by working for a chemist通过给药剂师工作谋生；D. had been thought highly of his teachers受到老师们的高度评价。根据第二段第一句When Pasteur was young, he was especially interested in medicine,（当巴斯德年轻的时候，他对医学特别感兴趣，）结合第一段最后一句His name was Louis Pasteur.可知年轻的路易斯对医学很感兴趣；选B。

2.题意：我们可以从第3段中得知路易·巴斯德_______________。考查细节理解题。A. was always patient总是很耐心；B. was clever but proud聪明而骄傲；C. was a slow learner学得很慢；D. was a humorous professor是个幽默的教授。根据第三段第一句As a school boy, Pasteur worked slowly and carefully.（作为一个小学生，巴斯德学习得很慢很细心。）和最后一句He became a college professor and scientist, and he continued to work very carefully.（他成了一名大学教授和科学家，他仍旧非常认真地工作。）可知路易·巴斯德是一个很有耐心的人。故选A。

3.题意：第4段中划线的词“it”指的是__________________。考查代词指代内容。A. the sick dog生病的狗；B. the medical treatment for rabies狂犬病的医疗；C. the germ生殖，细菌；D. the poor child这个可怜的孩子。根据句意In fact, Pasteur believed that he had a medical treatment for rabies, but he never gave it to a person before. （事实上，巴斯德相信他有狂犬病的治疗方法，但他以前从未给过一个人治疗。）和语境可知it指代的内容是狂犬病的医疗。选B。

4.题意：这篇文章最好的题目是什么？考查主旨理解题。A. Germs and Diseases细菌和疾病；B. Rabies: a Terrible Disease狂犬病：一种可怕的疾病；C. The Earliest Chemist最早的化学家； D. Louis Pasteur: a Great Scientist路易斯巴斯德：伟大的科学家。本文主要介绍了伟大的科学家路易斯巴斯德的事迹。根据本文主要内容可知选D。

点睛：阅读理解最能体现学生的英语能力的题型，分值较高，一般一个小题2分。如何通过解题方法的掌握来提升自己解答阅读理解题的技巧是学生最关心的问题。初中阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力，主旨理解能力和推理判断能力。做阅读理解题，首先要准确理解题意，然后根据题意根据短文内容做出正确的答案。（1）考查细节理解能力，此类题型较简单，准确理解题意后，直接到文中找出答案。例如，第1题，根据第二段第一句When Pasteur was young, he was especially interested in medicine,（当巴斯德年轻的时候，他对医学特别感兴趣，）结合第一段最后一句His name was Louis Pasteur.可知年轻的路易斯对医学很感兴趣；选B。（2）考查代词指代的内容 。做这种题型时，要根据上下文意思及句意准确找出代词所指代的内容。例如，第3题，根据句意In fact, Pasteur believed that he had a medical treatment for rabies, but he never gave it to a person before. （事实上，巴斯德相信他有狂犬病的治疗方法，但他以前从未给过一个人治疗。）和语境可知it指代的内容是狂犬病的医疗。选B。（3）考查主旨理解能力，此类题型较难，准确理解文中大意和题意后，根据选项做出正确的选择。例如，第4题，本文主要介绍了伟大的科学家路易斯巴斯德的事迹。根据本文主要内容可知选D。