Question

In 1826，a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business.But he was not a good artist.So he invented a very simple camera.He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden.That was the first photo.

The next important date in the history of photography(摄影术)was in 1837.That year，Daguerre，another Frenchman，took a picture of his reading room.He used a new kind of camera in a different way.In his picture you could see everything very clearly，even the smallest thing.This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.

Soon，other people began to use Daguerre's way.Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world.People took pictures of famous buildings，cities and mountains.

In about 1840，photography was developed.Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things.That was not simple.The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines.But this did not stop them，for example，some in the United States worked so hard.

Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer.He took many pictures of great people.The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike(栩栩如生的)．

Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century.Some photos were not just copies of the real world.They showed the ideas and feelings，like other kinds of art.

1.The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of ________.

A. his business    B. his garden

C. his window    D. his camera

2.The Daguerreotype was ________.

A. a Frenchman    B. a kind of picture

C. a kind of camera    D. the smallest thing

3.If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840，he had to ________.

A. watch lots of films

B. buy an expensive camera

C. take many films and something else with him

D. take pictures of people

4.Mathew Brady ________.

A. was very lifelike

B. was quite strong

C. only took pictures of great people

D. was famous for his unusual pictures

5.This passage tells us ________.

A. how photography was developed

B. how to show your ideas and feelings in pictures

C. how to take pictures in the world

D. how to use a new pind of camera

Answer

1.B

2.B

3.C

4.D

5.A

【解析】这篇短文主要介绍了摄影术的发展历史，其中重点介绍了每个历史阶段的重要人物。

1.根据He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden.描述可知，故选B。

2.根据In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerro type.描述可知，它是一种照片。故选B。

3.根据That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines.描述可知答案，故选C。

4.根据文中Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer.He took many pictures of great people.The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike(栩栩如生的)．可知答案，

故选D。

5.这篇短文主要描述了摄影术的发展历史，摄影术是怎样发展的。故选A。

点睛：(一)先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。

(二)快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。

(三)细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：

1. 抓住四个"W"和一个"H"，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When(时间)，Where(地点)，Why(原因)，How(经过)划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。

2.抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。

4.根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文(不是重读一遍)，迅速找出依据，予以排除。