Question

A 7-magnitude (震级) earthquake hit Ya’an, Sichuan at 8:02 on 20th April, 2013, and it killed at least 196 people and injured more than 11,000.

Together with other students, Yang Xuelan ran out to the playground. She was safe. But all her textbooks and exercise books were buried in the teaching building.

What can we do when an earthquake happens? In fact, there’s a little we can do to stop natural disasters such as earthquakes happening. But some methods can reduce (减少) the harm they cause. The American Red Cross introduced the “Drop, Cover & Hold on” method.

♦  Drop down onto your hands and knees. This way can protect you from falling.

♦  Cover your head under a strong table or desk. You can also stay along a wall, and cover your head with your arms and hands.

♦  Hold on to your shelter (遮蔽物) until the shaking stops. Be prepared to move with your shelter if the shaking continues.

Schools can normally take the earthquake drills (训练) to help students stay alive.

1.How many people lost their lives in the earthquake in Ya’an?

A. At least 196.    B. More than 11,000.    C. Less than 196.    D. About 11,196.

2.When the earthquake happened in Ya’an, Yang Xuelan was _____.

A. at home

B. at school

C. on her way to school

D. playing in the playground

3.What does the underlined word “buried” mean in Chinese?

A. 挖    B. 烧毁    C. 偷窃    D. 埋

4.According to the writer, we can _____ to reduce the harm natural disasters cause.

A. do nothing    B. stay at home

C. take some methods    D. run out of the house

5.Which of the following can help you stay alive in an earthquake?

A. Dropping down onto your hands and knees.

B. Covering your head under a strong table or desk.

C. Holding on to your shelter until the shaking stops.

D. All the above.

Answer

1.A

2.B

3.D

4.C

5.D

【解析】本文主要介绍了雅安大地震引起的灾难，并就如何在地震降低伤害，保护自己提出了几点建议。

1.题意：在雅安的地震中有多少人失去了生命？考查细节理解题。A. At least 196. 至少196个；B. More than 11,000. 超过11000； C. Less than 196. 不到196 ；D. About 11,196. 大约11196。根据第一段中的“and it killed at least 196 people”可知答案为A。

2.题意：在雅安发生地震时，杨雪兰_____。考查细节理解题。A. at home在家；B. at school在学校；C. on her way to school在去学校的路上；D. playing in the playground在操场上玩耍。

根据第二段第一句的Together with other students, Yang Xuelan ran out to the playground（与其他学生一起，杨雪兰跑到操场。）可知“她在学校”，故选B。

3.题意：下画线的单词“buried” 的汉语意思是什么？考查词义猜测题。A. 挖；B. 烧毁；C. 偷窃；D. 埋。根据上文She was safe.（她安全了。）结合地震情景可知此句But all her textbooks and exercise books were buried in the teaching building.意思是“课本和作业本被埋在了教学楼里。”结合句意可知buried意思是“埋”；选D。

4.题意：根据作者的观点，我们可以_____减少自然灾害造成的危害。考查细节理解题。A. do nothing什么也不做；B. stay at home呆在家里；C. take some methods采取一些方法 ；D. run out of the house从房子里跑出去。根据第三段第三句“But some methods can reduce (减少) the harm they cause（但是一些方法可以减少它们造成的伤害。）”结合题意可知选C。

5.题意：下列哪项可以帮助你在地震中存活？考查细节理解题。根据文章短文最后提出的三点建议可知A、B、C三项都能有助于我们在地震中存活，D.以上三点都是；故选D。

点睛：首先，通过粗读，了解文章大意。其次，通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点的返回来仔细阅读。在阅读理解的题目中，所设问题主要有以下几种方式：找主题或概括文章的中心思想、就文中的具体事实和情节进行提问、根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断等，在细读时，要根据设问的方式，进行有侧重点地阅读。1、概括文章中心思想。1)文首呈现主题句。 2)文尾出现主题句。3)首尾呼应展现主题。4)文中表述主题。前面提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后再做进一步的解释。5)文章没有主题句。在这种情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来。进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出文章的主题句。2.掌握文章的具体事实和重要情节。在考题中，经常会见到就文章中某一具体事实和重要情节进行测试的题目。 这就要求考生在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这些都有可能作为测试点。还有一些测试题，要求考生在理解的基础上，通过自己的思维将理解的内容系统化，比如计算、排序等题型。还有些细节理解题是通过语句的同义转换来考察学生的理解力。