Question

All our food comes from the soil. Some of us eat meat, but animals live on plants. If there are no plants, we will have no animals and meat. So the soil is necessary for us to live. The top of ground is usually covered with grass or other plants. Plants grow in soil, which has a dark color. This dark soil is humus. Dead leaves, dead plants and animals’ waste make it, but this takes a long time.

When the humus has been made, plants can grow well in it. All soil needs food. If we don’t give it any, the plants will be weak. Animals’ waste is the best food for the soil, but chemical fertilizers (化肥) are also very useful. The same crop should not be grown in the same place every year. It is better to have a different crop. A change of crop and the use of a good fertilizer will keep the land in good condition.

When the soil is dry, the wind blows it away. Sometimes heavy rain carries the humus down to a river. People should grow more and more trees and grass to stop wind from carrying the humus away. It takes hundreds of years to make humus, and so we must save every bit of it. Without soil, where can we grow food?

1.From the text, we know people live on _________.

A. animal    B. plant    C. meat    D. soil

2.The word ＂humus＂ means _________ in Chinese.

A. 微生物    B. 土壤    C. 腐殖土    D. 粘土

3.We should ________ to keep the soil.

A. give more fertilizers    B. kill more animals

C. make more humus    D. grow more trees and grass

4.We should save every bit of humus, because _________.

A. it takes a long time to make humus

B. the more humus in the soil, the better plants grow

C. the chemical fertilizers are expensive

D. A and B

5.The best title of this article should be _________.

A. Soil is necessary to people

B. The same crop can’t be grown in the same place every year

C. Soil’s food is chemical fertilizers

D. Humus is hard to make

Answer

1.D

2.C

3.D

4.D

5.A

【解析】本文主要讲述了土壤对人类的重要性。我们吃的食物都来自于土壤，植物生长在土壤之上。我们要注意节约用地，因为土壤的形成需要很长时间，我们要多种树和草，防止土壤被风吹走。

1.推理判断题。由句子“So the soil is necessary for us to live.” 可知，因此土壤是我们生存所必需的。故选D。

2.词义猜测题。由句子“Plants grow in soil, which has a dark color.”可知，植物生长在土壤中，颜色是深色的。以及句子“Dead leaves, dead plants and animals' waste make it, but this takes a long time.” 枯叶，枯死的植物和动物的废物使它形成土壤，但这需要很长的时间。因此我们把这种土壤叫腐殖土。故选C。

3.细节理解题。由句子“People should grow more and more trees and grass to stop wind from carrying the humus away.”可知，人们应该种植越来越多的树木和草来阻止风带走这些土壤。故选D。

4.细节理解题。由句子“Dead leaves, dead plants and animals' waste make it, but this takes a long time.” 和句子“When the humus has been made, plants can grow well in it.”可知，腐殖土的形成需要很长时间，以及腐殖土越多，植物生长的越好。故选D。

5.主旨大意题。根据全文的大意以及句子“So the soil is necessary for us to live.”可知，土壤对于我们人类来说是必要的。故选A。