短文写作
78.“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华院士，是央视王牌节目“开讲啦”开播以来最年长的演 讲者。上周五下午，全校师生观看完该视频后，都眼含热泪。
为了学习英雄的先进事迹，请你根据提示内容，以 “Huang Xuhua — the Father of
China’s Nukes”为题，写一篇人物介绍。 写作要点：
1. 他出生于富裕家庭，但为了祖国强盛，放弃成为一名医生的机会，学习建造核潜艇；
2. 在当时条件艰苦的环境下，他专心于核潜艇的研究和建造；
3. 为了保护国家安全，他曾隐姓埋名工作，30 年不为人所知，现虽年过 90 仍奋斗不止；
4. 他的行为向我们诠释了什么是对国家和人民的热爱。
写作要求：
1. 文章不能出现真实的姓名和校名；
2. 文章必须包含所提供的主要信息，必要时可作适当发挥；
3. 词数 80 个以上，文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总字数。 参考词汇：
核潜艇 nuke; 国家安全 national security; 隐姓埋名 conceal one’s identity
Huang Xuhua — the Father of China’s Nukes
Last Friday afternoon, all the teachers and students in the school watched the video about
Huang Xuhua – the father of China’s nukes.
We were all inspired by his heroic deeds.
八、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处写出适当的单词，单词首字母已给出。［有的词请 注意词形的变化！］
Once, there was a little grey planet. People living on it hadn’t looked after it well. A1. they had excellent inventions and spaceships beyond our imagination, they made the planet f2. of rubbish and pollution. As a result, there were no plants or a3. left.
One day, a little boy was walking on the p4.. When he passed a cave(山洞), he noticed a small red f5. in it. The flower was sick and almost dying. The boy d6.
it out carefully with its root and some soil. Then he tried to find somewhere to plant it, but he failed. He looked up in the sky and he found the m7.. He thought the flower might grow w8. on the moon. So he climbed into a spaceship with the flower and f9. to the moon. He grew the flower on the moon and took care of it every day. Soon the flowers spread all over the moon and the moon was c10. with red flowers.
When all the flowers come out, the moon looks r11. , like a warning light. If we don’t look a12. our earth carefully, the day will come when flowers will only be able to grow on the moon.
Fire is useful and important to us. You use it to cook meals every day. But if you are not careful, the fire may take place anytime. Many people get hurt or die in fires. So knowing how to
①/prə'tekt/ yourself in the fire is very important.
When the fire happens, the first thing you must do is to find safe routes(路线) to get away quickly. ②If you are in the taller floors of the building, you can’t use the lift. You should run out
along the stairs. From the lower floors of the building, you can jump out through the window if it is ③/'nesəsəri/ .
If you can’t get out of the room, you must be careful of the smoke. ④事实上，大部分人在 火灾中都死于浓烟。Find something wet to cover your nose and mouth. Keep low to the ground, and you will take in(吸入) less smoke. And you can also open the window, keep your head
outside to get fresh air and shout for help.
Remember: Nothing is more important than your life. You must leave everything behind, your money, your pets and so on. After you’re out, don’t go back for anything.
⑤ .
1.填写单词：根据文中①、③两处音标填写单词。
①/prə'tekt/ _________; ③/'nesəsəri/ ________
2.将文中②处划线句子翻译成汉语：________
3.将文中④处划线句子翻译成英语：________
4.补全短文：从下面四个选项中，选出能放入文中⑤处划线部分的最佳选项。
A. In those ways, you can make good use of fire
B. Follow those ways, and you can keep safe in the fire
C. In those ways, you can take everything out of the fire
D. Follow those ways, and you can save other people’s lives
5.What is the most important thing you should remember in the fire according to the passage?
__________________________________________________________________________
If you want to travel from Xi'an to Chengdu by train, it will take about 16 hours. But starting this month, the new Xi'an-Chengdu high-speed railway will shorten this travel time to three hours.
The 643-kilometer line is China's first high-speed railway to run through the Qinling
Mountains, which form a natural boundary(分界线) between China's north and south. With a speed of 250 km per hour, it's also the first mountain-heavy train line to provide a 4G network.
Along the way, the train passes through two areas for rare(稀有) wild animals — one for pandas and the other for crested ibises(朱鹮).
To reduce the railway's influence on the animals, workers and experts have designed and built the railway to be environmentally friendly, China Daily reported.
In September, there were 345 wild pandas living in the Qinling Mountains. China now has l,864 wild pandas in total, according to the Xinhua News Agency.
To avoid disturbing the pandas, the railway was designed to run through tunnels(隧道)
within the area. Protective shields(防护屏) are placed near the entrance of each tunnel to stop animals from going in.
To avoid hurting the thousands of crested ibises that fly near one part of the railway, protective nets have been set up along the tracks to make sure the birds will not fly into a train.
The nets are about 32 km long and 4 meters high. Experts tested different shapes and materials for building the nets before making their final choice.(A report in December, 2017)
1.From this month, it will take to travel from Xi'an to Chengdu by the high-speed train.
A. 16 hours B. 13 hours C. 6 hours D. 3 hours
2.Which of the following is TRUE about the new Xi'an-Chengdu railway?
A. It is China's first high-speed railway.
B. It runs through the Qinling Mountains.
C. It is the first mountain-heavy train line.
D. It is the first train line with a 4G network.
3.Why was the railway designed and built to be environmentally friendly?
A. To save money and energy.
B. To avoid harming wild animals.
C. To avoid damaging the mountains.
D. To help the train run through tunnels quietly.
4.What are experts using to stop animals from going into the tunnels?
A. Entrances. B. Tracks. C. Protective shields. D. Protective nets.
5.This news about the new railway is reported by _.
A. China Daily B. the Xinhua News Agency C. the 4G network D. CCTV
Shang Yang was a politician of the Qin state. He was very wise and forward-thinking(有远见的). He worked out several reform plans for the state, including focusing on farming and giving rewards(奖赏) to soldiers who were successful during war.
But at the beginning, these reforms were not easily carried out. Only a few people in the state understood Shang's talent and the advantages of his plans. Most people had little trust and confidence in him.
To solve this problem, Shang came up with an idea. He ordered some soldiers to put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin state capital. This attracted many people. Then, in front of the crowd, he said loudly: "People of Qin, whoever takes this pole to the north gate will get a reward of 10 gold pieces."
It was a simple task and the reward was big. Some time passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought that Shang was joking. Hearing no answer, Shang stepped forward and said, "I will increase the reward to 50 gold pieces."
The words sounded even more unbelievable. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward to take the pole. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang paid the man 50 gold pieces.
Soon, the people were saying that Shang was a man of his word. When he began promoting(推行) his reforms, the people followed and did not question him.
Under the great reforms, Qin grew strong and united all the states, becoming the first empire of China. Later, people drew the Chinese idiom “立木取信” from this story.
1.Shang Yang's reforms .
A. were never trusted by people B. made Qin grow strong
C. were carried out easily at the beginning D. focused on farming and education
2.To let people trust him, Shang Yang .
A. ordered many young men to join the army
B. gave a reward to anyone who supported him
C. showed that he could keep his promises
D. introduced his reforms at the south gate of the capital
3.What does the underlined word “unbelievable” mean in the passage?
A. 不能实现的 B. 不可能的 C. 难以理解的 D. 难以置信的
4.Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?
A. The Chinese idiom “立木取信” just came from this story.
B. Under the reforms, Qin united all the states.
C. The man who carried the pole to the north gate was paid only 10 gold pieces.
D. At first, only a few people in the state understood the advantages of Shang Yang's plans.
5.What's the main idea of this story?
A. Earning people's trust is never easy.
B. Keeping promises can earn people's trust.
C. Money can lead people to do anything in the world.
D. Reforms are important for a country to develop.
A friend wrote me a letter a few weeks ago. He felt ___________ at the time. He ___________ his letter with this question: "We can't really change this crazy world we live in, can we? "I _________ to him and started my own letter with these words: "Yes, we most certainly can!" I can still remember someone who changed my world. She was the _________ teacher at my primary school. I liked her music class and I wanted to impress(给…留下印象) her. ___________, I didn't know how to play any instruments.
One day, she let me try playing her guitar. I did my best, but could only stumble along(断断续 续地弹奏). When I finished playing, I put my _________ down. "I guess I am not very good." I told her. She looked at me with her _________ eyes, smiled at me and said, "We are all good at something. You just need to find out _________ you are good at. Then, you can share it with the world."___________ simple words changed me. They __________ a seed(种子) in my heart that continues to grow to this day. They made me realize that I had something good inside of me. I just had to find it and share it.
Can you change the world? Yes, you can! You can change it through one choice, one person or one kind act at a time. ____________ you have to do is to share your goodness. Mother Teresa once said, "God doesn't ask us to do ____________ things, but small things with great love." So make your love great!
1.A. glad B. homeless C. hopeful D. hopeless
2.A. posted B. ended C. added D. continued
3.A. replied B. answered C. said D. phoned
4.A. math B. Chinese C. English D. music
5.A. But B. Luckily C. However D. Especially
6.A. head B. hand C. face D. fingers
7.A. tired B. kind C. sad D. quiet
8.A. that B. whose C. what D. why
9.A. This B. That C. His D. Those
10.A. harvested B. fed C. planted D. watered
11.A. Both B. All C. Nothing D. Either
12.A. great B. small C. good D. bad
