Question

On June 26, 2000, two scientists, called Francis Collins and Craig Venter, told the world that they could now read the whole “map” of the human body: DNA．DNA is something that everybody has, and it tells the body what to do．DNA is the reason that we look like our mother and father, because we get some of their DNA to make our own．

People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time．In 1860, Gregor Mendel discovered a special reason why we look the same as other people in our family．It is because of small things named “genes” in our body．In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick made another discovery and found out that those small parts are real messages written in the DNA with a special language．

In 1961, Marshall Nirenberg and Johann Mattaei found a message in DNA showing how DNA tells the cell (细胞) to build its parts．Scientists have now found all the words in the DNA map, but we still do not understand what they all do．By understanding what just one “word” means, we can help save more people from several illnesses．

Most people hope that this will help make better medicine and help sick people．Other people worry that when people begin to know more words and find out lots of other information, we might use it in a wrong way, just to make people more attractive, or stop sick people from getting jobs．Man will have to meet a lot of trouble if DNA technology (技术) isn’t limited in use．

1.When did we first know why we look like other people in our family?

A. In 1860．    B. In 1953．    C. In 1961．    D. In 2000．

2.What does the underlined word “genes” mean in the passage?

A. The “map” of DNA．    B. A special language．

C. Small parts of DNA．    D. Several illnesses．

3.What did the two scientists first discover in 1961?

A. The “map” of DNA．    B. A new illness．

C. The language of DNA．    D. A message of DNA．

4.What can we do if we understand some “words” of the language inside the body?

A. Make people get new jobs．    B. Make medicine for new illnesses．

C. Make maps of human．    D. Make people less attractive．

5.What do people think about DNA technology?

A. It can cause good or bad results．    B. It can cause good results．

C. It can cause good results but won’t work．    D. It can cause only bad results．

Answer

1. A

2. C

3. D

4. B

5. A

【解析】

文章大意：本文简单介绍了科学家对DNA的研究历程。大多数人希望这将有助于制造更好的药物救治生病的人，其也有人担心这可能会带来一些不好的结果。

1.细节理解题。根据文中的句子In 1860, Gregor Mendel discovered a special reason why we look the same as other people in our family．It is because of small things named “genes” in our body．可知，我们第一次知道为什么自己长得像家里的其他人是在1860年，故答案选A.

2.词义猜测题。根据文中的句子In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick made another discovery and found out that those small parts are real messages written in the DNA with a special language．可知，1953，James Watson和Francis Crick有了另一个发现，发现这些小部分是用特殊语言写在DNA中的真实信息，所以gene在这里的意思是Small parts of DNA，故答案选C。

3.细节理解题。根据文中的句子In 1961, Marshall Nirenberg and Johann Mattaei found a message in DNA showing how DNA tells the cell (细胞) to build its parts．可知这两位科学家子在1961年首次发现了DNA的信息，故答案选D。

4.细节理解题。根据文中的句子Most people hope that this will help make better medicine and help sick people．可知大多数人希望这将有助于制造更好的药物和帮助生病的人，故答案选B。

5.细节理解题。根据最后一段句子Most people hope that this will help make better medicine and help sick people．Other people worry that when people begin to know more words and find out lots of other information, we might use it in a wrong way, just to make people more attractive, or stop sick people from getting jobs．可知人们认为这项工作可能导致好结果，也可能导致坏结果，故答案选A。