Big data (大数据) is a lot of sets of information that are put together so they can be used by a computer program. The computer program looks for different kinds of answers or patterns in the data. Big data can have different kinds of information from many sources, such as information that comes from schools, social media sites, companies and governments. One set of data can have people’s names and addresses. Another set can have what they like, where they go to school, and how much time they spend on the computer.
Big data can be used in many ways. The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains. This information is then used to make bus or train systems better. Some schools use big data to understand which children may need extra help in class. The teacher can then give certain students more help or support so those students can succeed in school. Companies use big data, too. It helps them understand who buys their products. For example, one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.
Big data can be used for good reasons. Some hospitals use big data to predict (预测) if a baby who is born too early will get sick. The hospital can then take extra steps to take care of that baby so he, she does not get sick. Big data can also be used for bad reasons. It can be used to predict which kinds of people are likely to break the law or hurt others, even if they have not done anything wrong.
How can big data be used for good and bad things? It is because the computer programs used to look at big data and understand it are written by people. People think a certain way. Because they think a certain way, they build a model of those ideas. These ideas are then used to look at the data. Sometimes, these ideas are helpful for people or businesses. Other times, bad ideas can cause problems for certain groups of people.
1.What is the first paragraph about?
A.What big data is and how it is used.
B.Why we can use big data in a number of ways.
C.Where important data is collected and stored.
D.What big data is and how it is collected.
2.How does the writer show that big data is useful from the reading?
A.Big data is widely used in every field.
B.Big data seldom brings any harm to people.
C.Everyone can get information from big data easily.
D.People can make certain right decisions according to big data.
3.What can we infer from the reading?
A.If there is plenty of information, it is called big data.
B.Big data provides any information for the government.
C.We should make full use of big data to serve the society.
D.Big data only collects the latest information from the world.
4.The overall tone (总基调) of this reading is ________.
A.sad and personal B.personal and scientific
C.informative but silly D.scientific and informative
I live in Mentone, a quiet, simple, peaceful place, where the rich never come. I met Theophile Magnan, a retired, rich, old man from Lyons yesterday, in the Hotel des Anglais. Theophile looked sad and dreamy, and didn’t talk with anybody else, which brought me back to the past.
A long time ago, Francois Millet, Claude, Carl and I were young artists—very young artists—in fact.
Yes, Francois Millet, the great French artist, was my friend.
Millet wasn’t any greater than we were at that time. He wasn’t known, even in his own village.
We were all poor though we had stocks(存货) and stocks of as good pictures as anybody in Europe painted. Once a person ever offered four francs (法郎) for Millet’s “Angelus”, which he meant to sell for eight.
It was a fact in human history that a great artist would never be accepted until after he was starved and dead. His pictures climbed to high prices after his death.
Then we made a decision that one of us must die, to save the others and himself.
Millet was chosen, chosen to die.
During the next three months Millet painted with all his power, enlarged his stock all he could, not pictures, no! sketches, studies, parts of studies, fragments of studies, of course, with his cipher(暗号) on them.
They were the things to be sold.
Carl went to Paris to start the work of building up Millet’s name. Claude and I went to sell Millet’s small pictures and to build up his name as well.
We made Millet a master. I always said to my customer, “I am a fool to sell a picture of Francois Millet’s at all, for he is not going to live three months, and when he dies, his pictures can’t be had for love or money.”
Claude and I took care to spread that little fact as far as we could.
Carl made friends with the reporters, and got Millet’s condition reported to England and all over the Europe, and America, and everywhere.
The sad end came at last, Millet died, not really. He became Theophile Magnan.
The pictures went up. There’s a man in Paris today who owns seventy Millet pictures. He paid us two million francs for them. Do you still remember the “Angelus”? Carl sold it for twenty-two hundred francs.
We are no longer artists and Millet dead.
1.Why did the four friends decide to choose one of them to die?
A.They wanted to be rich. B.They wanted to be famous.
C.They wanted to save money. D.They wanted to be respected.
2.Which of these is a fact based on the passage?
A.The story was written in memory of Millet.
B.Millet was still alive but had a new name.
C.Millet lived a wealthy life at first.
D.Millet failed to make a famous artist.
3.What made the four friends’ plan succeed?
A.That they didn’t want to be artists any longer.
B.That Millet’s pictures were sold at very high prices.
C.That people had pity on these poor artists.
D.People’s wish to own valuable art works at low prices.
This winter holiday was a different one for Chinese people. No Spring Festival gatherings, no family reunion meals, no hanging out with friends. Instead, we had masks on our faces, traffic controls, closed shops, delayed (延迟) school or work days, temperature checks in public places. During this time, most people have shown their understanding, taking medical advice and following the new rules. Everyone is making efforts, small or big, to help fight the epidemic (疫情).Here are the stories of three teenagers and their families during the epidemic.
Li Mingyu, 15, Lanzhou
* . His father is a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine. The hospital he works in has received several corona-virus pneumonia patients. Although Li’s father doesn’t have to treat the patients, there are still risks of infection (感染). To help cheer up his coworkers, Li’s father made a few packages containing traditional Chinese medicine and handed them out.
Zhao Junyan, 15, Shanghai
Zhao is a Grade 8 student from Shanghai. On Feb 3, he transported 15,000 masks from Indonesia back to China. During the winter holiday, Zhao went to visit his uncle in Jakarta. When he saw the news about the outbreak and the shortage of masks in China, he and his uncle bought as many masks as they could.“When a country is in trouble, everyone is responsible (有责任的) to help,”Zhao said to the media. “What I have done is what an ordinary Chinese person can possibly do.”
Tong Zexi, 15, Harbin
Tong hasn’t left his house for more than 20 days. Sometimes he really wanted to run outside and breathe freely without a mask. “But I need to protect myself and cause no trouble. In this key time, if one gets sick, many others could be affected,” he said. With this in mind, he has stayed at home and worked on his homework. He also tries to do some exercise indoors, believing that staying fit will help prevent the disease.
1.How does the writer support the idea that this winter holiday is different?
A.By sharing three stories. B.By comparing different families.
C.By giving examples of teenagers. D.By listing different activities.
2.Which sentence is suitable for___*___?
A.Here is a story by Li’s father.
B.Li’s father should be a good person.
C.Li worries about his father a lot these days.
D.Li thinks his father made great contributions to the society.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Tong Zexi has to stay at home to work on his homework to avoid causing trouble.
B.People used to get together for family unions and hang out with masks in Spring Festivals.
C.Indonesia is good at producing masks so Zhao Junyan bought many masks there.
D.Zhao Junyan thinks everyone should do something for their country in trouble.
Some experts believe that burpee (立卧撑) is the best exercise in the world because this exercise is one that anyone can do very easily and very cheaply.
How to perform the basic burpee correctly:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Please match Picture (A—D) with 1-2,and finish 3.
1._______Bring your feet back to the squat (下蹲) position by placing your hands on the floor. Then jump straight up as high as you can after the squat position, holding your arms up directly over your head.
2.______ Move your feet back behind you, so that you move from a squat position to a full-length leg extension (拉伸). Keep both arms and legs straight and strong.
3.As a form of exercise, the burpee is _______.
A.difficult and boring B.useful but difficult
C.simple and inexpensive D.simple but expensive
This might sound like a usual day for you. You look at your phone in the morning and read news stories from around the world. Your parents take you to McDonald’s to have dinner, which kids of your age _______also have for dinner in other countries. Then, your family starts to plan your trip abroad for the summer holiday.
So do you feel like you are a global citizen (世界公民)? More people are _______ themselves global citizens. Researchers from the BBC World Service asked more than 20,000 people from 18 _______about this as part of a report.
But _______is “global citizenship”? For some, it means the easy communication. To others, it might be a________of responsibility (责任) about problems like weather change. And for many, it is about being able to ______elsewhere, according to the BBC.
The BBC also found that people in rising economies (新兴经济体) feel like they are becoming_______global. “They feel their voices are more likely (可能的) to be _______than they were 20 years ago,” said the report’s author Lionel Bellier. However, people in developed countries are more likely to see the________sides of globalization, such as job loss.
But generally speaking, the world is ______more and more interconnected.
1.A.must B.should C.might D.need
2.A.calling B.caring C.working D.imagining
3.A.families B.schools C.companies D.countries
4.A.why B.what C.how D.where
5.A.sound B.sense C.knowledge D.voice
6.A.fit B.leave C.move D.visit
7.A.more B.less C.nearly D.hardly
8.A.refused B.forgot C.remembered D.heard
9.A.good B.dangerous C.bad D.bright
10.A.feeling B.leading C.becoming D.changing
—Shall I give you a ride since it’s raining?
—________.
A.Don’t mention it B.Got it
C.I can’t agree more D.It couldn’t be better
