Question

    It Is Never Too Early to Think—and Communicate—like a Scientist

Who is a scientist and what is his job? A chemist doing experiments? A geologist out studying rocks? When most people think about science, they imagine characters making discoveries or finding cures （治疗方法）for new diseases. However, these leave out an extremely important part of the scientific process: communicating—sharing the results of that work.

Imagine if someone discovered something important about a disease. Other scientists need to understand the work well enough to use these new developments to make even more discoveries in the future. The public, too, needs to understand how these discoveries might influence their lives. But none of this will be possible if the work is not shared. Being a scientist goes far beyond the moment of discovery.

Without clear communication, scientists would not be able to use the work that has already been done. So how do scientists tell others about the work that they have done? How do they make sure that everything that they share is as clear and correct as possible?

Researchers publish their work in scientific journals（期刊）.These journals can be read by other researchers around the world. It is very important for these journals, and for the scientists who read them, to make sure that the research included is as correct as possible. In order to do that, articles given to scientific journals before publication first go through a process called peer review. Other scientists who do research in areas related to the work in an article are asked to read through it. Scientists also provide feedback to the writers. They bring up new questions the writer may not have considered, recognize limitations to the results being described, and also make sure that no mistakes were made during the process.

Frontiers for Young Minds is a scientific journal written for—and reviewed by young people. All of the articles in it are based on works already published in a peer reviewed scientific journal. However, while scientists are good at making sure that articles are understandable for other scientists, there are no better experts to make sure that something can be understood by young people than the young people themselves. By working together with an experts young reviewers read the article to see if any part of the article is hard to understands make it clear why the experiment was done in the way it was done and check whether the figures （数据）clearly explain the point of the article.

Basically, these young reviewers learn to think like scientists. It is never too early to start! Ask questions, learn new things, and don't forget the importance of communicating your findings.

1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A.What is required to be a good scientist.

B.Who should understand a scientist’s job.

C.Why sharing the results of scientific work is important.

D.How scientists make sure their work is clear and correct.

2.From the passage we can know that________.

A.scientists are good at working together with others

B.young people usually enjoy reading scientific journals

C.in peer review, other scientists bring up questions to readers

D.young reviewers help make articles in Frontiers for Young Minds more readable

3.What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?

A.To introduce how scientists do their jobs.

B.To offer practical advice on how to ask scientific questions.

C.To explain the effects of peer review on scientific journals.

D.To encourage young people to think and communicate like scientists.

Answer

1.C

2.D

3.D

【解析】

本文讲了交流的重要性，并鼓励年轻人像科学家一样交流和思考。

1.主旨大意题。根据第一段末尾However, these leave out an extremely important part of the scientific process: communicating—sharing the results of that work. 然而，这些都忽略了科学过程中一个极其重要的部分：交流——分享这项工作的结果。由此引出下一段的话题，由第二段Imagine if someone discovered something important about a disease…Being a scientist goes far beyond the moment of discovery. “想象一下，如果有人发现了一种重要的疾病,其他科学家需要充分了解这项工作，以利用这些新的信息，在未来做出更多的发现。公众也需要了解这些发现是如何影响他们生活的。但如果这些工作不能交流共享，那上述的这些就成为不可能。作为一名科学家远远超出了发现的时刻。”可知本段用反例来证明交流的重要性，故选C。

2.推理判断题。根据原文第四段“In order to do that, articles given to scientific journals before publication first go through a process called peer review.”可知“peer review”是其他科学家给文章作者提意见，而非读者。D选项的出处为第五段中“However, while scientists are good at making sure that articles are understandable for other scientists, there are no better experts to make sure that something can be understood by young people than the young people themselves.”中文意为：“然而，尽管科学家能保证他们写的文章能被同行们读懂，但在让年轻人看懂科学类文章这件事儿上，没有什么专家能比得上年轻人自己了。（也即：年轻人更懂年轻人。）”，从而得出“年轻审稿人会让该杂志的文章更具可读性”这一结论，即选项D。

3.推理判断题。根据第一段It Is Never Too Early to Think—and Communicate—like a Scientist“像科学家一样思考和交流永远不会太早”。和最后一段Basically, these young reviewers learn to think like scientists. It is never too early to start! Ask questions, learn new things, and don't forget the importance of communicating your findings. 最根本的是，这些年轻人要学会像科学家一样思考。从现在开始永远不会太早！ 提出问题，学习新事物，不要忘记交流发现的重要性。可知作者写作的目的是鼓励年轻人像科学家一样思考和交流。故选D。