If you've ever stayed up late and then got up early the next day, you know what it's like to not get enough sleep. It's a very uncomfortable feeling. In fact, scientists have long believed that sleep is like food ——if we don't get enough of it, we might get sick or even die. But now they are starting to wonder just how much sleep we need.
Researchers from London recently did a study on fruit flies （果蝇）. They found that flies that slept for very short periods of time —— about 72minutes a day —— still lived about as long as flies that slept for longer time. One of the flies slept for just 4 minutes each day. This has led the researchers to wonder if sleep is less necessary than we thought before.
Humans are very different from fruit flies. Sleep is when our bodies do a lot of work, for example, repairing tissue（组织）and growing muscle （肌肉）.Sleeping allows our bodies to get a good rest.
But can we really die from not sleeping? No human has died so far from staying awake for too long. The world record for sleeplessness is held by Randy Gardner from the US, who stayed awake for 11 days and 24 minutes in 1964. However, Gardner did experience serious side effects （副作用）.
Scientists have not yet found any animals that don't sleep at all. Even animals that only sleep for short periods are not completely sleepless. This suggests that a short sleep is necessary, even in short-sleeping animals, according to a German scientist.
1.What does the study on fruit flies show?
A.Fruit flies sleep less than humans do.
B.Flies need 72 minutes of sleep every day.
C.Sleep is as necessary for animals as it is for humans.
D.Getting less sleep doesn't seem to influence how long flies live.
2.The purpose of Paragraph 3 is to________.
A.describe how much sleep humans need B.explain why sleep is important to humans
C.list the differences between humans and flies D.show the similarities between flies and humans
3.What do we know from the passage?
A.Sleep may not be so important as we think it is. B.Humans need more sleep than animals.
C.Sleeplessness can lead to death. D.Not all animals need sleep.
4.What’s the best title for the passage?
A.How Much Sleep? B.Die Without Sleep.
C.Wonders of Nature. D.Get Enough Sleep.
Cancer is now the leading cause of death in wealthy countries. Researchers say cancer has replaced heart disease as the top killer in the industrial world.
If the trend continues, they predict cancer could become the leading cause of death worldwide later in this century. However, the news is not that deaths from cancer are increasing but that deaths from CVD（心血管疾病）are decreasing.
CVD is a group of medical conditions that include heart failure, heart attack and stroke. It remains the leading cause of death among middle-aged adults worldwide.
But when you only look at deaths in the industrial world - that is not the case. In those countries, the new report shows that cancer now kills two times as many people as CVD.
The findings were published in The Lancet, The research comes from a large, ongoing study called PURE. It is a project of the Population Health Research Institute of McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences in Canada.
The PURE researchers have been collecting information about people from over 20 high-, middle- and low-income countries. The data includes a person's medical history and individual behavior, such as physical activity and diet.
Salim Yusuf is a researcher on the PURE study and a professor of medicine at McMaster University. He also serves as head of the Population Health Research Institute. He explained the study's findings in a statement to the press.
“ The fact that deaths from cancer are now twice as frequent as deaths from CVD in high-income countries, ” Yusuf said,” shows a change in the main cause of death in middle-aged people. ” He added, “ As deaths from CVD decline（减少）in many countries because of prevention and treatment, cancer will likely become the leading cause of death globally in the future.”
1.What does the underlined word “decreasing” mean in Paragraph 2?
A.Falling. B.Lighting. C.Adding. D.Changing.
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Cancer has become the leading cause of death around the world.
B.CVD is still the main cause of death among middle-aged adults.
C.Prevention and treatment have helped to make deaths from cancer decline.
D.CVD has replaced cancer as the top killer in the wealthy countries.
3.What can we infer from the last sentence of the passage?
A.There will be no deaths from CVD in the future.
B.Deaths from CVD are the most in high-income countries.
C.Cancer will likely kill more people than CVD will do globally in the future.
D.Most middle-aged people in the world die from CVD.
4.What can we know about PURE from the passage?
A.PURE is a name of a group of researchers from high-income countries.
B.PURE is a project of the Population Health Research Institute of McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences in Canada.
C.PURE researchers only study a person's individual behavior.
D.PURE researchers have been collecting information about people from middle-income countries.
Zhong Nanshan, an 84-year-old doctor, is the public face of China's effort to control a new kind of virus（病毒）. He became famous 17 years ago for “ daring to speak” in the fight against SARS. Zhong has been named to head of a high-level expert team organized by National Health Commission to research the new virus.
On January 20th, Zhong reported that the new virus could spread from person to person. Also, President Xi Jinping called for strong action to stop the spread of the new virus on that day.
The next day, Zhong Nanshan told reporters in Guangzhou that the government had been truthful about reporting cases of COVID-19. He also said the government was trying to deal with the outbreak. On January 23 rd, officials closed off all transportation to and from Wuhan. It was said that Zhong had pushed for the move.
In 2003, the situation was very different. The officials were fearful of telling the truth about the SARS outbreak. At the time, Zhong talked to reporters about the virus. A video in 2003 showed him telling reporters little was then understood about it. No one knew how it was spreading or the correct treatment. In a 2016 television program by CCTV, Zhong remembered he was asked if the SARS outbreak was under control. He said,“ I couldn't help myself. I said it's not under control at all.” The program praised Zhong for “daring to speak”.
1.When did President Xi Jinping call for strong action to stop the spread of the new virus?
A.On January 21st. B.On January 20th.
C.On February 21st. D.On February 23rd.
2.What is Zhong Nanshan's attitude to the government according to Paragraph 3?
A.Positive. B.Serious. C.Careful. D.Worried.
3.What does the underlined word "it” in the last paragraph refer to?
A.The new virus. B.SARS.
C.The video. D.The television program.
4.What's the main idea of the passage?
A.China is trying to call for strong action to control a new kind of virus.
B.Zhong Nanshan explains how he fought against SARS in 2003.
C.A famous SARS fighter dares to fight against the new virus again.
D.A new kind of virus has been spread from person to person around the world.
OPENING HOURS
♦High Season( April to September) : 9 ：00 - 18 ：00 every day
♦Low Season( October to March) : 9 ：00 - 17 ：00 every day
TICKET PRICES
♦Line A→→→: $ 20 each person
♦Line B→→→: $ 18 each person
THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW
♦Buses for both lines leave every hour from Central Station.
♦Line A takes one hour. Line B takes 50 minutes.
♦ If you are taking your pet with you, please buy a seat for it at half price.
♦ Save 10% if you buy tickets on the Internet.
♦Save 10% if you buy tickets for both lines.
♦ Go to www. citysightbus.org for more information.
1.When can you take the City Sight Bus at 17：30?
A.In October. B.In December. C.In January. D.In May.
2.Mr. Brown and his wife want to take their pet dog to Queen Marguerite's Park. How much do they have to pay for the City Sight Bus?
A.$ 18. B.$ 36. C.$ 45. D.$ 54.
3.What can we get from the passage?
A.Line A takes less time than Line B.
B.You can take both lines to Starlight Garden.
C.Buses for both lines leave from Lovers' Bridge.
D.You can pay 10% less if you buy tickets for both lines.
Are Li Ziqi's works cultural export （输出）?
Who is Li Ziqi? For over 20 million fans on Weibo, that’s an easy ___________to answer. She holds an account（账户）and shows her___________about the cooking processes of different kinds of traditional Chinese food.
On December 6th last year, a question about her videos became___________on Weibo: “Are Li Ziqi's works a kind of cultural export?” By 14：00, the number of views___________470 million, with 36,000 discussions. Many people argued that her videos were about daily life, so what she records was not a symbol of Chinese culture.
___________why should what she records be a symbol of Chinese culture? She is just telling the world___________ about Chinese culture. And there is no reason to put so heavy a title___________ her. Chinese culture has many aspects （方面）and very few people dare（敢）call themselves to be a symbol of it. Li has never said anything about that.
The idea that her videos are cultural export is even sillier because never has any serious expert ___________her like this. Why link her with so___________a word? Do those people with such an idea ____________know what cultural export is?
Of course, through her videos, Li has spread Chinese culture to the world. She lets the world____________ that Chinese people love delicious food and are good at making art out of even simple fresh materials. She lets the world____________one of the most important aspects of Chinese people, how they live their daily lives. And it is these that have captured（俘获）the ____________of her fans around the world.
Her videos have little words or conversations, and at first they were without any English titles. That shows the charm（魅力）of Chinese culture in every simple thing of ____________life.
It is unnecessary to discuss ____________Li's videos are cultural export or not. She lets the world know and love Chinese culture. That's all.
1.A.topic B.question C.task D.choice
2.A.videos B.skills C.suggestions D.habits
3.A.easy B.common C.strange D.hot
4.A.improved B.reached C.produced D.discovered
5.A.Since B.If C.But D.So
6.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
7.A.with B.through C.upon D.under
8.A.ordered B.invited C.encouraged D.described
9.A.terrible B.rude C.cruel D.big
10.A.silently B.usually C.really D.secretly
11.A.imagine B.expect C.know D.support
12.A.guess B.see C.create D.think
13.A.hearts B.brains C.ideas D.opinions
14.A.daily B.difficult C.funny D.future
15.A.why B.what C.that D.whether
Mom _________the vegetables. Let’s go and help her.
A.waters B.watered C.is watering D.was watering
