Question

    If you know a teenager or gamer, you have probably heard about the latest video game: Fortnite. In the game, up to 100 players land into a small island with guns, and then kill or hide from other players in an attempt to be the lone survivor. The main goal is to kill other players. The popularity of these types of games raises clear questions about the effects of violent(暴力的)gaming. Do violent video games lead to real life violence?

The research on this question is mixed. Over the years, researchers have performed studies to find out whether violent video games lead to problems such as aggression(攻击性）and poor performance in school. Many studies have found that people who play violent video games are more likely to be involved in aggressive behavior. In fact, there was enough research leading to this conclusion(结论）that the American Psychological Association published a policy statement in 2015 concluding that playing violent video games leads to more aggressive behaviors.

But many other researchers disagree. Many studies about violent crime and the use of video violent games find no evidence that increased sales of violent video games leads to an obvious growth in violent crimes. Researchers state that if violent games directly led to violent behavior, the data(数据)would show increases in violent crime on a large—scale as more people played violent games. In fact, there is some evidence that as more youth play video games, rates of youth violence have decreased.

A recent analysis finds that much of the research on violence and video games is affected by publication bias. Studies which drew the conclusions that video games lead to aggression and violence are more likely to be published. However, studies which find violent video games don't have an effect on violence are seldom to be published. As a result, large reviews of the data conclude violent video games lead to aggression without considering research to the contrary.

So what's the take—home message here? There is not enough evidence that violent video games lead to aggressive behavior. That does not mean that every game is for every child. Certainly, many violent video games are scary and unfit for some kids. Understanding each child's needs and creating a plan that sets out rules for media use and monitors kids' activities on screens are proper solutions.

1.The writer mentions the game Fortnite to__________

A.introduce the latest video game B.show the popularity of the game

C.lead in the topic of violent gaming D.share the skills of winning the game

2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A.Harmful effects of violent video games. B.Reasons of playing violent video games.

C.The aggressive behaviors in violent games. D.The research process of the violent games.

3.The word "bias" in Paragraph 4 probably means"___________________"

A.common practice B.unfair preference

C.unusual experience D.serious misunderstanding

4.The writer probably agrees that___________.

A.children should stay away from video games

B.violent video games lead to aggressive behaviors

C.crimes increase with the popularity of violent gaming

D.children need to be guided when playing video games

Answer

1.C

2.A

3.B

4.D

【解析】

本文是一篇议论文。主要谈论暴力电子游戏的影响。对暴力电子游戏褒贬不一。一些研究人员认为玩暴力电子游戏会导致更具攻击性的行为。但许多其他研究人员不同意。有证据表明，随着越来越多的年轻人玩电子游戏，年轻人的暴力发生率有所下降。大量的数据回顾表明暴力电子游戏会导致攻击，而没有考虑相反的研究。作者认为孩子们在玩电子游戏时需要被引导。

1.

推理判断题。根据第1段第4和5句“The popularity of these types of games raises clear questions about the effects of violent gaming. Do violent video games lead to real life violence? （这类游戏的流行引发了人们对暴力游戏影响的明确质疑。暴力电子游戏会导致现实生活中的暴力吗？）”可知“作者提到游戏Fortnite是为了引出暴力游戏的话题”；故选C。

2.

主旨题。第二段内容第3和4句“Researchers state that if violent games directly led to violent behavior, the data(数据)would show increases in violent crime on a large—scale as more people played violent games. In fact, there is some evidence that as more youth play video games, rates of youth violence have decreased.（许多研究发现，玩暴力电子游戏的人更有可能参与攻击性行为。事实上，已有足够的研究得出这一结论（结论），美国心理协会在2015年发表了一份政策声明，结论是玩暴力电子游戏会导致更具攻击性的行为。）”可知“第2段主要谈论暴力电子游戏的有害影响。”；故选A。

3.

词义猜测题。common practice普遍的做法，惯例；unfair preference 不公平待遇，偏见；unusual experience不寻常的经历；serious misunderstanding重大误解。根据下文“随着越来越多的年轻人玩电子游戏，年轻人的暴力发生率有所下降。”可知此句“A recent analysis finds that much of the research on violence and video games is affected by publication bias.”句意是“最近的一项分析发现，大部分关于暴力和电子游戏的研究都受到出版偏见的影响。”故单词“bias”意思是“偏见”；故选B。

4.

推理判断题。根据第5段最后一句“Understanding each child's needs and creating a plan that sets out rules for media use and monitors kids' activities on screens are proper solutions.（了解每个孩子的需求，制定一个计划，规定媒体使用规则，并在屏幕上监控孩子的活动，是正确的解决方案。）”可知“作者可能同意孩子们在玩电子游戏时需要被引导”；故选D。