Question

    To become a doctor in the United States, students usually attend four years of medical school after they complete college. Then these young doctors work in hospitals for several years to complete a training program called a residency(住院医生实习期).

These medical residents provide hospitals with needed services in return for not much pay. They work under the supervision(管理)of medical professors and more experienced doctors. Medical residents treat patients. They carry out tests. They perform operations. They complete records. In hospitals with few nurses, residents also do work formerly done by nurses. Some medical residents work one-hundred or more hours in a single week.

They often work for more than thirty-six hours at a time before they can rest.

Critics(批评家)of this system say medical residents work too long and do not get enough rest. They say these young doctors may be too tired to perform their medical duties effectively. Now, the government will limit the number of hours of work that residents can work. Most doctors in training will be limited to eighty-four hours of work each week. They will have work periods of no more than twenty-four hours at one time. They will have ten hours of rest between work periods.

Medical residents will have one day each week when they do not have to work. Any work they accept outside their hospitals will be limited. Experienced doctors and medical professors will closely supervise the residents to make sure they are not too tired to work.

Many medical residents welcomed the work limits. Others, however, said the new policy may interfere with patient care and their own medical education.

1.If a first-year college student in America wants to be a doctor, he has to wait for ________.

A.4 years B.8 years C.at least 10 years D.more than 20 years

2.Medical residents are not responsible for________.

A.supervising students B.treating patients

C.carrying patients D.doing operations

3.The underlined sentence in the second paragraph means that they have to________.

A.work 36 hours every week B.rest for 36 hours before they can go to work

C.work continuously for 36 hours D.take a rest every 36 hours

4.Why does the government limit the number of hours that residents work?

A.Medical residents get too much money.

B.Medical residents should go back to school to study.

C.There are not enough work for nurses.

D.Medical residents may make mistakes if they work too long.

5.The underlined word "Others" in the last paragraph refers to________.

A.some critics B.some medical professors

C.some experienced doctors D.some medical residents

Answer

1.C

2.A

3.C

4.D

5.D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述美国的住院医生工作任务较多，工作时间过长没有足够的休息，影响本职工作，政府将限制工作时长来保证他们不过度的工作疲劳。

1.

推理判断题。根据第一段“students usually attend four years of medical school after they complete college. Then these young doctors work in hospitals for several years to complete a training program called a residency”可知学生要完成大学四年，还要在医院几年完成培训，根据常识美国住院医师培训一般3到6年，由此可知从进入大学到成为住院医生至少需要十年。故选C。

2.

推理判断题。根据第二段“Medical residents treat patients. They carry out tests. They perform operations. They complete records. In hospitals with few nurses, residents also do work formerly done by nurses”住院医生需要看病、进行测试、做手术、完成记录还需要做护士做的事情。A选项监督学生文中没有提到。故选A。

3.

句意猜测题。第二段划线的句子“They often work for more than thirty-six hours at a time before they can rest”在他们能休息之前经常要工作超过36个小时。故选C。

4.

细节理解题。根据第三段“medical residents work too long and do not get enough rest. They say these young doctors may be too tired to perform their medical duties effectively”工作时间太长不能得到足够的休息这些年轻的医生可能不能有效率地做好本职工作。故选D。

5.

词义猜测题。根据“Many medical residents welcomed the work limits”可知others指的是其他的住院医生。故选D。