Question

    They hang from trees. They float in rivers and oceans. They are piled up in landfills(垃圾填埋场). Our frequent use of plastic products has, for many years, been a leading cause of serious environmental problems in the world. Last month, China drew up new guidelines(指导方针) aiming to bring plastic pollution under control across the country in five years’ time.

According to the new guidelines, the ban(禁令) on the use of non-biodegradable(不可生物降解的) plastic bags will have been applied to cities including Beijing and Shanghai by the end of this year. Other sources of plastic garbage will have been banned in these cities by the end of 2022. And that rule will have extended nationwide by late 2025.

Fortunately, China will not start from zero. Late last year, the country announced a national standard for biodegradable plastic shopping bags. It is technologically prepared for their production. Some regions have gained valuable experience that others can learn from. For example, Jilin province is leading the way by providing eco-friendly(环保的) shopping bags in some local supermarkets.

Given the size of China’s consumer market, one main obstacle(障碍) is the large number of plastic items that are being used by restaurants and e-commerce(电子商务) platforms. It’s estimated that nearly 25 billion plastic bags were used for deliveries in 2018. Most of them were rarely reused.

However, most Chinese people welcomed the government’s effort to reduce the use of plastics. “Beijing is thinking about the problem seriously,” said Tang Damin, a member of Greenpeace East Asia in Beijing. He added that the policy could be far more effective(有效) by using incentives(激励) such as a deposit(押金) return program on plastic products.

1.What does the writer want to tell us?

A.China has invented biodegradable plastic shopping bags.

B.Plastic pollution becomes more and more serious in China.

C.Greenpeace East Asia in Beijing worries about the plastic pollution.

D.China has drawn up new guidelines to reduce plastic pollution in five years.

2.According to the time line of the new guidelines,     .

A.the rules will have extended nationwide by late 2025

B.plastic garbage will have been banned in Shanghai by the end of 2020

C.plastic bags won’t be allowed to be used in Beijing by the end of 2022

D.a deposit return program on plastic products will be put into practicing in 2023

3.What is the biggest challenge to follow the guidelines?

A.Most Chinese people aren’t used to using paper bags.

B.It’s hard to make effective policy to solve the problem.

C.Many supermarkets are still providing customers with plastic bags.

D.Restaurants and e-commerce platforms need large number of plastic items.

4.What does Tang Damin think of the new policy?

A.The new guidelines are not much useful.

B.People should be encouraged to follow the policy.

C.The new policy can help a lot to develop Greenpeace.

D.Beijing is thinking about the plastic pollution seriously.

5.After reading the passage, we can infer that     .

A.people will order more take-out food

B.plastic bags will be widely reused in the world

C.biodegradable plastic shopping bags will become popular

D.there will be more people using paper products in the future

Answer

1.D

2.A

3.D

4.B

5.C

【解析】

本文介绍了塑料制品的频繁使用一直是世界上严重环境问题的主要原因，就此中国起草了新的指导方针，旨在五年内控制全国塑料污染。这项指导方针首先在北京上海等城市实施，到2025年底，将扩展到全国。中国还宣布了生物降解塑料购物袋的国家标准，它在技术上为它们的生产做好了准备。但是遵循指导方针也存在一些挑战，最大的挑战是餐馆和电子商务平台需要大量塑料制品，所以想要这项政策的效果更好，还需其他激励措施的配合。

1.

细节理解题，根据第一段Last month, China drew up new guidelines aiming to bring plastic pollution under control across the country in five years' time.（上个月，中国起草了新的指导方针，旨在五年内控制全国塑料污染）可知，多年来，我们对塑料制品的频繁使用一直是世界上严重环境问题的主要原因，中国已经制定了新的指导方针，在五年内减少塑料污染。结合选项，A.中国发明了可生物降解的塑料购物袋；B.我国塑料污染日趋严重；C.北京的绿色和平东亚分部担心塑料污染；D.中国已经制定了新的指导方针，在五年内减少塑料污染，故选D。

2.

细节理解题，根据第二段And that rule will have extended nationwide by late 2025.（到2025年底，这一规定将扩展到全国）可知，到2025年底，这些规定将扩展到全国。根据新指导方针的时间表，到2025年底，这些规定将扩展到全国。结合选项，A.到2025年底，这些规定将扩展到全国；B.到2020年底，上海将禁止使用塑料垃圾；C.到2022年底，北京将不允许使用塑料袋；D.2023年将实施塑料制品押金返还计划，故选A。

3.

细节理解题，根据第四段Given the size of China's constumer market, one main obstacle is the large number of plastic items that are being used by restaurants and e-commerce platfoms.（考虑到中国消费者市场的规模，一个主要障碍是餐厅和电子商务平台使用的大量塑料制品）可知，遵循指导方针最大的挑战是餐馆和电子商务平台需要大量塑料制品。结合选项，A.大多数中国人不习惯用纸袋；B.很难制定有效的政策来解决这个问题；C.许多超市仍在为顾客提供塑料袋；D.餐馆和电子商务平台需要大量塑料制品，故选D。

4.

细节理解题，根据最后一段“Beijing is thinking about the problem seriously.”said Tang Damin, a member of Greenpeace East Asia in Beijing. He added that the policy could be far more effetive by using incentives such as a deposit return program on plastic products.（北京正在认真考虑这个问题，”绿色和平东亚分部驻北京的成员唐大民说。他补充说，通过对塑料产品实行押金返还计划等激励措施，这项政策的效果可能会好得多）可知，唐大民说北京正在认真考虑塑料污染问题，如果通过对塑料产品实行押金返还计划等激励措施，这项政策的效果可能会好得多。结合选项，A.新的指导方针用处不大；B.应该鼓励人们遵守这项政策；C.新政策对发展绿色和平有很大帮助；D.北京正在认真考虑塑料污染问题，故选B。

5.

细节推理题，根据第三段“幸运的是，中国不会从零开始。去年年底，中国宣布了生物降解塑料购物袋的国家标准。它在技术上为它们的生产做好了准备。一些地区获得了宝贵的经验，其他地区可以借鉴。例如，吉林省率先在一些地方超市提供环保购物袋”可推断出，生物可降解塑料购物袋将成为流行。结合选项，A.人们会点更多外卖食品；B.塑料袋将在世界范围内广泛使用；C.生物可降解塑料购物袋将成为流行；D.将来会有更多的人使用纸制品，故选C。