Question

    If you open your fridge, you may see some leftovers (剩菜剩饭), and it's very likely you will throw them away in the end. If the _______ in a supermarket is not fresh anymore or is near the "sell-by" date (保质期), it goes into trash bins too. Every day, a large amount of food is wasted.

To cut down on food waste, France _______ a new law (法律). It forbids supermarkets to throw away or destroy unsold food. _______, they must donate it to charities. Food that isn't safe for humans to eat can be used as animal feed. If not, the supermarkets will _______ fines of up to 75,000 euros (around 542,200 yuan) or two years in prison (监狱). The law also encourages  _______ programs for schools and businesses about food waste.

France is the first country to make a law that forbids wasting food, but it is  _______ a worldwide problem. The good thing is that people around the world are trying different things to deal with the food waste problem. Galdakao, Spain, put a public fridge in the center of town. Anyone can drop off food or leftovers and anyone can come and take them. A supermarket in Canada, Loblaws, encourages people to buy "ugly food" by selling it at lower  _______ so it won't end up being wasted.

In China, we have the "clear your plate" campaign (光盘行动). This means you should eat everything on your  _______ or take away the leftovers.

"_______ much more than what people can eat in restaurants has been a way of maintaining (维护) face in China for a long time," said Liu Qinglong, a professor at Tsinghua University. "But I'm happy to see that our  ________ towards wasting food is changing."

1.A.paint B.food C.cloth D.flower

2.A.rejected B.decided C.tried D.passed

3.A.Otherwise B.But C.Instead D.So

4.A.face B.accept C.prefer D.like

5.A.medical B.educational C.spiritual D.psychological

6.A.exactly B.possibly C.actually D.luckily

7.A.prices B.qualities C.interests D.places

8.A.desk B.plate C.fork D.table

9.A.Ordering B.Asking C.Buying D.Demanding

10.A.decision B.discussion C.suggestion D.attitude

Answer

1.B

2.D

3.C

4.A

5.B

6.C

7.A

8.B

9.A

10.D

【解析】

本文介绍了法国和中国为了减少食物浪费所采取的措施。

1.

句意：如果超市里的食物不再新鲜或接近保质期，它也会被扔进垃圾箱。

A. paint油漆，B. food食物，C. cloth布，D. flower花。根据“some leftovers (剩菜剩饭),”和“"sell-by" date (保质期)”可知，此处指的是食物，故选B。

2.

句意：为了减少食物浪费，法国通过了一项新法律。

A. rejected拒绝，B. decided决定，C. tried尝试，D. passed经过，通过。根据宾语a new law可知，此处表示通过一项新的法律。故选D。

3.

句意：而是他们必须把它捐给慈善机构。

A. Otherwise否则，B. But但是，C. Instead反而，D. So所以。根据前文的 “It forbids supermarkets to throw away or destroy unsold food.”可知，此处表示不是扔掉或破坏掉那些食物，而是要捐给慈善机构。故选C。

4.

句意：否则，超市将面临高达7.5万欧元(约合54.22万元人民币)的罚款或两年监禁。

A. face面对，B. accept接受，C. prefer更喜欢，D. like喜欢。结合句意，表示要面对罚款或监禁，故选A。

5.

句意：该法律还鼓励学校和企业开展有关食物浪费的教育项目。

A. medical医学的，B. educational有教育意义的，C. spiritual精神的，D. psychological心理的。根据“for school and business about food waste”可知，针对学校和企业的，应是关于食物浪费的教育项目。故选B。

6.

句意：法国是第一个立法禁止浪费食物的国家，但这实际上是一个世界性的问题。

A. exactly恰好地，B. possibly可能地，C. actually事实上，D. luckily幸运地。根据后文“The good thing is that people around the world are trying different things to deal with the food waste problem.”可知，禁止食物浪费事实上是一个世界性的问题，故选C。

7.

句意：加拿大一家名为Loblaws的超市鼓励人们购买“难看的食物”，以更低的价格出售，这样就不会浪费了。

A. prices价格，B. qualities质量，C. interests兴趣，D. places地点。根据buy "ugly food"可知，买超市里的“难看的食物”，应是以更低的价格，at lower prices“以更低的价格”，故选A。

8.

句意：这意味着你应该吃掉你盘子里的所有东西，或者带走剩菜。

A. desk书桌，B. plate盘子，C. fork叉，D. table桌子。根据前文的“we have the "clear your plate" campaign (光盘行动).”可知，“光盘行动”应是吃掉你盘子里的所有食物，故选B。

9.

句意：清华大学教授刘青龙说：“人们在餐馆点的食物远远超过他们可以吃掉的是在中国很长一段时间以来一种维护面子的方式。”

A. Ordering命令，点菜；B. Asking询问；C. Buying买；D. Demanding要求。根据“much more than what people can eat in restaurants”可知，在餐馆点的食物超过他们能吃到的。故选A。

10.

句意：但我很高兴看到我们对待浪费食物的态度正在改变。

A. decision决定，B. discussion讨论，C. suggestion建议，D. attitude态度。根据attitude towards“对待……的态度”，故选D。