You can find elephants both in ________ and Asia, but they are kind of different. (非洲)
The bookstore where I ________ this book is not far from here. (买)
Awareness of public health risks should be raised ________ all citizens. (在……中)
No matter how old the ________ are and how serious their conditions have become, we never give up saving lives. (病人)
Tons of people enjoy listening to different types of music while they paint, write, or draw. Many believe that music helps get the creative juices flowing, but an international new study is challenging that view by putting volunteers through a series of tests.
The study was performed as a joint partnership between psychologists at three universities in Europe. The results suggest that any task that relies on verbal(与文字有关的) creativity was impaired(削弱) when listening to any type of music.
Subjects(受试者) in the project all spoke English as their first language, and had no problem in their sight or hearing.
The tasks were simple word games. For example, subjects were given three words, such as dress, shine, and flower. Then, they were asked to find a single word which could be connected with all three to form a common phrase or word. The single word, in this case, would be “sun” (sundress, sunflower, etc).
Subjects completed the tasks in either a quiet room, or while they were played background music with foreign lyrics(歌词), English lyrics, and instrumental music with no lyrics at all.
The research team also tested the library background noises, but found that such noises had no great difference in subjects’ creativity. The study’s authors believe that was the case because library noise is a “steady state” environment which is not as disruptive(扰乱的). Music with or without lyrics is characterized by changes in pitch or tone.
It’s worth mentioning that even familiar music with well known lyrics impaired subjects’ creativity, even when subjects declared that they worked or studied with music on regularly and the music improved their overall mood.
So next time you sit down for a study session with those lo-fi beats, you may be giving your brain something else to focus on rather than your work.
1.What does “that view” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A.Listening to music while working is so common.
B.People enjoy listening to different types of music.
C.Listening to music impairs creativity.
D.Music helps improve our creativity.
2.According to the word game in Paragraph 4, if volunteers are given three words “foot, base, basket”, what is the single word?
A.Case. B.Line. C.Print. D.Ball.
3.Which of the following had no great difference in performance of the verbal tasks?
A.Familiar music with well known lyrics.
B.The quiet and library noise conditions.
C.Background music with foreign lyrics.
D.Instrumental music with no lyrics.
4.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A.Music cannot disrupt the verbal working memory of the disabled.
B.Different kinds of music impair different parts of our brains.
C.You may do your best work without listening to music.
D.Library noises are characterized by changes in pitch or tone.
Have you ever been swimming in a pond, stream, or lake and had a leech(水蛭) stick on you? You probably shouted and tried to force it away as fast as you could. But leeches aren’t really sick, and sometimes they can save lives.
In ancient Egypt and later medieval(中世纪) Europe, doctors put leeches on patients. They believed that the spineless wormlike living things can cure all kinds of illnesses by sucking(吮吸) a patient’s blood. In Europe and in the United States, millions of leeches were used throughout the 1800s. Doctors used leeches to treat a number of illnesses, from obesity to headaches. People soon learned that leeches could not cure most diseases and were not a good treatment for patients. However in 1985, a Harvard University doctor changed people’s thinking once again. He was trying to reattach(重新接上) a patient’s ear, which had been cut off. He had trouble reconnecting the veins because the patient’s blood kept clotting(凝). He used a leech to draw out the blood and saved the ear.
Since then, leeches have often been used in surgery where body parts are reattached. During surgery, a leech is placed on the area where the surgeon does not want the blood to pool and clot. Then the leech produces a thing that keeps the veins(静脉) open and stops the blood from clotting. The leech sucks up excess blood, allowing fresh blood to flow, which helps the patient get well.
Some people are scared to death at the thought of having a blood sucking thing attached to them. But why not welcome a leech if it can save your life?
1.What is the passage mostly about?
A.Patient’s interest in leeches.
B.How and where leeches live.
C.The medical uses of leeches.
D.Leeches in ancient medicine.
2.When were leeches first used?
A.In medieval Europe.
B.In ancient Egypt.
C.In 1985 by a Harvard University doctor.
D.In the 1800s in Europe and in the United States.
3.When a leech is placed on a patient, which one happens first?
A.The leech produces a thing.
B.The patient’s veins open.
C.The patient’s blood flow faster
D.The leech sucks up excess blood.
4.Why did a doctor in 1985 decide to try using leeches?
A.He needed a way to close the wound.
B.He wanted to change people’s thought.
C.He believed in the mystery of nature.
D.He needed to keep blood from clotting
