Recently scientists are suggesting that humans connect people's names with their appearance, and can even guess someone's name based on how they look.
Researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel collected thousands of photos of people's faces. They labeled each photo with four names. Then, they asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct. The volunteers were able to guess the right name 38 percent of the time. It seems that humans are able to recognize certain characteristics of faces that can give them clues about someone's name, Reader's Digest reported.
However, this only works when we're looking at names within our own culture. In addition, the volunteers were not good at guessing the real names of people who use nicknames more often than their real names. This shows that a person's appearance is influenced by his name only if he uses it often.
“This kind of facename matching happens because of a process of selffulfilling prophecy, as we become what other people expect us to become,” Ruth Mayo from the university told the science news website EurekAlert.
The studies have shown that gender and race stereotypes can influence a person's appearance. The researchers believe there are also similar stereotypes about names. For example, people think that men named Bob should have round faces because the word itself looks round. People may think that women named Rose are beautiful, just like the flower they are named for.
Word Bank
clue线索 self-fulfilling prophecy自我实现预言 stereotype刻板印象
1.What does the underlined word “labeled” mean in Chinese?
A.贴标签于 B.画画 C.复制 D.支付
2.What do we know from this research?
A.The volunteers guessed nearly 40 percent of right names.
B.Nicknames have a bigger influence on people's appearance.
C.Gender and race have no influence on a person's appearance.
D.People are good at recognizing the different characteristics of faces.
3.Dr.Ruth Mayo thinks some people look like their names because of ________.
A.their culture B.a selffulfilling prophecy
C.racial stereotypes D.their living environment
4.According to the story, men named Bob are expected to ________.
A.have big eyes B.wear glasses
C.look beautiful D.have round faces
5.What does the text mainly tell us?
A.It's not polite to ask strangers about their names.
B.There are several ways to guess a stranger's name.
C.A person's appearance can be influenced by two sides.
D.People can guess others' names based on their appearance.
在你的生活和学习中,你一定拥有一个相伴成长的好朋友。请以“My best friend”为题,根据以下要点和要求,用英语写一篇短文,介绍你的好朋友。
1. 要点:
1)你最好的朋友是谁；
2)介绍你朋友的基本信息；
3)你为什么喜欢和他(她)交朋友。
2. 要求:
1)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
2)词数100左右。
My best friend
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Rebecca is my best friend. I 1. known my friend Rebecca for a long time. We first met five years ago. We found that we both liked Green Day. So I invited Rebecca to my home. We listened 2. music together and soon became good friends.
Three years ago, Rebecca's parents asked me to go on holiday with them! It 3. great. We spent three wonderful weeks 4. a village in Ireland. Rebecca and I enjoyed walking along the beautiful beach. We had a lot of fun.
Two years ago, I spent a week in hospital and Rebecca came to see me twice a day. But then, last year, Rebecca's father 5.changed his job wanted to move to another town. Since then we haven't seen each other, but we still write emails to each other.
The other day, I was sitting in the study and working on my website, a cup of tea on the table and old songs _______ my computer. It was a special pleasure to have such a _______ day after weeks of hiking, snowboarding and going crazy.
“Hi dad! Want some orange juice, graybeard?” Coyote yelled to me much louder than ________.
“No, just bring me some chips!” I shouted back.
One time, when I misheard what he said three times in a row, he _______ that I had become too old and started to hear worse. Since then, yelling at _______ has become a kind of family joke.
Pushing everything to the limit was the basis of Coyote's character. On the one hand, it helped him to _______ tasks he had to do on his own, and he did great, making me proud of him. On the other hand, this brought him _____, as he did not know when to stop. At such moments, I would behave superfatherly, and give him _______ and warnings that he usually ignored. When he got a tattoo, we had a/an _______. All these surely drove me mad, and the big fights started. It is strange but when I was a teenager, my father would act ________ the same and it took me a long time to understand him.
“Dad, let me show you something,” Coyote said as he was getting back. “Don't get too ________, okay?” I sighed, _______ I was almost sure of what I was about to see.
When he _______ his Tshirt, I saw a new tattoo: some Buddhist symbol, I guess. Coyote has been interested in Asian culture for a long time.
“Control yourself, graybeard,” I said to myself, trying not to yell _______ like, “Why would you need another tattoo after you already made that huge first one?”
The next moment I realized that my yelling would not _______ anything; the tattoo was already on Coyote's skin.
And then I thought, “Hey, what if I get a tattoo myself?”
Word Ban k
yell叫喊 ignore忽视. tattoo 纹身 sigh叹息
1.A.under B.from C.without D.beside
2.A.busy B.blue C.strange D.peaceful
3.A.needed B.expected C.reminded D.imagined
4.A.complained B.realized C.joked D.shouted
5.A.us B.me C.you D.him
6.A.receive B.accept C.choose D.achieve
7.A.sadness B.honors C.happiness D.troubles
8.A.advice B.treasure C.experience D.knowledge
9.A.agreement B.argument C.decision D.discussion
10.A.clearly B.quickly C.exactly D.properly
11.A.mad B.curious C.excited D.nervous
12.A.if B.because C.unless D.though
13.A.hid B.showed C.lifted D.hung
14.A.everything B.nothing C.anything D.something
15.A.interrupt B.change C.test D.cost
Friends play an important role in our daily life. A good friend can help us solve many problems, so it's important to keep a good relationship with our friends. Here are some ways to help you build strong friendships.
Be loyal to a friend. Part of being a friend is being prepared to devote your time and energy to helping out your friends. If a friend needs help with an unpleasant thing, or if he or she just needs a shoulder to cry on, be there for them. 1.This is a good way to attract the kind of friends you want in your life.
2.When you say you'll do something, do it. Be someone that people know that they can rely on. If you show this quality to your friends, they will appreciate it and will be reliable in return.
Be a good listener. Many people think they have to appear very interesting.3. Listen carefully to what people say, remember important details about them, ask questions about their interests, and take the time to learn more about them.
Stress your good qualities. Show others what makes you stand apart from the crowd. Talk about your interests and hobbies. Everyone has interesting stories to tell—don't be afraid to share yours.4.People love to be around someone who makes them laugh.
Choose your friends wisely. As you make friends with more people, you may find that some are hard to get along with. Sometimes you may even realize that certain friendships are unhealthy.5. Value those friends who have a positive influence in your life, and do your best to bring a positive influence to them.
Word Bank
devote 投入 loyal忠诚的 gracefully 优雅地
A.Be a reliable friend.
B.Besides, a little humor always keeps a conversation light and happy.
C.In this case, walk your way out of the friendship as gracefully as possible.
D.Being a loyal friend will attract other people who value this quality to you.
E.Far more important than that, however, is the ability to show that you're interested in others.
One pleasant evening, I was holding Grandpa's hand and taking a walk in the park. “Where are the peanuts? Give me now!” He suddenly said. How I wished I had some with me! “William, the monkeys are taking long to come out today. Wait till they smell the peanuts.” I knew he was lost in one of his memories again. I remembered the stories he told me of how he fed the monkeys when he was a kid. Then, he saw the goldfish! He acted as if he was seeing them for the first time.
Poor Grandpa! He fell ill with Alzheimer's disease last year. The doctor said it could destroy a person's memory. The patient might also not be able to make reasonable judgments. The sad part was that it was a lifelong disease. But when my parents invited him to stay with us, he refused and said he liked living alone. One day, he forgot to turn off the fire after cooking porridge. Luckily, one of the neighbors came to help him before the fire could spread.
It was then that my parents brought Grandpa to live with us. Often, he would forget my name and ask me who I was and what I was doing in his house. Each time I would answer softly, “It's me, Ray, Grandpa!” Even if he had forgotten who I was, he would always be my beloved grandfather.
Word Bank
Alzheimer's disease阿尔茨海默症 judgment 判断 porridge 粥
1.What did Grandpa want to do in the park?
A.Eat peanuts. B.Smell flowers.
C.Feed monkeys. D.Tell stories.
2.What would happen to Grandpa according to the doctor?
A.His brain wouldn't need examinations. B.His memory could get better.
C.He might not judge things correctly. D.He had to live by himself.
3.What does the underlined word “destroy”mean in Chinese?
A.增强 B.改善 C.放弃 D.破坏
4.Why did the writer's parents bring Grandpa to live with them?
A.To make sure of his safety. B.To help him remember their names.
C.To answer his questions in time. D.To get his help with the housework.
5.Which of the following best describes the writer?
A.Smart. B.Caring. C.Honest. D.Brave.
