Question

    If you live in Shanghai, you might have taken a "lesson" in sorting(分类)garbage, as the city introduced new garbage-sorting regulations(规章)on July 1, 2019.

As China' s first city to carry out strict regulations on garbage sorting and recycling, Shanghai requires its residents(居民) to sort garbage into four categories(类别), namely recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. If people fail to sort their garbage properly, they can be fined up to 200 yuan.

Since the regulation took effect, the amount of total daily waste in Shanghai has been reduced by an average of 15, 500 tons, dropping 26 percent from the end of 2018, while the average daily weight of recyclables hits 4, 500 tons, five times higher than the end of 2018, according to the Shanghai Landscaping and City Appearance Administrative Bureau.

The city also rebuilt 21, 000 waste-sorting stations and more than 40, 000 waste bins have been dated(更新). The city's waste collection and transportation system is complete, according to the bureau.

"Proper waste sorting protects the environment and saves natural resources, " said Deng Jianping, director of the bureau. "Led by the central government, Shanghai is making efforts to develop long-term solutions to garbage management. "

However, there have also been some problems. Some people complained that it is difficult to deal with wet garbage, as they are asked to remove wet garbage from its bag when dumping(倾倒).

According to the sorting rules, the wet garbage must go in the wet waste bin and the bag must go in the dry waste bin.

This separation is necessary, as it ensures that the wet garbage will decompose(分解)properly and become useful organic(有机的)waste, the bureau said.

Plastic bags can affect this process. Some people in Shanghai are instead using paper bags that can biodegrade(生物降解)or plastic containers that can be washed and reused, according to Xinhua.

1.People in Shanghai are asked to sort their garbage into the ___________categories.

A.harmful, recyclable, dry and wet waste

B.recyclable, dry, harmful and kitchen waste

C.recyclable, kitchen, dry and "other" waste

D.harmful, recyclable, dry and "other" waste

2.What does the third paragraph tell us?

A.The garbage-sorting regulation has already brought improvements.

B.Recyclable waste comes out to two-thirds of the total daily waste.

C.In 2019, people produced less waste than in 2018.

D.Shanghai needs stricter rules to deal with waste.

3.According to Deng Jianping, Shanghai ______________________.

A.has added more than 40, 000 waste bins

B.will help other cities make garbage-sorting regulations

C.has had problems with garbage management

D.is still looking for long-term solutions to deal with garbage

4.What does "this process" in the last paragraph refer to?

A.The process of sorting garbage.

B.The process of dumping wet waste.

C.The process of decomposing wet waste.

D.The separation of wet waste and dry waste.

5.This article tell us _____________________.

A.why Shanghai must sort their garbage.

B.the reason of the garbage-sorting regulation and some achievements.

C.how Shanghai sorts their garbage

D.how to protect our environment

Answer

1.A

2.A

3.D

4.C

5.B

【解析】

上海是中国第一个对垃圾分类回收实行严格管理的城市，《条例》实施后，上海垃圾分类取得一些成绩和进步，日垃圾总量平均减少，可回收物日均重量是2018年底的5倍，正确的垃圾分类可以保护环境，节约自然资源，上海正在努力制定垃圾管理的长期解决方案。

1.

细节理解题。根据第二段“Shanghai requires its residents to sort garbage into four categories，namely recyclable，harmful，dry and wet waste.”上海要求居民将垃圾分类为四类，即可回收垃圾、有害垃圾、干湿垃圾。可知，垃圾分为可回收垃圾、有害垃圾、干湿垃圾四类，故选A。

2.

推理判断题。根据文中第三段讲述《条例》实施后，上海市日垃圾总量平均减少，可回收物日均重量是2018年底的5倍，可知本段主要是介绍上海垃圾分类的一些成绩和进步，故选A。

3.

细节理解题。根据第五段"Led by the central government，Shanghai is making efforts to develop long-term solutions to garbage management."“在中央政府的领导下，上海正在努力制定垃圾管理的长期解决方案。可知上海仍在寻找处理垃圾的长期解决方案，故选D。

4.

词义猜测题。第八段讲述垃圾分类确保湿垃圾能够适当分解，成为有用的有机垃圾；根据第九段“Some people in Shanghai are instead using paper bags that can biodegrade or plastic containers that can be washed and reused”上海的一些人转而使用可以生物降解的纸袋或可以清洗和再利用的塑料容器，由此推断塑料袋会影响分解湿垃圾的过程，所以一些上海人才不使用塑料袋；故选C。

5.

主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了上海的垃圾分类的规则及垃圾分类的原因及取得的成绩，故选B。