Question

    Do you want to improve your physics and chemistry grades? Well, maybe you should first learn something about the struggles(奋斗) of great scientists.

The American Psychological Association did an interesting study. More than 400 students from schools in New York City took part in it. The students were divided into three groups. Group 1 read a typical textbook that describes the achievements of great scientists. Group 2 read about those scientists' personal struggles. For example, as a Jew, Einstein ran away from Nazi Germany to avoid persecution(迫害). The last group read about the scientists' intellectual struggles. These stories about struggles also told students how the scientists dealt with these obstacles(障碍).

The students took a science exam before the study. After the six­week study, they took another. Scientists found those in Groups 2 and 3 improved their science grades. Students in Group 1 didn't see a grade increase. Some of them even had lower grades after the study.

The study was led by Xiaodong Lin­Siegler, a teacher at Columbia University. According to Xiaodong, kids often think Einstein was truly intelligent. They believe they will never match him. Many of them fail to realize that any success requires a long journey. Along the way, there are many failures.

Students who read the struggle stories more probably said that great scientists were like themselves. The "great minds" also had to overcome obstacles to achieve success.

Xiaodong thinks textbooks should include more stories about how great scientists had to struggle to succeed. And students should focus more on how these scientists dealt with the obstacles they met along the way.

1.According to the passage, students can improve their physics and chemistry grades by ________.

A.reading the achievements of great scientists more carefully

B.listening more carefully to their physics and chemistry teachers

C.learning about how great scientists dealt with their obstacles

D.doing more physics exercises and correcting mistakes

2.All of the students who took part in the study ________.

A.were interested in physics and chemistry

B.went to schools in New York City

C.wanted to improve their physics and chemistry grades

D.didn't like physics at all

3.The underlined word "match" in Paragraph 4 means "________".

A.satisfy B.catch C.hate D.like

4.Xiaodong Lin-Siegler thinks science textbooks should ________.

A.tell students directly that Einstein was born a common man

B.make the long lists of facts that students have to remember more interesting

C.include more stories about how great scientists had to struggle to succeed

D.tell students that great scientists have better families

5.What does this passage mainly talk about?

A.Students should learn something about the struggles of great scientists.

B.Success can be easily got by everyone.

C.Students should read more books to improve their grades.

D.An interesting study led by Xiaodong Lin-Siegler and his views.

Answer

1.C

2.B

3.B

4.C

5.D

【解析】

主旨大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国心理协会做了一个实验，研究表明，学生可以通过阅读科学家的奋斗史来提高自己的科学成绩。实验的主导者建议科学教科书的内容应该多增加一些关于伟大科学家是如何奋斗成功的故事。
3.词义猜测题。题干意为：在第四段中，画线单词"match"的意思是"________"。根据上下文语境，学生普遍认为科学家都是像爱因斯坦那样聪明的人，所以他们永远比不上他。故选B。
5.主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要讲了什么？通读全文可知，文章介绍了Xiaodong Lin-Siegler做的一项实验并介绍了他的观点。故选D。