Question

    Being considered a leader in our society is indeed of high praise. Leadership means power, commands respect and, most important, encourages achievement. Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills can't be easily swallowed down. They must be carefully cultivated.

    Different from popular belief, most good leaders are made, not born. They learn their skills in their everyday lives. But which do they develop? How do they (and how can you) get others to follow?

    Always give credit. Many leaders note that the most efficient way to get a good performance from others is to treat them like heroes. Giving public credit to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world. It is also an act of generosity (慷慨) that's never forgotten.

    Giving credit is more effective than even the most constructive criticism (批评), which often hurts rather than helps.  Kenneth Blanchard, the author of The One-Minute Manager, agrees. "Catch people doing something right!" he says. Then tell everyone about it.

    Take informed risks. "The best leaders know that taking a risk is not a thoughtless exercise, "says management adviser Marilyn Machlowitz." Sky divers don't go up in an airplane without checking the parachutes (降落伞) beforehand."

    Because the idea of risk also carries with it the possibility of failure, many of us usually wait for others to take charge. But if you want to be a leader, you must learn to fail - and not die a thousand deaths. Pick yourself up and start all over again.

    Encourage enthusiasm. (热情) "When people understand the importance of work, they lend their mental strengths," says Lee Ducat. But when they get excited about the work, all their energy gets poured into the job. That's a great force ! Is this the best way to create excitement? Be enthusiastic yourself - You will be followed by everyone.

1.The underlined word "cultivated" (paragraph 1) roughly means _______.

A. encouraged

B. compared

C. examined

D. developed

2.The part Always give credit tells us that a leader should _______.

A. give helpful criticism

B. regard others as real heroes

C. praise people for their good performances

D. praise everyone

3.To be a good leader, you should _______.

A. not be afraid of any risks

B. think twice before taking risks

C. try to avoid any possible failures

D. know what a thoughtless exercise is

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. Leadership Is of Skills and Techniques

B. Leadership Is Very Important

C. Not Many Can Be Leaders

D. How to Be a Leader

Answer

1.D

【详解】词义猜测题。领导能力需要培养，cultivate原义也是培养。相关句子：They learn their skills in their everyday lives. But which do they develop?

2.C

【详解】由这句说理性句子：Giving public credit to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world.  （credit= praise）和下一句比较具体化的句子："Catch people doing something right!" he says. Then tell everyone about it可知答案。注意其中的something right, 看到人们做得好，要告诉大家。

3.B

【详解】由第五段中句子: The best leaders know that taking a risk is not a thoughtless exercise,以及这个例子："Sky divers don't go up in an airplane without checking the parachutes (降落伞) beforehand."可知，“三思而后行”，并非完全是莽撞的冒险。

4.D

【详解】 主旨大意题。全文主要是讲成为一位好领导的技巧和方法.

【备考建议】对于论说文来说，理解作者的观点，做到不偏不倚，特别注意不能偷换概念，比如第61题，看似简单，准确性却不一，选项C、D比较容易混淆，注意其中的切点good performances。另外，注意相同的观点，使用不同的说法来表达，比如第62题。