Let's do some sleep math. You lost two hours of sleep every night last week because of a big project due on Friday. On Saturday and Sunday, you slept in, getting four extra hours. On Monday morning, you were feeling so bright-eyed, and you only had one cup of coffee, instead of your usual two. But don't be cheated by your energy: You're still carrying around a heavy load of sleepiness, or what experts call " sleep debt "win this case something like six hours, almost a full night's sleep.
Sleep debt is the difference between the amount of sleep you should be getting and the amount you actually get. It's a deficit (赤字)that grows every time we skim some extra minutes off our nightly sleep. "People accumulate sleep debt gradually without being noticed," says psychiatrist William C. Dement, founder of the Stanford University Sleep Research Centre. Studies show that such short-term lack of sleep
leads to a foggy brain, worsened vision, and trouble remembering. Long-term effects include obesity, insulin(胰岛素) resistance, and heart disease. A survey by the National Sleep Foundation reports that we're losing one hour of sleep each night —more than two full weeks of sleep each year.
The good news is that, like all debt, with some work, sleep debt can be repaid. Adding an extra hour or two of sleep a night is the way to catch up. For the long-term lack of sleep, take it easy for a few months to get back into a natural sleep pattern. Go to bed when you are tired, and allow your body to wake you in the morning (no alarm clock allowed). You may find yourself catatonic (有紧张感的)in the beginning of the recovery cycle: Expect to have ten hours' shut-eye per night. As the days pass, however, the amount of sleeping time will gradually decrease.
So earn back that lost sleep —and follow the orders of your inner sleep needs, and you'll feel better. "When you put away sleep debt, you become superman." Says Stanford's Dement, talking about the improved mental and physical capabilities that come with being well rested.
1.The example of sleep math is used to show .
A. in what case you build up a sleep debt
B. why you need six hours' sleep every night.
C. why you are full of energy even when lacking sleep.
D. you should drink coffee to keep energetic
2.The author begins Paragraph 2 with .
A. an example B. a definition C. an order D. a story
3.By saying the underlined sentence in the last paragraph, Dement means .
A. a superman always needs a lot of sleep
B. you can become superhuman after you repay your debt
C. you will be in a good state with enough sleep
D. you will become superhuman if you don't make up for sleep debt
4.What might be the most suitable title for the passage?
A. How can you keep energetic? B. Can you have a good sleep?
C. What is sleep debt? D. Can you catch up on sleep debt?
An important factor that plays a part in susceptibility （易受影响） to colds is age．A study done by the University of Michigan School of Public Health indicated the fact that seems to hold true for the general population．Babies are the group suffering most from colds, averaging more than six colds in their first years．Boys have more colds than girls up to age three．After the age of three, girls are more susceptible than boys, and teenage girls average three colds a year to boy's two．
The general frequency of colds continues to decline into adults．Elderly people who are in good health have as few as one or two colds annually．One exception is found among people in their twenties, especially women, who show a rise in cold infections（感染）, because people to this age group are most likely to have young children．Adults who delay having children until their thirties and forties experience the same sudden increase in cold infections．
The study also found that economics （经济状况） plays an important role．As income increases, the frequency at which colds are reported in the family decreases．Families with the lowest income suffer about a third more colds than families at the upper end．Lower income generally forces people to live in closer quarters than those typically occupied by wealthier people, and crowding increases the opportunities for the cold virus to travel from person to person．Low income may also influence diet．The degree to which poor nutrition affects susceptibility to colds is not yet clearly proved, but an inadequate diet is suspected of lowering resistance generally．
1.What factors cause people to catch colds easily?
A. Age and pregnancy． B. Health and pregnancy．
C. Health and economics． D. Age and economics．
2.Why does the lowest income lead to the rapid spread of colds?
A. Because poor people can't afford to go to see a doctor．
B. Because balanced diet has definitely affected poor people．
C. Because people with the lowest income have limited living space．
D. Because cold virus don't have opportunities to travel in poor families．
3.How does the study prove that age plays a part in susceptibility to colds?
A. Using comparison． B. Using graphs．
C. Using description． D. Using argument．
4.What can you learn from the passage?
A. Families with the lowest income suffer less colds than rich families．
B. The general frequency of colds are likely to increase among the poor．
C. Women in their twenties are most likely to avoid cold infections．
D. The general frequency of colds continue to rise into the adults．
Sports and Entertainment Marketing – Entry Level Sales and Advertising Reps
Are you a college graduate?
Are you looking for a career but have little or NO experience?
Are you having a had time getting your foot in a successful, proven firm?
Do you want a chance to test your work ethic, drive, and determination?
We may be just what you are looking for.
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REQUIREMENTS:
* Must be able to start within 2 weeks
* Able to work in a team environment
* Capable of leading and motivating others
* High energy and open to new ideas
* Be able to perform under little guidance
* Great attitude and cool
* Exceptional communication skills
1.Which group of people is the company’s job open to?
A．College graduates. B．Senior sales people.
C．Experienced young people. D．Entertainment and sports lovers.
2.Which of the following words can best describe the company’s environment?
A．Team – based. B．Individual – based.
C．Seniors favored. D．Youngsters favored.
3.Which of the four candidates best qualifies for the job?
A．One who is strong in leadership. B．One who is imaginative.
C．One who is dependent. D．One who is a good listener.
4.What can we infer from the advertisement?
A．The company is new. B．The company is big.
C．The company doesn’t like old people.
D．The company has its unique way of management.
Being the head of a high school for many years, I grew tired of budget meeting, funding cuts, and many other administrative chores (杂务). I started to dream of retirement. Sitting in traffic on a weekday morning, I would find my mind wandering, I would imagine spending time with my grandchildren, quiet evenings with my wife, traveling, or rediscovering some great books. I told myself that I wouldn’t sign myself up for any committees, any classes, or anything requiring a schedule.
My first day of retirement came at last! I cooked a great break fast for my wife and me, leisurely read the paper, cleaned a bit of the house, and wrote a few letters to friends. On the
second day, I cooked breakfast, read the paper … On the third day, … This is retirement? I tried to tell myself that it was just the transition（过渡）, that those golden moments were right round the corner, and that I would enjoy them soon enough, But something was missing.
A former colleague asked a favor. A group of students was going to Jamaica to work with children in the poorest neighborhoods. Would I interrupt my newfound “happiness” and return to the students, just this once? One trip. That’s all, My bags were packed and by the door.
The trip was very inspiring. I was moved not only by the poverty I saw but also by the sense of responsibility of the young people on the trip. When I returned home, I offered to work one day a week with a local youth organization. The experience was so positive that I was soon volunteering nearly full-time, working with students across North America to assist them in their voluntary work.
Now, it seems, the tables have turned. Some days I am the teacher, other days I am the student. These young people have reawakened my commitment (责任感) to social justice issues by challenging me to learn more about the situation in the world today, where people are still poor and suffer because of greed, corruption and war, Most important, they have given me the opportunity to continue to participate in helping to find solutions. In return, I help them do their charitable projects overseas. I’ve gone from running one school to helping oversee the construction of schools in twenty-one countries!
1.What did the writer expect to do after he retired?
A. To stay away from busy schedules. B. To write some great books.
C. To do some voluntary work D. To plan for his future.
2.Why did the writer decide to go to Jamaica?
A. He missed his students in that country. B. He couldn’t refuse his colleague’s favor.
C. He was not satisfied with his retired life. D. He was concerned about the people there.
3.The underlined part “the tables have turned”(Paragraph 5) means that the writer .
A. improved the situation in his school B. felt happy to work with students again
C. became a learner rather than a teacher D. changed his attitude toward his retired life
4.What does the writer think of his retired life now?
A. Disappointing B. Meaningful C. Promising D. Troublesome
CARDIFF, Wales Poets, singers and musicians from across the globe gathered in Wales to celebrate the tradition(传统) of storytelling.
“It might seem strange that people still want to listen in age of watching television, but this is an unusual art form whose time has come again,” said David Ambrose, director of Beyond the Border, an international storytelling festival(节) in Wales.
“Some of the tales, like those the Inuit from Canada, are thousands years old. So our storytellers have come from distant lands to connect us with the distance of time,” he said early this month.
Two Inuit women, both in their mid 60s, are among the few remaining who can do Kntadjait, or throat singing, which has few words and much sound. Their art is governed by the cold of their surroundings, forcing them to say little but listen attentively.
Ambrose started the festival in 1993, after several years of working with those reviving (coming back into use or existence) storytelling in Wales.
“It came out of a group of people who wanted to reconnect with traditions. and as all the Welsh are storytellers, it was in good hands here.” Ambrose said.
1.Ambrose believes that the art of storytelling _______.
A. will be more popular than TV B. will be popular again
C. started in Wales D. are in the hands of some old people
2.From the tales told by the Inuit, people can learn _______.
A. about their life as early as thousands of years ago
B. why they tell the stories in a throat-singing way
C. how cold it has been where the Inuit live
D. how difficult it is to understand the Inuit
3.According to the writer, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Storytelling once stopped in Wales.
B. Storytelling has a long history in Wales.
C. Storytelling is always well received in Wales.
D. Storytelling did not come back until 1993 in Wales.
4.The underlined phrase in good hands means _______.
A. controlled by rich people B. grasped by good storytellers
C. taken good care of D. protected by kind people
请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项的标号涂黑。
After winning a big game，athletes are often asked how they feel．Usually athletes say how 1it is to win this big game．On the contrary，the fact is that losing a big game，or in my case，all the games，can be even harder．
From the spectators’ point of view，last year’s basketball 2for my high school team was nothing 3of an embarrassment．And 40 and 20 is certainly nothing to be proud of，that season had a bigger impact on me than any other．As a team captain，I knew it probably wouldn’t be the 5year，but did I ever think we would lose every game？Of course not．Since six of our top players had graduated，it was clear that we were a (n) 6team who would struggle．The struggle began earlier than expected， 7，as our team center was suspended (禁赛) for the season，and two key members decided to 8for some reason．At this point，dropping out probably passed through every player’s mind，but in the end，we all stuck it out， 9to work still harder．
Then there came a time when even our 10had given up on us．Personally，I felt like it was 11worthwhile giving my all．I thought，if even the coach doesn’t believe in us，why should I？But just as my hope began to 12，a teammate called a meeting．He said，“Nobody thinks we are going to win，but，as teammates and friends，we 13it to each other to go all out every game．”
It was that moment that 14me how to be a leader．It hit me that I certainly didn’t 15the role．As a leader you can never quit 16the team who looks up to you．It is one 17to be named captain，feel great and go through the motions，but it is quite another to be a real captain and make sure everyone realizes their full 18all the time．
I am sure it is great to go through without losing and bringing home awards．But in all honesty，I 19the fact that my team lost every game last year．It may not help me to become a better basketball player，but it already has made me a better leader，and 20．
1.A．exciting B．pleasant C．tough D．significant
2.A．game B．event C．league D．season
3.A．short B．full C．lacking D．sufficient
4.A．as B．while C．since D．now that
5.A．most interesting B．dullest C．most difficult D．easiest
6.A．unique B．adventurous C．young D．untrained
7.A．meanwhile B．though C．instead D．somehow
8.A．quit B．stay C．resign D．rest
9.A．hoping B．swearing C．claiming D．wishing
10.A．fans B．classmates C．sponsor D．coach
11.A．only too B．more than C．not a little D．no longer
12.A．fade B．gain C．destroy D．grow
13.A．owe B．think C．demand D．recommend
14.A．reminded B．told C．taught D．guided
15.A．act B．deserve C．play D．take
16.A．with B．alongside C．on D．for
17.A．matter B．aspect C．issue D．thing
18.A．potential B．goal C．enthusiasm D．confidence
19.A．hate B．treasure C．admit D．recognize
20.A．character B．captain C．person D．figure
