Since the gene, called DAF-16 in worms, was found in many animals and in humans, the finding could open up new ways to affect aging, immunity(免疫)and resistance in humans, the scientists said.
“We wanted to find out how normal aging is being governed by genes and what effect these genes have on other traits, such as immunity,” said Robin May of the University of Birmingham, who led the study.
Populations across the world are aging at a surprising pace, bringing potentially big challenges for health and social care systems. A study by Danish scientists last year found that half of babies born in the rich world today will live to celebrate their 100th birthdays. Scientists are eager to find out how people age to try to develop drugs to help them stay healthier as their lives extend.
“What we have found is that things like resistance and aging tend to go hand in hand,” May said in an interview.
May’s team compared longevity, stress resistance and immunity in four related species of worm. They also looked for differences in the activity of DAF-16 in each of the four species, and found that they were all quite distinct.
May said DAF-16 was active in most cells in the body and was very similar to a group of human genes called FOXO genes, which scientists believe play a role in the aging process.
“The fact that subtle（微妙的）differences in DAF-16 between species seem to have such an impact on aging and health is very interesting and may explain how differences in lifespan and related traits have arisen during evolution,” May said.
1.In which section may the text appear in a newspaper?
A. Education. B. Science. C. Entertainment. D. Culture.
2.What can we know from the third paragraph?
A. New ways have been found to affect aging. B. Babies in the rich world will all live longer.
C. Present social care systems are poorly managed.
D. Aging populations are causing more challenges.
3.From the text we know that DAF-16._________
A. is a gene that is only found in worms B. can make people live longer
C. has an effect on aging and immunity D. has been quite familiar to scientists
4.What can be the best title of the passage?
A. Scientists Find Gene Linked to Aging B. Population Aging Faster than Expected
C. How to Make People Live Longer D. Gene Determines How Long We Live
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Suleman Dawood
S c h o o l o f B u s i n e s s
“Become a part of the community dedicated to excellence and knowledge creation.”
Lahore University of Management Science is a premier institution known for its academic excellence. It offers a diverse range of undergraduate, graduate and doctoral programs in the areas of management, computer science, computer engineering, economics, law and social science.
Suleman Dawood School of Business (SDSB) of the University is recognized as one of the most prestigious(有声望的)business schools in the region. SDSB offers programs at the graduate (MBA, EMBA) and the undergraduate (BSc Accounting and Finance) levels and also offers executive education. The school is now ready to launch a world-class PhD programme.
Faculty (全体员工) Positions Subject Areas
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Why Join LUMS
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Applicants should forward their letter of interest and detailed curriculum vitae（个人简历） with a passport size photograph to the following address:
Convener, SDSB Faculty Search Committee
Suleman Dawood School of Business
Lahore University of Management Science, Opposite Sector U, D.H.A. Lahore, Pakistan
Email: sdsbfacultyjobs@lums.edu.pk URL:www.lums.edu.pk
1.From the text, we can learn that .
A. SDSB is one of the schools in LUMS B. SDSB is known for its academic excellence
C. LUMS is one of the most famous business schools in the region
D. SDSB offers a diverse range of programs in the areas of management
2.Why does SDSB need faculty members?
A. The school is making an expansion thanks to some major sponsorship.
B. The faculty is recruited from the finest universities of the world.
C. The school needs state-of-art teaching and research facilities.
D. The school needs permanent and visiting faculty positions.
3.If you joined LUMS, you would .
A. supply chain management B. have high quality teacher intake
C. get a PhD from a reputed university
D. have the opportunity for professional growth and development
4.What type of article do you think this text is?
A. A news. B. A fiction. C. An advertisement. D. A notice.
It is very important for people to drink water in our everyday life. Many people believe they are supposed to drink eight glasses of water a day, or about two liters. Why? Because that is what they have been told all their life. But a recent report offers some different advice. Experts say people should obey their bodies; they should drink as much water as they feel like drinking. The report says most healthy people meet their daily needs for liquid by letting thirst be their guide. The report is from the Institute of Medicine, part of the National Academies. The report contains some general suggestions. The experts say women should get about 2.7 liters of water daily. Men should get about 3.7 liters. But wait——in each case, that is more than eight glasses.
There is one important difference. The report does not tell people how many glasses of water to drink. In fact, the experts say it may be impossible to know how many glasses are needed to meet these guidelines. This is because the daily water requirement can include the water content in foods. People do not get water only by forcing themselves to drink a set number of glasses per day. People also drink fruit juices and sodas and milk. They drink coffee and tea. These all contain water. Yet some also contain caffeine. This causes the body to expel(排出)more water. But the writers of the report say this does not mean the body loses too much water.
As you might expect, the Institute of Medicine says people need to drink more water when they are physically active. The same is true of those who live in hot climates. Depending on heat and activity, people could need two times as much water as others do. All this, however, does not answer one question. No one seems sure why people have the idea that good health requires eight glasses of water daily.
It may have started with a misunderstanding. In 1945, the National Academy of Sciences published some guidelines. Its Food and Nutrition Board(营养膳食) said a good amount of water for most adults was 2.5 liters daily. This was based on an average of one milliliter(毫升)for each calorie of food eaten. But that was only part of what the board said. It also said that most of this amount is contained in prepared foods.
1.In experts’ opinion, every day a person should drink ____.
A. as much water as he can B. more than eight glasses of water
C. according to actual need for his body D. when he comes in sight of water
2.What is mainly described in the second paragraph?
A. People know about the daily water requirement.
B. People need water instead of all kinds of drink.
C. People get daily water not only from drinking.
D. People drink all kinds of drink every day.
3.Who might drink less water according to the third paragraph?
4.The main purpose of writing the texts is to _______.
A. make a good suggestion of drinking daily B. make clear the requirements to drink daily
C. tell the importance of drinking water daily D. figure out a good amount of water daily
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I believe in miracles(奇迹)because I've seen so many of them．One day，a patient was referred to me who was one hundred and two years old．“There’s a 1in my upper jaw，”she said．“I told my own dentist it's nothing，but he 2I come to see you”
Her eighty-year-old son accompanied her．He would 3to add something，but she stopped him．She wanted to tell everything herself．I found a large cancer that spread over much of the
4of her mouth．A careful examination later 5that it was a particularly bad sort of cancer．
During her next appointment，I explained to her the 6of the problem She clasped my
hand in hers and said，“I know you’re worried about me，but I’m just 7．”
I thought otherwise．After considerable 8on my part，and kindness on her part because she wanted to 9_ me，she agreed to have me refer her to a cancer surgeon．She saw him，but as I expected， 10treatment．
About six months later she returned to my office，still energetic and 11．
“How are you?”I asked．
“I’m just fine，honey，”she responded 12high spirits．“When can I get stared on fixing
my dentures(假牙)?”
Surprised to see her at all，I answered 13，“Let me take a look in your mouth and we’ll
see about it. ”
I couldn’t believe my eyes．The cancer that had 14nearly the entire roof of her mouth was gone—only one small area of redness 15．
I had read of such things happening，but had 16seen them with my own eyes．That was my first miracle．Since then I've seen many others，because they keep getting 17to see．In fact，miracles are daily events for me now．And people are a miracle， 18through them we have a chance to know ourselves and to 19the miracles of one another．
Since my first miracle，I've come to understand that the time and place for a miracle is __20we choose to find it．
1.A．cut B．pain C．wound D．cancer
2.A．declared B．suspected C．promised D．insisted
3.A．refuse B．continue C．attempt D．manage
4.A．roof B．corner C．bottom D．surface
5.A．confirmed B．convinced C．considered D．concluded
6.A．possibility B．importance C．seriousness D．resolution
7.A．old B．sick C．fine D．glad
8.A．permission B．support C．approval D．effort
9.A．persuade B．please C．encourage D．astonish
10.A．declined B．provided C．received D．required
11.A．healthy B．elegant C．optimistic D．humorous
12.A．to B．in C．with D．by
13.A．worriedly B．confusedly C．patiently D．confidently
14.A．covered B．reached C．filled D．grown
15.A．cured B．faded C．expanded D．remained
16.A．ever B．also C．never D．already
17.A．easier B．rarer C．happier D．closer
18.A．or B．so C．yet D．for
19.A．read B．make C．keep D．see
20.A．whatever B．wherever C．whoever D．whichever
—Since you can't find a better way out for the time being，why not follow his advice?
—Oh， ．
A．I believe not B．I might as well C．It doesn't matter D．I don't care
It’s a pity that you leave so soon. It’s been so nice having you here.
A. should B. could C. can D. might
