A new research has uncovered that culture is a determining factor when interpreting facial emotions．The study reveals that in cultures where emotional control is the standard，such as Japan，focus is placed on the eyes to interpret emotions．Whereas in cultures where emotion is openly expressed，such as the United States，the focus is on the mouth to interpret emotion．
“These findings go against the popular theory that the facial expressions of basic emotions can be universally recognized，”said University of Alberta researcher Dr．Takahiko Masuda．“A person's culture plays a very strong role in determining how they will read emotions and needs to be considered when interpreting facial expression．"
These cultural differences are even noticeable in computer emoticons (情感符号)，which are used to convey a writer’s emotions over email and text messaging．The Japanese emoticons for happiness and sadness vary in terms of how the eyes are drawn，while American emoticons vary with the direction of the mouth．In the United States the emoticons ：) and ：--) show a happy face，whereas the emoticons ：( or ：--( show a sad face．However，Japanese tend to use the symbol (＾-＾) to indicate a happy face，and ( ；_；) to indicate a sad face．
“We think it is quite interesting and appropriate that a culture tends to mask its emotions． The Japanese would focus on a person's eyes when determining emotion，as eyes tend to be quite subtle (微妙的)，”said Masuda．“In the United States, where open emotion is quite common，it makes sense to focus on the mouth, which is the most expressive feature on a person's face．”
1.The text mainly tells us that______．
A. cultural differences are expressed in emotions
B. culture is the key to interpreting facial emotions
C. different emoticons are preferred in different cultures，
D．people from different cultures express emotions differently
2.If a Japanese wants to detect whether a smile is, true or false，he will probably______．
A. read the whole face B. focus on the mouth
C. look into the eyes D. judge by the voice
3.People used to believe that___________．
A．some facial expressions of emotions were too complex to be recognized
B．people in the world interpreted basic emotions in different ways
C．people could only recognize the facial expressions of basic emotions；
D．people all’ over the world understood basic emotions in the same way
4.The computer emoticons used by the Americans show that_____________．
A．they express their feelings openly
B．they tend to control their emotions
C．they are good at conveying their emotions
D．they use simpler emoticons to show their feelings
After her parents separated, things at Tami’s house changed. Her mom, was busy working, and Tami became responsible for the house and making meals for herself and her younger sister. Though money was tight, they never went without. They had a nice home in a modest neighborhood. What Tami missed most of all, though, was family.
Tami spent the summer during her ninth grade year working at a park to earn exam spending money. Her job was to organize activities for the kids who spent their summer days at the park. The kids absolutely loved Tami. She was constantly going out of her way to do things for them. She would plan picnics, organize field trips and even buy ice cream for all of them, using her own money. She always did more than the job required, even if it did mean using her own money.
She got to know one little boy who lived in an apartment across the street from the park. His parents both worked at fast – food restaurants, and she knew that they didn’t have much money. The boy talked about his upcoming birthday and the fire truck he wanted so badly. He said he was going to be a fireman some day and needed the truck to practice. He told Tami more details about the truck than she knew a boy truck could have.
The boy’s birthday came and went. The next day when Tami saw the boy, she expected to see a shiny red truck in his arms. When he arrived empty – handed, she asked whether he had got the truck. The boy said no. His parents were going to get it for him later, when things were better. He seemed a little sad.
That week, Tami eased her paycheck and headed for the toy stores. She found the truck easily – after all, from his descriptions, she felt she knew it inside out. She used the money from her paycheck to buy the truck, and then had it wrapped in birthday paper.
1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A. They didn’t need worry too much about their living.
B. Tami’s sister became more responsible.
C. Tami began to earn money.
D. Her mother changed her job.
2.Why did Tami buy the birthday present for the boy using her own money?
A. Because he was poorer than she.
B. Because he was her best friend.
C. Because she wanted him to be a fireman.
D. because she wanted him to feel love around him.
3.What can we learn from the underlined sentence?
A. She knew how much money she would pay.
B. She knew she should check the toy truck inside out.
C. She was fully aware which toy truck the boy wanted.
D. She walked inside and then out of the toy store several times.
4.Which of the following could be the opening sentence of the next paragraph?
A. The next morning, Tami rode to the boy’s house and left the truck at the door.
B. When the boy showed up at the park that day, he was more excited than ever.
C. He showed off his new truck to Tami, and then played with it all day long.
D. That afternoon, the boy’s mom came to the park and walked over to Tami.
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上涂黑。
The sun was shining when I got on No.151 Bus. We passengers sat jammed together in heavy clothes. No one spoke. That’s one of the 1rules. 2we see the same faces every day, we prefer to3behind our newspapers. People who sit so close together are using those thin sheets of newsprint to keep their 4.
As the bus came near the Mile, a 5suddenly rang out “6! This is your driver speaking.” We looked at the back of the driver’s head. “Put your papers down. All of you.” The 7came down. “Now, turn and face the person next to you. Go 8.”
Surprisingly we all did it. Still no one smiled. I faced an older woman, her head wrapped in a red scarf(围巾).I saw her 9every day. Our eyes met We waited for the next 10from the driver. “Now repeat after me. Good morning neighbor!”
Our voice were 11.For many of us, these were the 12words we had spoken that day. But we said them together, like 13, to the strangers beside us. We couldn’t help14.There was the feeling of relief, that we were not being held up（抢劫）. But more, there was the sense of ice being 15. “Good morning, neighbor.” It was not so 16after all. Some of us repeated it, others shook hands, many laughed. The bus driver said nothing more. He didn’t 17to. Not a single newspaper went back up. I heard laughter, a warm sound I had never heard before in 18.
When I reached my stop, I said 19to my seatmate, and then jumped off the bus. That day was 20off better than most.
1.A. unwritten B. strict C. bus D. city
2.A. As B. Because C. When D. Although
3.A. read B. sit C. talk D. hide
4.A. ways B. methods C. respect D. distance
5.A. message B. warning C. suggestion D. voice
6.A. Attention B. Minding C. Help D. Listen
7.A. papers B. passengers C. driver D. tears
8.A. on B. round C. ahead D. down
9.A. still B. nearly C. even D. hardly
10.A. turn B. talk C. order D. remark
11.A. loud B. neat C. slow D. weak
12.A. first B. last C. best D. only
13.A. passengers B. citizens C. patients D. schoolchildren
14.A. shouting B. crying C. smiling D. wondering
15.A. formed B. heated C. broken D. frozen
16.A. sad B. hard C. ordinary D. shy
17.A. need B. want C. like D. begin
18.A. my life B. Bus 151 C. public D. other words
19.A. good morning B. good-bye C. hello D. thanks
20.A. starting B. seeing C. taking D. turning
This problem is said_____ three times at the meeting. However, they haven’t arrived at a conclusion now.
A. to have discussed B. to have been discussed
C. having been discussed D. having discussed
At present there is a fierce debate over the question_______ human cloning should be allowed.
A. that B. whether C. what D. if
You have taken a hell of a risk and suffered a great deal, but you should believe it will ____sooner or later.
A. pay back B. pay up C. pay off D. pay down
