In one of the strongest indications of the power of the mind to influence the body ,a growing collection of evidence finds that people who are depressed have a greatly higher risk of developing heart disease.
In a study of almost 3,000 men and 5,000 women , depressed men were 70 percent more likely to develop coronary (心脏的)heart disease than those who weren’t depressed. While depressed women were just 12 percent more likely to develop heart disease. Those who were severely depressed were 78 percent more likely.In fact ,a 1998 study found that women who are depressed have a risk of dying from heart disease equal to that of women who smoke or who have high blood pressure.
The link works the other way around, too: While about 1 in 20 American adults experience major depression in a given year, that number jumps to about one in three among those who have survived a heart attack.
The more severe the depression, the more dangerous it is to your health .But some studies suggest that even mild depression ,including feelings of hopelessness experienced over many years ,may damage the heart. Other studies suggest depression may affect how well heart disease medications work.
Researchers aren’t sure what the connection between depression and heart disease is, but theories exist. One is that people who are depressed tend not to take very good care of themselves. They’re more likely to eat high –fat ,high-calorie “comfort ”foods ,less likely to exercise ,and more likely to smoke. But beyond lifestyle ,there is probably also a physiological link between depression and heart disease. Recent studies found that people with severe depression tended to have a lack of heart-healthy O-3 fatty acids. People who are depressed also often have high levels of stress hormones (荷尔蒙)These keep the body primed for fight or flight ,raising blood pressure and causing the heart to beat faster, all of which put additional stress on coronary arteries (动脉)and prevent the body’s natural healing mechanisms from working properly.
A whole branch of medicine is devoted to the complex links between mental health ,the nervous system, the hormone system and so on. This science is gradually soring out how the mind- body connection affects us , or defense against heart disease.
Generally, an estimated 10 percent of American adults experience some form of depression every year. Although available treatments can east symptoms (症状) in more than 80 percent of people treated, less than half of those with depression get the help they need .
1.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. Depression -----Heart Disease Risk Factor B. Heart Disease---- Health Killer
C. Depression ---- Mental Health Enemy D. Heart Disease ---- Depression Factor
2.Which statement is NOT true the passage?
A. With high blood pressure,depression is another potential risk to women’s health.
B. Depression,which is mild,can possibly cause damage to your health
C. Most people who experience depression get treated as they should be
D. Depression may have some influence on the function of heart disease medication
3.According to the passage ,the possible connections between heart disease and depression are the following EXCEPT______________
A. Depressed ones tend to eat high fat and high –calories food ,which leads to physical damage to heart
B. Severe heart disease may cause people to feel hopeless and depressed
C. Depression may result in the lack of some kind of acids ,which probably affects the working of people’s heart.
D. People with depression often have a high level of stress hormones ,maybe ,which will put extra pressure on one’s heart.
4.We can infer from the passage that _________
A. More researches will be done to find the certain links between heart disease and depression
B. The percentage of adults with depression is higher than that of depressed adults with heart disease .
C. One’s life style has relatively little relationship with one’s mental health.
D. Those with depression have a higher risk of developing heart disease.
Adults think playing sports is good for children because it is fun and helps children keep in shape and even develop their social skills when they play with others. However, playing sports can have bad effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-esteem(自负) or aggressive（好斗的） behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 20 million out of the 40 million kids who play sports in the US say they have been shouted loudly at or called names while playing sports. Thus, many children think sports are just too aggressive.
Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches whom children usually admire, are the main cause of too much aggression in children's sports. They think children copy aggressive adult behavior that is then further reinforced（加强） through both good and bad feedback(回馈). Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that winning is everything. Children are even taught that hurting other players is acceptable, or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured.
To solve this problem, parents and coaches should act as better examples for children and teach them better values. They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. Instead, they should teach children to enjoy themselves whether they win or not. It is not necessary to knock oneself out to enjoy sports. If people make some basic changes, children might learn to enjoy sports again.
1.What is the main idea of this article?
A. Playing sports can be dangerous to children's health.
B. Playing sports may have some bad results.
C. Adults pay too much attention to winning.
D. Children shouldn't allow themselves to do something bad in sports.
2.What does the underlined idiom "call names" mean?
A. To have a call. B. To give someone a sweet name.
C. To name a person after someone else. D. To be rude to someone with bad words.
3.What is the main cause of more aggressive playing?
A. Adults. B. Children. C. Other players. D. The media.
4.It can be learnt from the text that ___________.
A. you can enjoy sports so long as you win
B. about 50 percent of children had some bad experience while playing sports
C. children seldom copy their parents’ aggressive behavior though respecting them
D. children need to knock the other out to enjoy sports
All her life, my mother wanted busy children. It was very important that her house should be clean and tidy all the time.
You could turn your back for a moment in my mother’s house, leave a half-written letter on the dinning room table, a magazine open on the chair, and turn around to find that my mother had “ put it back where it belonged,” as she explained.
My wife, on one of her first visits to my mother’s house, placed a packet of biscuits on an end table and went to the kitchen to fetch a drink. When she returned, she found the packet had been removed. Confused , she set down her drink and went back to the kitchen for more biscuits, only to return to find that her drink had disappeared. Up to then she had guessed that everybody in my family held onto their drinks so as not to make water rings on the end tables. Now she knows better.
These disappearances had a confusing effect on our family. It was common for one of us, upon returning from the bathroom, to find that every sign of his work in progress had disappeared suddenly.
Now my sister has developed a second-hand love of clean windows, and my brother does the cleaning in his house, perhaps to avoid having to be the one to lift his feet. I try not to think about it too much, but I have at this later time started to dust the furniture once a week.
We have all become busy persons.
1.Which of the following is TRUE about my mother?
A. She enjoyed removing others’ drinks.
B. She became more and more forgetful.
C. She preferred to do everything by herself.
D. She wanted to keep her house in good order.
2.My wife could not find her biscuits and drink in my mother’s house because ________.
A. she had already finished them.
B. my mother had taken them away.
C. she forgot where she had left them.
D. someone in my family was holding them.
3.The underlined part in the fifth paragraph suggests that my sister ________.
A. is happy to clean windows. B. loves to clean used windows.
C. has fallen in love with used windows. D. likes to clean windows as my mother did.
4.This text mainly tells us that ________.
A. my mother often made us confused.
B. my family members had poor memories.
C. my mother helped us to form a good habit.
D. my wife was surprised when she visited my mother.
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白出的最佳选项。
My father woke me up early one summer morning announcing, “Get up. You’re going with me to cut grass.” The idea 1my father actually thought I was big enough to help him in his 2made me feel proud and 3. From sunup to sundown my father, my younger brother and I 4in the large yards in a rich part of Atlanta, Georgia. By the end of the day I was tired out, but felt good. I had 5a hard day’s labour and had earned $6.
One day my father found some leaves I’d 6and pulled me aside. “Clear away these leaves,” he said 7, “and don’t make me have to tell you to do it again.” The 8was clear. Today I value the importance of doing a job 9the first time. It will never 10to impress the person you are working for.
After two years my father told me and my brother that he felt we were 11enough to do lawns(草坪) on our own. Every Saturday , we 12out early in the morning with the same desire and drive we had gained while working 13our father.
Taking care of lawns was not exciting 14high-paying, but that didn’t matter. It taught me that any job is a good job and that 15I was paid was more than I had before.
A newspaper reporter once asked me how someone 16possible live on a forty-hour- a –week minimum(最低的) pay. “My father never worked just forty hours a 17, and neither have I.” I replied. “If you’re only working forty hours, you probably don’t want to do 18better than you’re doing.”
In every job I’ve 19------from doing lawns to washing dishes-----I have learned something that helped me in my next job. If you 20hard enough, you can learn from any job you do.
1.A. what B. that C. which D. why
2.A. farm B. family C. business D. company
3.A. excited B. tired C. troubled D. unpleasant
4.A. played B. excised C. worked D. struggled
5.A. put out B. put down C. put away D. put in
6.A. collected B. cleaned C. missed D. noticed
7.A. finally B. usually C. unexpectedly D. firmly
8.A. news B. message C. information D. word
9.A. right B. quickly C. fast D. wrong
10.A. happen B. seem C. fail D. begin
11.A. strong B. old C. clever D. skilled
12.A. worked B. set C. turned D. figured
13.A. beyond B. without C. under D. like
14.A. and B. and yet C. but D. or
15.A. no matter how B. whatever C. no matter what D. however
16.A. must B. should C. may D. could
17.A. day B. year C. week D. month
18.A. some B. any C. little D. very
19.A. found B. lost C. held D. helped
20.A. see B. look C. try D. enjoy
—Waiter!
—________?
—I can’t eat this. It’s too salty.
A. Yes, sir B. What C. All right D. Pardon
It was ______ back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight when he didn’t go
C. until midnight that he didn’t go D. not until midnight that he went
