Experts say that it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. "Culture shock" is the term specialists use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. "There are three stages of culture shock," say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the laststage, the newcomers begin to adjust to their surroundings and, as a result, enjoy their life more.
There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems the telephone, post office, or transportation may be difficult to work out. The simplest things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult.
Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same established positions. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity（身份）。
They have to build a new self image.
Culture shock gives rise to a feeling of disorientation (迷惘). This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the strange environment, and create and escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience are the long term solutions to the problem of culture shock.
1.The main purpose of the text is____________________
A. to take pity on the homesick
B. to share his feeling about staying abroad
C. to introduce the knowledge of culture shock
D. to encourage and cheer up the culture shock sufferers
2.What does the expression "adjust to" in the first paragragh probably mean?
A. Get used to B. Get tired of C. Protect D. Appreciate
3.If one feels homesick, he should____________________
A. stay inside all the time for safety
B. phone his parents or friends in his home country for comfort
C. work hard to build a new self image
D. get to know the new surroundings and gain experience
4.Which of the following facts about culture shock is true?
A. The successful ones in their community have less difficulty in a foreign environment.
B. Culture shock doesn't include such factors as customs, one's native language and so on.
C. Culture shock gives rise to the feeling of being lost.
D. The specialists going abroad won't experience the stages of culture shock
The largest earthquake ( magnitude里氏 9.5) of the 20th century happened on May 22, 1960 off the coast of South Central Chile.
It generated(生成) one of the most destructive Pacific wide tsunamis(海啸). Near the generating area, both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive, particularly in the coastal area from Concep-cion to the south end of Isla Chiloe. The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe -----the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中). Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25 meters arrived within 10 to 15 minutes after the earthquake, killing at least two hundred people, sinking all the boats, and flooding half a kilometer inland.
There was large damage and loss of life at Concep-cion, Chile's top industrial city. Near the city of Valdivia, the earthquake and following aftershocks generated landslides which killed 18 people. At the port city of Valparaiso, a city of 200,000, many buildings collapsed . A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed one in every three in the earthquake zone and nearly 2,000,000 people were left homeless.
Total damage losses, including to agriculture and to industry, were estimated(估计) to be over a half billion dollars . The total number of death related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region. Estimates of deaths reached between 4,900 to 57,002 with no distinction(差别) as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami. However, it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami.
1.Where did the largest tsunami damage occurred?
A. Concep--cion. B. Isla Chiloe. C. Valdivia D. Valparaiso.
2.What can we learn about the tsunami waves generated by the earthquake?
A. The tsunami waves as high as 25 meters arrived immediately after the earthquake.
B. The tsunami waves killed 200 people and sank all the boats.
C. The tsunami waves were very destructive.
D. The tsunami waves flooded half of the inland.
3.What is the total number of deaths in the earthquake?
A. About 2,000,000. B. Between 4,900 to 57,002.
C. About 200,000. D. It was hard to know.
4.What does the underlined word "collapsed" in the third paragragh probably mean ?
A. was destroyed B. caught fire C. was flooded D. sank
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The persons who can receive the country's highest level university scholarships are students from poor families who have an excellent1. But the University of Science and Technology of Beijing 2even further with its3. This year, they have to be non-drinkers, non-smokers and frugal（节俭）as well. 4who is silly enough to use the scholarship money 5friends to meals could face the hope of having 6taken back.
The assessment process（评估过程）was7. If he wanted to get the money, the person was asked to do two things: 8a short speech about study, campus life, and family conditions; and take part in the question and answer meetings with the organization in charge.
The organization was clear in its decision process and awarded the scholarships to 1 47 students. 9how the money should be spent, however,10differ. Some students say that it's natural, even 11, for a winner to invite friends to a celebration, usually a meal.
The scholarship winners themselves did not seem to agree. "I object to 12the money on a big dinner for friends.13winners who are from poor families should make good use of the money and not 14it," said Si Guangrong, one of the winners, who said she would use it for postgraduate study.
A bit more 15views came from Li Xiao, of the university's Students' Affairs Office:" How they spend the scholarship money is a private matter and they're 16to spend it 17different ways. But they'd better use it properly and in an economic way."
The national scholarship is being 18to 45,000 students each year. The top 10,000 will receive 6,000 yuan,194,000 yuan. 20, students with a national scholarship are not required to pay fees for school.
1.A. record B. paper C. degree D. year
2.A. has got B. has lasted C. has gone D. has been
3.A. achievements B. requirements C. movements D. treatments
4.A. Everyone B. Someone C. No one D. Anyone
5.A. to treat B. to gather C. to pay D. to call
6.A. this B. that C. it D. one
7.A. easy B. difficult C. interesting D. strict
8.A. Read B. Make C. Write D. Show
9.A. As from B. As for C. As yet D. As a whole
10.A. plans B. minds C. designs D. opinions
11.A. special B. unusual C. traditional D. national
12.A. affording B. paying C. costing D. spending
13.A. Especially B. Extremely C. Naturally D. Generally
14.A. waste B. save C. get D. bring
15.A. different B. reasonable C. balanced D. important
16.A. sad B. free C. able D. sorry
17.A. on B. by C. with D. in
18.A. given B. equipped C. provided D. chosen
19.A. the ones B. the students C. the others D. the winners
20.A. In the end B. In addition C. In short D. In all
_____________ difficulties we meet, we can work them out.
A. Whatever B. However C. Wherever D. Whenever
I have to say you came here ten minutes later than ______________.
A. requiring B. to require C. require D. required
All the students______________ in the chemistry lab with their eyes_________ the teacher.
A. are seated; watching carefully B. sat; carefully watching
C. seat; watched carefully D. sit; carefully watched
