Directions: Read the following passage．Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and required words limit．Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Richard Wagner was a German musician who lived in the mid-19th century．He gained fame by writing opera, a form of performance combining singing, music on instruments, and drama.
Wagner’s life and work have been very controversial(有争议的)．While he wrote excellent music, many people think his operas are too dark and serious, lacking tile fun common in operas written before his time.
Wagner, on the other hand, thought the opera of his time was too simple．He wanted to make opera a serious form of art that combined drama and music to tell deep stories that would have a strong effect on the audience.
Some people thought Wagner’s new kind of music was too different from the operas they were used to hearing．Wagner agreed with them．In fact, he didn’t call his works “operas” at all, using instead a German word that means “Musical Festival” or “Musical play”.
While many people today still do not like Wagner’s operas, they cannot deny that Wagner had a lot of influence on opera as a form of art．Wagner invented the tradition of turning off the lights before starting a play．He also was the first person to make the whole audience sit down for an entire play．Today, almost all operas are performed in this manner.
Wagner as a man was even more controversial than Wagner as a writer of music．He hated Jewish people, slept with his friends’ wives, and made many people angry, which we would today think of as evil．Some would say he was a good musician, while others would say that he was a bad musician．But it would be difficult to say he was not an important person in music and in the world.
1.What is the best word that describes Wagner? (no more than one word)
2.What does the underlined word “deep” in Para．3 mean? (no more than 3 words)
3.Why does the author say “Wagner as a man was even more controversial”? (no more than 15 words)
4.List two things that showed Wagner had a lot of influence on opera? (no more than 30 words)
Directions: Read the following passage．Complete the diagram by using the information for the passage．
Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.
United Nations officials say now fewer people than they thought are infected with the AIDS virus.
Last year, the agency known as UNAIDS thought that 39.5 million people were living with HIV．On Tuesday it reduced by 16% to a little more than 33 million.
Agency officials say the low number reflects better information form more countries．The agency reduced the number for five African countries: Angola, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria and Zimbabwe.
Also, UNAIDS says it now believes the number of new HIV cases per year reached a high in the late 1990s at more than three million．This year, it thinks that 2.5 million people became infected, and 2 million people died of AIDS.
Luckily, better treatments are saving lives, and more people are getting the drugs.
Yet even as the number of new infections has dropped, UN officials say AIDS is still one of the leading causes of the death worldwide, and the major cause in Africa．African death rates remain high, they say, because treatment needs are not being met．Sub-Saharan Africa had almost 70% of the new cases of HIV reported this year．UNAIDS officials say this is a sharp reduction since 2001, but there is a need to further improve research method.
Billions of dollars are being spent preventing and treating HIV．Experts worry that the new number may lead to a drop in financial support．But UNAIDS officials say they do not change the need for immediate action and more money．They warn that in some countries, infection rates that were falling are rising again now．
Title: A New Report on (1.) Infections
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(2.) |
Few people are infected with AIDS. |
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(3.) |
u The number has been (4.) a little over 33 million. u HIV infected 2.5 million and (5.) 2 million last year. u The number of infections in five (6.) has fallen. |
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Measure |
To reduce new infections, the organization is supplying more people with better (7.) . |
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(8.) |
u That treatment needs are not being met results in (9.) in Africa. u Because of the new number, some organizations may provide (10.) to the program. u In some countries, the infection rates are rising again. |
SHANGHAI - Health experts in Shanghai are calling for more protection for young children as the latest research shows about half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.
About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in families, 50 percent in public places, and almost 6 percent on public transportation, shows a research released by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center on Tuesday.
"Not only adults but also children and newborn babies are at risk for the adverse effects of passive smoking," said Tang Jingyan, a doctor at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center.
"Actually, those young children whose bodies are still growing and developing are more sensitive to the effects of secondhand smoke."
Research has shown that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke will suffer from more colds, coughs and sore throats, and they are more likely to suffer from bronchitis, pneumonia and will have a higher risk of developing cancer.
Doctors even suggested that children suffering passive smoking are more likely to have behavioral problems and may not develop mentally as quickly as their peers．
Other research by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center has found that more than 80 percent of child patients in the center live in a smoke-filled household, where one or both parents smoke．
"Though doctors have stressed the harm of passive smoking over and over, it is still hard to reach a totally 'smoke free' home," said a pediatrician named Zhang Yiwen, noting that parents are often tempted to smoke even though they have learned the harmful effects of secondhand smoke.
China has 540 million people suffering from passive smoke, 180 million of them younger than 15．The age of smokers is also getting lower, earlier reports said.
"There are more young smokers than before．You can see young people wearing a school uniform and carrying a schoolbag light a cigarette on the street．Some of them are even female students," said Jing Xingming, a professor of children's developmental behavior at the center.
"Children like to imitate adults, especially their parents．If parents often smoke at home, it is very likely children will develop a smoking habit, which can cause a vicious circle," Jin said.
Reports from the Ministry of Health said China has about 350 million smokers, of whom 15 million are underage smokers．Also, around 40 million of the country's 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried smoking, and 15 million had become addicted to tobacco.
1.What is the main idea of the passage?
A．About half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.
B．Experts are calling for more protection for youngsters from smoking.
C．More and more youngsters are picking up the habit of smoking.
D．Smoking does great harm to the health of the youngsters.
2.What kind of the youngsters most possibly develop a habit of smoking?
A．Children of non-smoking mothers. B．Children of non-smoking fathers.
C．Children of heavy smokers. D．Children from some smoking centers.
3.Which of the following disease may not be connected with secondhand smoking?
A．Cancer. B．Behavioral problems. C．Sore throats. D．Coughs.
4.The underlined word “vicious” in the last paragraph but one most probably means ___________.
A．complete B．simple C．great D．bad
5.What can be inferred from the passage?
A．About 80% of the children in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center smoke heavily.
B．About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center.
C．About 540 million people are heavy smokers in China.
D．Children aged between 13 to 18 are more likely addicted to smoking.
Swedish master medical photographer Lennart Nilsson is a pioneer in medical photography．In association with researchers and with the help of advanced, specially designed equipment, he has documented the inside of man down to the level of a cell with his camera.
Born in Strängnäs, a satellite city of Stockholm, in 1922, Nilsson got his first camera from his father when he was 11 years old．From the early stage, he has been interested in looking at ants and taking photos of them.Throughout the years, he has devoted special attention to capturing the creation of a human being, from conception to birth.
In 2006 when his photo book Life was published in both Swedish and English, he was invited to give a lecture at the Stockholm bookstore．He vividly described to the public how he took the photos so that the development process of the embryo can be understood better．Finally when he was signing his name in the book, I asked him what made him so passionate about working on this, he stopped writing and thought for a second, “I think it is the respect for life,” Nilsson said.
Nilsson began his career as a photographic journalist in the middle of the 1940s and published a number of photo-essays in Swedish and foreign magazines, including "Polar Bear Hunting in Spitzbergen" (1947) and Midwife.
“When I went to the professor to take the embryo photo, I was looking around and then I saw something which was unbelievable, it was a tiny human embryo lies in a very special place, a 10-20 millimeter embryo with hands, arms and eyes, and I got a shock,” Nilsson said.
Nilsson began experimenting with new photographic techniques in the mid-1950s to report on the world of ants and life in the sea．His revealing macro-studies were published in his book on ants, Myror (1959), and in the Life in the Sea (1959), and in Close to Nature (1984)．In the 1960s special designed, very slim endoscopes (内窥镜))made it possible for him to photograph the blood vessels and the cavities (空洞) of the body with the necessary depth of field and, in 1970, he used a scanning electron microscope for the first time, he was also considered the pioneer for three dimension digital pictures of the body organs.
After his photographs of human embryo were published, he was encouraged to continue photographing the origins of human being.
Nilsson is very modest and sincere．At age of nearly 88, he is still cooperating with colleagues in Karolinska Institute where the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is selected every year.
“He can forget all the other things when he is working and he is still working diligently,” Mrs Nilsson told People’s Daily Online.
1.Why does Nilsson want to document the creation of a human being?
A．Because he is a pioneer in medical photography.
B．Because he has been interested in taking photos.
C．Because he thinks it a way to show respect for life.
D．Because he wished to win a Nobel Prize.
2.What can we learn from the passage?
A．Nilsson was the only expert in medical photography.
B．Nilsson’s camera is specially designed.
C．Nilsson’s photo book Life is better received than his other books.
D．Nilsson has always been working alone．
3.How many books written by Nilsson are mentioned in this passage?
A．3． B．4. C．5. D．6.
4.Which of the following word can Not be used to describe Nilsson?
A．Passionate. B．Devoted. C．Forgetful. D．Dillgent.
5.What can be the title for the passage?
A．Nilsson, a pioneer medical photographer.
B．Nilsson, a pioneer medical publisher
C．Nilsson, a person of rich experience
D．Nilsson, a talented photographer
Tayka Hotel De Sal
Where: Tahua, Bolivia
How much: About $95 a night
Why it’s cool: You’ve stayed at hotels made of brick or wood, but salt? That’s something few can claim．Tayka Hotel de Sal is made totally of salt—including the beds (though you’ll sleep on regular mattresses (床垫) and blankets)．The hotel sits on the Salar de Uyuni, a prehistoric dried-up lake that’s the world’s biggest salt flat．Builders use the salt from the 4,633-square-mile flat to make the bricks, and glue them together with a paste of wet salt that hardens when it dries．When rain starts to dissolve the hotel, the owners just mix up more salt paste to strengthen the bricks.
Green Magic Nature Resort
Where: Vythiri, India
How much: About $240 a night
Why it’s cool: Ridding a pulley(滑轮)-operated lift 86 feet to your treetop room is just the start of your adventure．As you look out of your open window—there is no glass!—you watch monkeys and birds in the rain forest canopy．Later you might test your fear of heights by crossing the handmade rope bridge to the main part of the hotel, or just sit on your bamboo bed and read．You don’t even have to come down for breakfast—the hotel will send it up on the pulley-drawn “elevator”.
Dog Bark Park Inn B&B
Where: Cottonwood, Idaho
How much: $92 a night
Why it’s cool: This doghouse isn’t just for the family pet．Sweet Willy is a 30-foot-tall dog with guest rooms in his belly．Climb the wooden stairs beside his hind leg to enter the door in his side．You can relax in the main bedroom, go up a ffew steps ot the loft in Willy’s head, or hang out inside his nose．Cotta “go”(想要方便一下)? Although you have a full private bathroom in your quarters, there is also a toilet in the 12-foot-tall fire hydrant outside.
Gamirasu Cave Hotel
Where: Ayvali, Turkey
How much: Between $130 and $475 a night.
Why it’s cool: This is caveman cool! Experience what it was like 5,000 years ago, when people lived in these mountain caves formed by volcanic ash．But your stay will be much more modern．Bathrooms and electricity provide what you expect from a modern hotel, and the white volcanic ash, called tufa, keeps the rooms cool, about 65℉in summer．(Don’t worry—there is heat in winter.)
1.Which of the following about Tayka Hotel de Sal is true?
A．The hotel is the cheapest among the four mentioned.
B．Everything in the hotel is made of salt.
C．It is on an island in the Pacific Ocean.
D．It is located on a prehistoric lake.
2.What is the similarity of the four hotels?
A．Being expensive. B．Being beautiful. C．Being natural. D．Being unique.
3.What does the underline part “Sweet Willy” refer to?
A．The building of Dog Bark Park Inn B&B.
B．The name of a pet dog of the hotel owner.
C．The name of the hotel.
D．The name of the hotel owner.
4.Which of the hotel makes you have a feeling of living in the far past?
A．Tayka Hotel De Sal B．Green Magic Nature Resort
C．Dog Bark Park Inn B&B D．Gamirasu Cave Hotel
5.What may be the purpose of the writer writing the passage?
A．To show his wide knowledge. B．To introduce some interesting hotels.
C．To develop business in tourism. D．To attract attention from the readers.
On the first day of classes at a Los Angeles high school, several American boys came up to a Chinese boy and said: “Hi, what’s up?” 1.hearing their greeting, the boy, 2.had just moved to the US with his parents, raised his head and looked at the sky.
This is a story told by David Chen, 3.31-year-old actor in Taiwan who recently launched a Sina mini-blog, on which he teaches easy English expressions.
“ 4.me, the mini-blog is like a mirror．When I read the comments, I see myself more clearly.”
Chen made a breakthrough last year 5.he had a double-eyelid surgery．“I like making changes and I think it’s necessary,” he said．“I know many fans like my pretty boy image．But now I’m growing up, I want to look rougher and 6.mature.”
“When you have a new haircut, you do not need to explain it．__7.___ is just like changing your mood to do so–if you feel happy, that’s great,” said Chen．“Young people should realize
that sometimes you can just do what you want to do．You will eventually get support from others if you dare to be 8..”
