For many in the United States,Arab-Americans are an invisible part of the population．Though Arab-Americans as a community have made great contributions to American society in fields from literature to politics to medicine,many Americans know very little about Americans of Arab backgrounds．
Arab history in the United States goes back to the late 1800’s when large numbers of Arab immigrants first began making their journey to a land known simply as“Amreeka”．
Historians generally describe Arab immigration to America in two waves．The first wave took place between 1860 and 1924．The first wave consisted of Lebanese and Syrian,and some Egyptian immigrants．These new immigrants,who were mostly Christian,came to America in search of better opportunities．Even the doomed Titanic,which set sail for America in 1912,had close to a hundred Arab passengers aboard．The majority of Arab-Americans today are descendents of the first wave of immigrants;they are the third or more generation Americans．
The second wave of immigrants followed after World War Ⅱ,caused by political unrest in the Middle East．This second wave of immigrants consists of mainly Arab Muslims（穆斯林）and continues to this day．
Arab-Americans make up 3 million of the population in the United States,according to demographers．And quite different from popular belief,64 percent of them are American-born．Eighty-two percent of Arab-Americans are US citizens．
Arab-Americans are beyond the national average in both education and income．Education is important among Arab-Americans;82 percent have high school diplomas,36 percent have bachelor’s degrees or higher,and 15 percent have graduate degrees．The-median（中位数的） average income among Arab-Americans is $39 580,which is higher than the US average．
1.What would be the best title for the text?
A．Arabs in America． B．The Two Arab Immigration Waves to America．
C．Arab-Americans,Contributions to America．
D．Arab-Americans,Education and Income．
2.The first wave of immigrants took place because______．
A．all Arabs were Christian at that time
B．Arabs wanted to hunt for a better development
C．the Second World War broke out
D．Arabs wanted to gain higher income
3.The writer of this passage mentioned Titanic______．
A．to tell us that taking ship at that time was dangerous
B．because Titanic became a well-known disaster
C．to show us there were many Arabs flocking into America at that time
D．to inform us that Arabs are brave enough
4.From the last paragraph we can infer that______．
A．Arab-Americans are much more clever than native Americans
B．Arab-Americans are hard-working people
C．the higher education you receive,the higher income you will get in America
D．Arab-Americans play the most important role in the American average in both education and income
In history,a real cowboy was a simple farm worker on horseback．He spent a long time a day outdoors working with cows．The work was dirty,tiring and not very well paid．
People in the western states had to __1__ cattle at low cost and send them by railway to the eastern __2__．But someone had to __3__ the cattle and get them to the nearest railroad．This was the job of a cowboy．Sometimes the __4__ was more than a thousand kilometers away and it could take as __5__ as six months to move the cattle．The __6__ was long but the cattle were driven __7__ as not to lose __8__．Then they could be sold at a good price．
Most cowboys were young, __9__ men．A good horse _10__ their job of moving cattle much easier．A good cowboy __11__ cows and knew how to control them．At night,he __12__ to the cows to keep them calm．
In the late 1800s,America was changing from a nation of farm to one of __13__ and cities．The cowboy seemed __14__ compared with other Americans doing ordinary jobs．
Today,the __15__ of cowboys has __16__ greatly．One change is the use of trucks．The job is not so hard __17__ it used to be．And cowboys are better __18__ now．They are _19__ to be married．Some of them are farmers or teachers or truck drivers．Some work for big companies．
__20__ at night and on weekends,they become cowboys．These part-time cowboys increase the total production of meat,keeping the beef price low．
1.A．get B．buy C．sell D．raise
2.A．markets B．countries C．cities D．stories
3.A．deal with B．find out C．look after D．pay off
4.A．road B．railroad C．state D．farm
5.A．good B．much C．long D．far
6.A．journey B．trip C．tour D．travel
7.A．hurriedly B．smoothly C．slowly D．carefully
8.A．mind B．direction C．head D．weight
9.A．unmarried B．proud C．strong D．educated
10.A．had B．made C．found D．helped
11.A．recognized B．understood C．owned D．kept
12.A．whispered B．shouted C．cried D．sang
13.A．towns B．factories C．companies D．villages
14.A．free B．brave C．easy D．pleased
15.A．manner B．job C．life D．mind
16.A．changed B．developed C．improved D．realized
17.A．that B．as C．which D．what
18.A．known B．paid C．treated D．dressed
19.A．afraid B．eager C．worried D．likely
20.A．Because B．And C．When D．But
．She insisted that she ______ not guilty , but we insisted that she ____ into prison
A．was; be put B．be ; was put
C．should be; was put D．was; should put
2．I found her nice and honest ____ I saw her．
A．for the first time B．the first time
C．on the first time D．at first
I have ______ my husband again and again not to smoke , but I can’t ______ him．
A．persuaded, advise B．advised, persuade
C．suggested, persuade D．suggested, advise
He asked Mary whether she had passed the exam ________．
A．yesterday B．the day before C．the day ago D．before the day
