Almost every child is scared of something, from monsters in the cupboard to dogs in the park. But the fact that such fears are common and normal doesn’t mean they can be taken lightly. Kids experience fears and phobias(恐惧症) much more strongly than adults. And the influence of the fear can be physical as well as psychological(心理的). It can build up so they almost seem scared of everything－a kind of childhood anxiety. Dr. Creswell says: “Your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence in his or her ability to deal with any challenge.” So don’t make the same old mistake of treating them as if they’re silly for being a “scaredy cat”. Handling the fears is essential.
Children can be born nervous and, if you have such a baby, you’ll tend to prevent them from getting worried. So if they fear dogs, you’ll keep them away from dogs, but in fact that can just confirm to the child that dogs are scary. What is worse, keeping your child away from what they fear can turn that feeling into a phobia. Instead, you should encourage them to get in touch with the thing they fear, in a safe and supportive environment. Dr. Andy Field, a researcher of childhood fears, says: “You shouldn’t force, for example, a dog anxious child to go up to a dog. But you can approach it yourself, show them there is nothing to be afraid of, stroke(抚摸) it, and talk about the dog being friendly. Once your child dares to stroke a dog－one that’s good with children, of course－then you should encourage them to carry on until they feel calmer, and reward them for ‘being brave’.”
1.Children’s fears are usually taken lightly because __________.
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A．they will not develop into phobias |
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B．their influence is psychological |
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C．they exist widely in the world |
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D．they will disappear gradually |
2.If we fail to help children to overcome fears, they will ___________.
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A．make the same old mistake |
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B．overcome them by themselves |
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C．experience the worst of things |
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D．grow up lacking self confidence |
3.According to Dr. Andy Field, if a child is afraid of a cat, parents should __________.
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A．tell the child not to be afraid of it |
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B．show the child how to approach it |
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C．keep the child away from it |
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D．ask the child to stroke it |
How can a creature weighing over 5 tons and normally taking 150 kilograms of food and 120 liters of water per day survive in a desert environment?
In the southwest African country of Namibia, and the Sahara lands of Mali further north, the desert elephant does just that.
Although not regarded as a separate species from the African elephant, the desert cousin differs in many ways. Their bodies are smaller, to absorb less heat, and their feet are larger for easier walking across sandy surfaces, They are taller, to reach higher branches. They have shorter tusks（象牙）, and most importantly, longer trunks to dig for water in riverbeds.
Desert elephants can travel over 70 kilometers in search for feeding grounds and waterholes, and have a larger group of families. They drink only every 3 –4 days, and can store water in a “bag” at the back of their throat, which is only used when badly needed. Desert elephants are careful feeders – they seldom root up trees and break fewer branches, and thus maintain what little food sources are available. Young elephants may even eat the dung（粪便）of the female leader of a group when facing food shortage.
During drought they are unlikely to give birth to their young but with good rains the birthrate will increase greatly. Desert elephants have sand baths, sometimes adding their own urine（尿液）to make them muddy!
As we continue to overheat our weak planet, it can only be hoped that other animal species will adapt as extraordinarily well to change as the desert elephant.
1.The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means “ ”.
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A．remains in the African countries |
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B．drinks 120 liters of water a day |
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C．manages to live in desert areas |
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D．eats 150 kilograms of food daily |
2.Desert elephants are called careful feeders because they _________.
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A．rarely ruin trees |
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B．drink only every 3-4 days |
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C．search for food in large groups |
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D．protect food sources for their young |
3.The author answers the question raised in the first paragraph with __________.
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A．stories and explanation |
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B．facts and descriptions |
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C．examples and conclusion |
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D．evidence and argument |
4.What can be inferred from the last sentence in the passage?
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A．Overheating the earth can be stopped. |
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B．Not all animal species are so adaptable. |
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C．The planet will become hotter and hotter. |
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D．Not all animals are as smart as desert elephants. |
阅读下列各小题，根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。
31．They sat together around the table , with （门关着）.（shut）
32．I haven’t the slightest idea （他正在说什么）.（talk）
33．The fact （他失败了数次）makes him very upset. （he , fail ）
34．Last night , John was answering the letters that （寄给他的）during the past two weeks . （arrive）
35．He believes that children （应允许……学习）at their own pace ; （allow）
36．She has an excellent （对名字的记忆力），which helps her quite a lot in her work . （memory）
37． （他是否出过国）doesn’t make much difference . （he，abroad）
38．The factory’s output of cars this year is （大约是去年的三倍）.（as，great）
39．Not only （要帮助）the disabled to find jobs , but also medical treatment will be provided for those who need it . （give）
40．It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked to the stones ; he （可能参与）in planning the monument , or in helping transport and pull up the stones . （hand）
Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature , thus creating a environment .
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A．peaceful |
B．sensitive |
C．common |
D．stable . |
If the firms failed to make enough money , they would .
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A．close down |
B．call off |
C．turn down |
D．set off |
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
1._ One of the best things you can possibly do is to start you own club. It’s great fun especially if you are the sort of person who feels there’s never anything to do during the school holidays.
The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club. 2. Pets, clothes, pop music or dancing groups, sports, making things? The list is endless.
Next you need some friends to be in your club with you. _3._ All you need is three or four other people who are interested in the same thing as you.
4.You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up. That’ll keep you busy for ages.
At your first meeting you should make up a rule book. And the first rule should be no grown-ups or little/big brothers or sisters! The best clubs are always secret!
Now you have just about everything you need, except membership cards. These are very important and again you can speed a lot of time making them.5.Why not leave some space for a photo of yourself? That will make the membership card really look like it.
So there you are, get clubbing! Once you get started you’ll think of loads of more interesting things to do!
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A．That’s easy. |
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B．Enjoy your own club! |
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C．Invite a designer to join you. |
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D．What are you interest in? |
E. Some vacation is just around the corner.
F. Then you need to pick a name for your club.
G. Use a bright thick pen to make a special design.
