The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruits and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say that when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provisions to supply the missing vitamins.
An example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as “beri-beri”, which used to make large numbers of Eastern people who lived mainly on rice suffer. In the early years of last century, a Dutch scientist named Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beri-beri. At first he thought it was transmitted（传播）by a germ（病菌）. He was working in a Japanese hospital, where the patients were fed on polished rice which had had the outer coverings removed from the grain. It was thought this would be easier for weak and sick people to digest.
Eijkman thought his germ theory was proved when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on remains from the patients’ plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to separate the germ, which he thought was causing the disease, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who ordered that the rice without coverings, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be recooked for the patients, and the chickens should be fed on cheap, rough rice with the outer coverings still on the grain.
Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unmilled rice（糙米）somehow prevented or cured beri-beri — even that a lack of some ingredient（成分）in the coverings may be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beri-beri was shortly afterwards separated from rice coverings and is now known as vitamin B. The milled rice, though more expensive, was in fact causing the disease the hospital was trying to cure. Nowadays, this terrible disease is much less common thanks to our knowledge of vitamins.
1.According to the passage, a good mixed diet ________.
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A．is suitable for losing weight |
B．should be only fruits and vegetables |
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C．normally contains enough vitamins |
D．is often difficult to arrange |
2.What do we know about the disease beri-beri?
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A．It killed large numbers of people. |
B．It resulted from lack of vitamins. |
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C．It was transmitted by milled rice. |
D．It was caused by diseased chickens. |
3.What can be the best title of the passage?
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A．A Good Mixed Diet |
B．New Discovery |
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C．The Dangers of Beri-beri |
D．The Importance of Vitamins |
When we found him, he was a sorry sight. His clothes were torn, his hands bleeding. Before we reached him, we saw him fall. He lay a moment. Then he pulled himself to his feet, walked unsteadily a few yards through the woods and fell again.
After we got him out, we went back to find the gun that he had thrown down. His tracks showed that for two days he had circled in the forest, within 200 yards of the road. His senses were so dulled by fear and tiredness that he did not hear the cars going by or see the lights at night.
We found him just in time.
This man, like others before him, had simply been frightened when he knew he was lost. What had been a near disaster might have turned out as only a pleasant walk, if he had made a few preparations before he stepped from the highway or off a known path.
Whatever sense of direction that a man may have, it’s still largely a question of observation. A skilled woodsman always keeps an eye on his surroundings. He notes the shape of a mountain, the direction water flows through a swamp, and the way a tree leans across a path. With these in mind, he is still likely to turn around many times, but he is seldom lost.
There are exceptions, of course, and once in a while a man does come across some strange problem that puts him into the “lost” situation. A rainstorm or sudden blizzard may catch him without a compass in his pocket. Darkness may find him in a rough area, where travel is dangerous without a light.
When this happens, the normal first reaction is the fear of being laughed at as a result of his poor knowledge in the woods. He may also be concerned about the inconvenience that he will cause his friends when he doesn’t show up. This false pride may lead him to keep on the move in a false effort to find his way against all difficulties.
The person who thinks ahead is seldom in great danger. He’ll be safe if he observes carefully, thinks ahead, and remains calm.
1.The writer suggested that if the man had not been found, he would have ______.
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A．been shot by a gun |
B．become confused |
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C．been attacked by wild animals |
D．been in great danger |
2.According to the text, if a person gets lost in the forest, at the very beginning, he would _____.
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A．worry about being laughed at |
B．push himself to find his way out |
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C．feel it is convenient to ask for help from his friends |
D．feel sorry that he didn’t study hard enough |
3.When a person tries to find his way in the woods, ________ is the most important.
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A．intelligence |
B．observation |
C．direction |
D．chance |
4.The writer tells the story of the lost man as an example of people who_______.
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A．go into the woods by themselves |
B．don’t know how to signal for help properly |
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C．are frightened when they think they are lost |
D．keep their head when they are in trouble |
—Thank you for picking me up in this remote area!
—_______. I’m just going in the same direction.
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A．With pleasure. |
B．None of your business. |
C．Take it easy. |
D．Think nothing of it. |
—How did you like Nick’s performance last night ?
—To be honest, his singing didn’t ________to me much.
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A．appeal |
B．belong |
C．refer |
D．occur |
The conflict between Gadhafi’s government army and the rebels in Libya made ______ difficult for the foreigners to leave the country.
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A．so |
B．much |
C．that |
D．it |
Although ________ about her fatness, she showed great confidence on the stage.
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A．teasing |
B．being teased |
C．teased |
D．to be teased |
