Compared to people with bad attitudes，people who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds，according to a new study.“It’s possible that being upbeat helps the body fight illnesses，” says Sheldon Cohen，the study’s lead researcher from Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) in Pittsburgh.
In a previous（先前的） study，Cohen and his colleagues put coldcausing viruses into the noses of 334 healthy adults. People who tended to be cheerful and lively were least likely to develop sniffles，coughs，and other cold symptoms. People who showed positive feelings were also less likely to mention symptoms to their doctors，even when medical tests detected those symptoms.
Those findings were interesting，but they didn’t prove that a person’s attitude affects whether he or she gets sick. Instead，it was still possible that a person’s underlying personality is what matters. Evidence suggests，for instance，that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing and optimistic，with high selfesteem and a sense of control over life. This would mean that who we are，not how we feel，ultimately decides our chances of catching colds.
To figure out which mattered more (personality or emotions)，the CMU team interviewed 193 healthy adults. The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks. At the end of the interviewing period，people got nose drops that contained either cold or flu viruses. Then，each person stayed in an isolated room for 5 or 6 days. The results showed that everyone in the study was equally likely to get infected. Their symptoms，however，differed depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the previous 2 weeks. Among those who reported good moods and had been infected with the flu virus，for example,28 percent developed coughs and stuffy noses. On the other hand，those symptoms struck 41 percent of people who had been less upbeat.
1.
What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Smiles Turn away Colds
B．An Interesting Way to Beat Colds
C．Be Outgoing and Optimistic to Fight Colds
D．What Matters More，Personality or Emotions?
2.
In the previous study，people who showed positive feelings______.
A．didn’t catch colds as often
B．developed cold symptoms more slowly
C．were less likely to have cold symptoms detected
D．were less likely to feel cold symptoms
3.
What mainly decides our chances of catching colds according to the new study?
A．Personality. B．Selfesteem（自尊）. C．Emotions. D．Attitudes.
4.
The underlined word “symptoms” probably means________.
A．something that causes cold
B．something that results in cold
C．signs that something exists，especially something bad
D．changes in your body or mind that show that you are not healthy
Agnes Miller was one of the earliest leaders of the Women’s Liberation Movement in the United States. She was born on a farm in Missouri in 1892. Strangely enough she had a very happy life as a child. She was the only daughter and the youngest child of five. Her parents and her brothers always treated her as their favorite.
In 1896 the family moved to Chicago. Three years later they moved back to St. Louis where Agnes spent the rest of her childhood. She enjoyed her years in school and was an excellent student of mathematics. She also was quite skillful as a painter.
It was when Agnes went off to college that she first learned that women were not treated as equals. She didn’t like being treated unequally but she tried not to notice it. After graduating from college she tried to get a job in her major field—physics. She soon found it was almost impossible for a woman.
Agnes spent a full year looking for a job. Finally she gave up in anger. She began writing letters of anger to various newspapers. An editor in New York liked her ideas very much. He specially liked her style. He asked her to do a series of stories on the difficulties that women had in finding a job. And there she began her great fight for equal rights for women.
1.
Where did Agnes spend her childhood?
A. Missouri. B. Chicago. C. New York. D. St. Louis and Chicago.
2.
At school, Agnes was good at .
A. physics and painting B. maths and painting
C. writing and maths D. physics and writing
3.
What happened in Agnes’s life when she was in college?
A. She learned to accept the fact that men and women were unequal.
B. She learned that it was impossible for a woman to be a scientist.
C. She came to know of the inequality between men and women.
D. She developed her personal way of writing.
“Few things help an individual more than to place responsibility upon him，and let him know that you trust him.” These words are from the black American educator，Booker Washington. He was saying that，“If you want people to grow up，you have to stop treating them like children.”
In America，families are close but children are encouraged to be independent，to make their own decisions，even at a very early age. It’s not unusual for a child of seven to be given an allowance (津贴) every week. The child is encouraged to save some of the money but he or she can spend it on whatever they choose，for example，buying clothes，school supplies or CDs. Some teenagers even have their own credit cards！That’s a big responsibility since even adults are tempted to overspend when they have credit cards（信用卡）.
From an early age，American children are asked for their opinions and they are included in family decisionmaking. At the dinner table，teenagers will be listened to on any topic，from politics to buying a new family car or where the family will go on vacation. In this way，teenagers are getting practice in becoming individuals：they are learning how to stand on their own two feet.
Many Chinese young people are becoming almost as interested as American teens in searching for independence. They want to express those qualities that make them unique human beings. You can see this in the way they dress，the music they listen to and the friends they choose.“Super Girl” Li Yuchun caught the imagination of Chinese teenagers on the “Super Girl” television contest. She was not the traditional “nice，young Chinese girl”．With her short，spiky hair and boylike clothes，she was telling everyone that she was different. She had the courage to be her own person and to stand on her own two feet...and she won!
There is an old saying，“Everyone should carefully observe which way his heart draws him and then choose that way with all his strength.” If you do this，step by step，over a period of time，you may find that you have become the person you always wanted to be.
1.
The passage is intended to encourage the youth to________.
A．save money for useful things B．become independent
C．express their great ambitions D．make important decisions
2.
A child of seven is given an allowance so that he can______.
A．be accepted as a popular guy B．learn to decide how to use money
C．overspend money without care D．have school supplies of his own
3.
The author implies that many Chinese children________.
A．are more independent than Americans
B．should become interested in America
C．are happy with their present situation
D．are not satisfied to be nice，quiet ones
4.
The main idea of the last paragraph is________.
A．that we should do things step by step
B．why we should understand our desires
C．what we should plan for our own life
D．how we can manage to realize our dreams
An old man who lived in a small back street of my hometown had to tolerate（忍受） the nuisance（讨厌的人或事） of boys playing football and making a lot of noise outside his house at night.
One evening when the boys were particularly_21__，he went out to talk to them. He explained that he had just retired(退休) and was_22__when he could see or hear boys playing his_23_game，football. He would_24_ give them ￥25 each week to play in the street at night. The boys got_25_，for they could hardly believe_26_they were being paid to do something they__27_.
The first two weeks had passed，the boys came to the old man’s house，and went away__28__with their 25 Yuan. The third week when they came back，__29__，the old man said he hadn’t had much money__30__himself and sent them away with only 15 Yuan. The fourth week，the man said he had not yet 31 his paycheck from the government and gave them only 10 Yuan. The boys were very disappointed，but there was__32__much that they could do about it.
At the__33_of the fifth week，the boys came back and__34_at the old man’s door，waiting for their_35_.Slowly，the door opened and the old man appeared. He_36_that he could not afford to pay them 25 yuan_37_he had promised，but said he would give them 38 yuan each week without fail.
This was really too much for the boys. “You expect us to play seven days a week for only five yuan！” they yelled.“__39__！”
They stormed away and 40 played on the street again.
1. A. hot B．noisy C．troublesome D．naughty
2. A. happiest B．excited C．encouraged D．bored
3. A. interesting B．amusing C．acceptable D．favorite
4. A. more ever B．therefore C．willingly D．forever
5. A. shouted B．cried C．excited D．smiled
6. A. how B．when C．that D．what
7. A. expected B．enjoyed C．admired D．respected
8. A. happily B．thankfully C．gratefully D．tearfully
9. A. but B．in addition C．however D．besides
10. A. earned B．saved C．remained D．left
11. A. received B．accepted C．paid D．given
12. A. not B．no C．so D．very
13. A. final B．end C．start D．beginning
14. A. kicked B．hit C．beat D．knocked
15. A. rewards B．awards C．checks D．wages
16. A. expressed B．apologized C．stated D．expected
17. A. as B．like C．when D．though
18. A. 5 B．10 C．15 D．20
19. A. No way B．No possible C．No problem D．No play
20. A. ever B．never C．still D．keep
Mr. Smith, _____ of the ______ speech, started to read a novel.
A. tired ; boring B. tiring ; bored C. tired ; bored D. tiring ; boring
---The light in the office is still on.
--- Oh, I forgot _______.
A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turning it off
