Europe's first major university department to promote research into government and public policy will open in Oxford under new plans．
In a hugely significant move, Oxford University will create a new school of government in 2012 following a ￡75 million donation by Leonard Blavatnik, the American industrialist and philanthropist（慈善家）．The school is intended to train outstanding graduates from across the world in the skills and responsibilities of government．The move is being backed by world leaders including Nelson Mandela, Bill Clinton and Kofi Annan．
Andrew Hamilton, Oxford's vice - chancellor, said: "The school represents a huge milestone in Oxford's history．It will give tomorrow leaders the best of Oxford's traditional strengths alongside new and practical ways of understanding and meeting the challenges of good governance．
"The university has educated 26 British Prime Ministers and over 30 other world leaders, yet until how the major international schools of government have all been outside Europe, principally in the United States．"
Under plans, the Blavatnik School of Government will provide a series of practical courses leading to a Master's degree．It will cover a range of subjects including the humanities, social sciences, law, science, technology, health, finance, energy and security policy．
Oxford said Mr Blavatnik's donation was one of the most generous in the university' s 900 year history The university itself will be investing an additional ￡26m in the school, as well as land in the Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, where the school will be located．
Lord Patten, Oxford's chancellor, said: "This is a once - in - a - century opportunity for Oxford through the Blavatnik donation, Oxford will now become the world's leading centre for the training of future leaders in government and public policy - and in ways that take proper account of the very different additions, institutions and cultures that those leaders will serve．It is an important moment for the future good government throughout the world．"
1.What is the text mainly about?
A．Political leaders from Oxford．
B．Traditions and strengths of Oxford．
C．Oxford ways to train future leaders．
D．Oxford school of government under plans．
2.The move is meant to _____．
A．provide varieties of courses
B．promote popularity of Oxford
C．find talented graduates in Europe
D．educate tomorrow’s political leaders
3.What can students learn in the new school?
A．Politics and economics．
B．Philosophy and humanities．
C．Traditional and practical courses．
D．Modern science and technology．
4.Which of the following is true of the school?
A．It is named after Leonard Blavatnik．
B．It will not provide traditional courses．
C．It is wholly financed by Leonard Blavatnik．
D．It is the first international school of government.
5.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Public policy is the present focus．
B．More world leaders will rise from Oxford．
C．World leaders need to respect each other．
D．Lord Patten has different opinions of the plan．
Dublin has the benefit of being a home to unequaled beaches．They can be especially attractive during the summer season．Experience this scenery for yourself and see what these beaches have to offer you．
Finding yourself at Dollymont makes you a fortunate tourist especially if you find beaches irresistible． Here you can swim away your worries through the Dollymont Blue Flag Beach．The beach provides a wonderful view which is perfect for some relaxing moments．Its shoreline is well recommended for a few quiet and unworried walks along the beach．
For some beach adventure, you can drive your way down the M50 and M 1 motorways to Donabate． This village in North County Dublin offers an attractive Blue Flag beach which is perfect for your swimming addictions．Lifeguards are on call during bathing period．The water is as overpowering as the surrounding．
For a double purpose beach, check out Killiney．This beach is a top off destination for a swimming adventure and it is equally grand for relaxing walks. The shoreline is covered with pebbles and rocks．This may seem averred with ordinary stony beach for some but for those who have strong interest in geological processes, Killiney is a best spot to discover part of．Dublin's history and Killiney's formation．
Another accessible Blue Flag Beach lies on Malahide in Fingal．You can enjoy the distinctive attraction of the water while still getting yourself amazed with the wonderful sights around Malahide．Beach is sandy and holds a harbor designed for pleasure boats at the Northern end．
For a bit of challenge and thrill, consider a swim at Seapoint Beach in Dun Laoghaire Rathdown．You can have the pleasure of an exciting surf adventure here apart from the usual swimming activity．This is often visited by tourists due to its various appeals: swimming on the north part of the beach while surfing, boating and jet skiing at the south．
Need to beat the heat off your summer vacation? There is nothing as satisfying as a visit to some of these outstanding beaches.
1.How many beaches are mentioned in this article?
A．Five B．Four C．Three D．Two
2.If you are visiting Killiney, which of the following activities can't you do?
A．Having a swimming adventure． B．Having some relaxing walks．
C．Discovering some Dublin's history． D．Practising operating boats for pleasure．
3.Some tourists choose a swim at Seapoint Beach probably because they can _____．
A．get themselves interested in the sights around
B．have a wonderful surf on the north of the beach
C．enjoy several unusual and exciting activities
D．call the lifeguards during bathing period
4.If you want to be quiet and have same relaxing walks, you may pay a visit to _____．
A．Dollymont and Donabate B．Donabate and Malahide
C．Dollymont and Killiney D．Killinev and Malahide
5.The best title of this article should be _____．
A．Where to go swimming in summer B．Beating off the heat in Dublin
C．Benifits of staying at beaches D．Geological researches in vacation
Making greener choices and encouraging healthy lifestyles can promote your health and benefit the environment．Here are some guidelines to follow:
Choose foods thoughtfully
Americans have never had such a variety or abundance of food to choose from．Besides so many choices, we now hear about our "food print", the amount of land needed to supply one person's nutritional needs for a year．Do we buy cherry tomatoes from Mexico or tomatoes grown locally in a hothouse? Do．we get the Granny Smiths from the fanners' market or the supermarket? Is organic produce healthier for us and the planet?
These are very complex issues that require analysis of many criteria, including the energy used in producing and transporting the food, as well as the type of soil and methods of raising the food．
Despite the complexities, there are some general guidelines you can follow．For instance, eat less meat or eat low on the food chain．Your doctor may have recommended you to restrict your consume red meat because of its too much fat content．Beyond that, there are environmental reasons, too. Raise food animals contributes substantially to climate change because a meat-based diet requires more land, energy and water than a plant - based one．
Drinking plenty of fluids is significant during hot weather or when exercising．But is bottled water the way to go? You may not think so when seeing the true costs．Based on a survey, manufacturing the 30 - plus billion plastic water bottles can produce more than 2．5 million tons of carbon dioxide and use here times the amount of water in the bottle．Adding in transportation, the energy used comes to over 50 million barrels of oil equivalent （等价物）．Consequently, skip the bottled water and drink tap water, both at home and at restaurants．Additionally, bottled water is not necessarily cleaner than tap.
1.In Paragraph 2 the author puts forward three questions mainly _____．
A．to prove Americans have less food to choose from
B．to show us the shopping habits of most Americans
C．to indicate Americans tend to buy food from abroad
D．to remind people to reconsider their food purchase
2.The doctor recommends eating less red meat partly because _____．
A．it contains too much fat B．it costs a lot in transportation
C．it is too low on the food chain D．it isn't related to climate change
3.According to the text, which of the following is true?
A．Americans all prefer to buy cherry tomatoes from Mexico．
B．The plant - based diet is responsible for the climate change．
C．Americans have a variety of food to choose from．
D．Organic produce is the only choice for Americans．
4.Based on the last paragraph, we know that _____．
A．bottled water is cleaner than tap water
B．tap water is economical as well as eco - friendly
C．bottled water is more available than tap water
D．tap water uses one - third the cost of bottled water
5.What is the best subtitle for the last paragraph?
A．Skip bottled water, carry tap B．Drink bottled water
C．Produce plastic water bottles D．Save water resources
Two runners stand side by side at the starting line of a race． 36 look very strong and fast． 37 one runner speeds ahead and wins the race．The other __38__．
Some athletes can reach great 39 such as winning an Olympic gold medal．Others never live up to their 40 ．What kind of preparation before a race or before other kinds of events makes the 41 ?
Everyone knows that athletes try to 42 their bodies．But research shows that strengthening the mind may be just as 43 ．Careful study indicates that the best athletes win 44 because they think they can win．
Positive thoughts seem to provide the edge for 45 in sports．People who say "I know I can do this" to themselves over and over 46 find that they have the advantage to win．On the other hand, people who think "I can't win" often 47 ．
One procedure that helps many athletes is creating 48 in their mind．They are told to think of each jump they must make to 49 ．Some use pictures that are more fanciful．One skater liked to think about a star bursting inside her, 50 her with energy．Another athlete who wanted to feel 51 pictured himself as a bird floating in the air．
Next time you want to do something well．try training your 52 to help you．Perhaps a teacher or other instructors can 53 you plan your training．If you imagine yourself doing better, you may soon see improvements in 54 you really can do．Positive thinking and pictures 55 in your mind can help you win!
1. A．Neither B．All C．Each D．Both
2.A．But B．So C．Or D．And．
3.A．falls down B．leaves behind C．leaves alone D．falls behind
4.A．prizes B．goals C．medals D．places
5.A．promise B．name C．level D．ability
6.A．progress B．mistake C．achievement D．difference
7.A．determine B．expand C．strengthen D．extend
8.A．possible B．interesting C．difficult D．important
9.A．partly B．entirely C．completely D．mostly
10.A．failure B．luck C．success D．competition
11.A．often B．never C．hardly D．rarely
12.A．fail B．succeed C．understand D．expect
13.A．ideas B．thoughts C．wonders D．pictures
14.A．fail B．run C．win D．go
15.A．giving B．helping C．taking D．tiring
16.A．encouraged B．calm C．excited D．anxious
17.A．mind B．body C．brain D．imagination
18.A．help B．advise C．allow D．persuade
19.A．which B．that C．what D．how
20.A．made B．hung C．discovered D．created
My friend warned me ______ going to the East Coast because it was crowded with tourists.
A．by B．against C．on D．for
When you are dressed in the latest style, dancing to the most fashionable music after watching the latest film, you feel great,______?
A．aren't you B．don't you C．do you D．are you
