Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, “operates under the theory of what’s mine is mine and what’s yours is mine,” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star Wars light sabers(剑). Later, I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”
“Examine the extended family, and you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. It’s an inheritable trait,” says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance(支配地位) when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.
Whether it’s inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands of the young isn’t healthy for children or the family. “Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behaviour,” says family psychologist John Taylor. “Children,” he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness and a desire to feel safe. It’s the parents’ role to provide that protection.”
When a “boss child” doesn’t learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.
“I see more and more parents giving up their power,” says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. “They bend too far because they don’t want to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.”
So for the sake of the children, parents should be strict with them in a suitable way and get more knowledge to be good parents.
Title: 1
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Kinds |
? 2.______ bossy children with an inheritable trait; ? developed bossy children. |
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Behaviors |
? having a strong need to make decisions; ? 3.______; ? leading rather than following; ? not 4.______ at home. |
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5.______ |
Children |
Parents |
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? fear(the basic cause) ? 6.______ ? a desire to feel safe |
? weakness, hesitation and disagreement with each other; ? less power over the children; ? 7.______ about parenting skills. |
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Influences |
? having trouble dealing with others or keeping friends; ? feeling 8.______. |
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9. ______ for parents |
? being strict with children in a suitable way; ? providing protection; ? learning to be 10.______. |
If you know exactly what you want, the best way to get a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.
That’s especially true of booming fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornell’s School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelor’s degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience. But in the long run, too much specialization doesn’t pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially, but the effect of a degree washes out after five years.
As further evidence of companies gradually losing faith in specialized degrees, Michigan State’s Scheetz mentions a pattern in hiring practices. Although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management. “They want someone who isn’t constrained（限制）by details to look at the big picture,” says Scheetz. This sounds like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts （文科）graduates. Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems. David Birch, manager of the Boston Red Sox, claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree, “I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things,” says Birch.
For a liberal-arts degree, students focus on some basic courses that include literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behavior—plus a computer course or two. With these useful and important courses, you can feel free to specialize, “A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,” says Scheetz.
1.
What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?
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A．Students with a bachelor’s degree in humanities. |
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B．People with an MBA degree from top universities. |
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C．People with formal schooling plus work experience. |
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D．People with special training in engineering |
2.
By saying “…but the effect of a degree washes out after five years”(Para 2), the author means .
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A．most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation |
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B．an MBA degree does not help in the future promotion |
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C．MBA programs will not be as popular in five years’ time as they are now |
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D．people will not forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got |
3.
According to Scheetz’s statement ( Para. 3), companies prefer people who .
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A．have a strategic mind |
B．are talented in fine arts |
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C．are ambitious and aggressive |
D．have received training in mechanics |
4.
David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because they .
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A．are more capable of handling changing situations |
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B．can stick to established ways of solving problems |
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C．are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields |
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D．have attended special programs in management |
5.
Which of the following statements does the author support?
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A．Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists. |
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B．Formal schooling is less important than job training. |
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C．On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly. |
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D．Generalists will do better than specialists in management. |
If cars had wings，they could fly and that just might happen, beginning in 2011.The company Terrafugia, based in Woburn, Massachusetts, says it plans to deliver its car-plane, the Transition, to customers by the end of 2011.
“It’s the next ‘wow’ vehicle，”said Terrafugia vice president Richard Gersh .“Anybody can buy a Ferrari, but as we say, Ferraris don’t fly.”
The car plane has wings that unfold for flying—a process the company says takes one minute—and fold back up for driving. A runway is still required to take off and land.
The Transition is being marketed more as a plane that drives than a car that flies, although it is both. The company has been working with FAA to meet aircraft regulations, and with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to meet vehicle safety regulations.
The company is aiming to sell the Transition to private pilots as a more convenient and cheaper way to fly. They say it saves you the trouble from trying to find another mode of transportation to get to and from airports: You drive the car to the airport and then you’re good to go. When you land, you fold up the wings and hit the road. There are no expensive parking fees because you don’t have to store it at an airport—you park it in the garage at home.
The car-plane is designed to fly primarily under 10,000 feet. It has a maximum takeoff weight of 1,430 pounds, including fuel and passengers. Terrafugia says the Transition reduces the potential for an accident by allowing pilots to drive under bad weather instead of flying into marginal(临界)conditions.
The Transition’s price tag: $194,000, But there may be additional charges for options like a radio, transponder or GPS. Another option is a full-plane parachute.
“If you get into a very awful situation, it is the necessary safety option,” Gersh said.
So far, the company has more than 70 orders with deposits.“We’re working very closely with them, but there are still some remaining steps,” Brown said.
1.
We can learn from the first paragraph that .
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A．car-planes will be popular in 2011 |
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B．people might drive a car-plane in 2011 |
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C．both Transition and Ferrari can take off and land |
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D．Richard Gersh is the vice president of Massachusetts |
2.
lt takes the car-plane one minute to .
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A．fold and unfold its wings |
B．unfold wings for flying |
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C．land in the airport |
D．meet flying safety regulations |
3.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. The car-plane needs a runway to take off and land.
B. To meet aircraft regulations, the company has been working with FAA.
C. The car-plane may fly as high as normal planes.
D. People can park the car-plane in the garage at their home.
4.
The underlined word “it” in the last but one paragraph refers to .
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A．the radio |
B．the transponder |
C．the GPS |
D．the full-plane parachute |
5.
What’s the best title for the passage?
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A．Cars With Wings May Be Just Around The Corner |
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B．Which to Choose: A Ferrari or a Car Plane? |
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C．A more Convenient and Cheaper Way to Fly |
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D．Cars With Wings Can Fly as Fast as Planes |
In many countries today, laws protect wildlife. In India, the need for such protection was realized centuries ago. About 300 B.C, 1 Indian writer described forests that were somewhat like national parks today. The killing of game beasts was carefully supervised（监管）. Some animals were fully protected. 2 the forest, nobody was allowed to cut timber, burn wood for charcoal, 3 catch animals for their furs. Animals 4 became dangerous to human visitors were caught or killed outside the park, so that other animals would not become uneasy.
The need for wildlife protection is 5 now than ever before. About a thousand species of animals are 6 danger of dying out, and the rate at which 7 are being destroyed has increased. 8 we took no measures to protect wildlife, some day our children would see no living creatures except man himself.
When I was in the final year of my graduation studies, I visited a friend’s home for lunch. The moment I reached his house, I found the staircases of his building were not so good and his home was not painted very well. I couldn’t 36 in words but it was not even the type of house in which a typical middle-class Indian family lives.
The greatest things I did find there were his parents. We sat on the ground for lunch because they didn’t have a dining 37 . His mother served us very delicious food, smiled throughout and showed care for the 38 lunch session. I can never forget that.
His father worked as a normal 39 and I wondered if he earned enough money to support their two sons. While we were taking lunch, his father returned home to meet us. When he entered their home, his hands were dark black and his clothes were very dirty. My friend had no 40 about his father and made the introductions.
As soon as his father came in, my friend asked me if I wanted “Papad”（a typical Indian food）to eat. Before I could say anything, the father very gently and kindly 41 it for me, after going through many staircases even though he was looking 42 .
Today, my friend is a leader in a big company. He is able to 43 high rent in Hyderabad and have a new beautiful home. Not only that, he helped his brother 44 in his studies and is still helping.
What I want to say is that I consider 45 as richness in a poor family. The amount of money you make won’t 46 other’s hearts; the only way is with love and kindness. Struggle and bad periods are needed for everyone’s life, as they make us strong. If you have strong willpower, goals and also the attitude of hard and smart work, you can 47 be a successful person in some areas of life.
1.
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A．describe |
B．take |
C．talk |
D．speak |
2.
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A．room |
B．car |
C．table |
D．hall |
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3. |
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4..
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A．doctor |
B．mechanic |
C．lawyer |
D．teacher |
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5. |
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6. |
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7.
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A．tired |
B．happy |
C．sad |
D．excited |
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8. |
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9. |
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10. |
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11.
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A．win |
B．get |
C．gain |
D．defeat |
12.
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A．possibly |
B．hardly |
C．suddenly |
D．definitely |
Because of the heavy snow, we had to delay the visit until this weekend to the artgallery ____ in the center of our city these days.
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A．being held |
B．holding |
C．to be held |
D．held |
