1______ People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of other things they need or want. When they work, they usually get paid in money.
Most of the money today is made of metal or paper.2____One of the first kinds of money was shells.
Shells were not the only things used as money. In China , cloth and knives were used. In the Philippine Islands, rice was used as money for a long time. Elephant tusks, monkey tails and salt were used as money in parts of Africa.
The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the center. 3____
Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money.4____Sweden and Russia used copper to make their money. Later some countries began to make coins of gold and silver
But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive. Again the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. 5_____The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than the paper money used today
Money has had an interesting history from the days of shells money until today.
A. The first coins in England were made of tin .
B. But people used to use all kinds of things as money.
C. No one knows for certain when people began to use money
D. People strung them together and carried them from place to place
E. Money, as we all know ,is made of paper
F. They began to use paper money
G. Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services
Each Indian（印第安人）was supposed to keep his birth name until he was old enough to earn one for himself．But his playmates（游戏伙伴）would always give him a name of their own．No matter what his parents called him, his childhood friends would use the name they had chosen．Often it was not pleasing, such as Bow Legs or Bad Boy．But sometimes a name fit so well that the youngster found it difficult to shake it off．If he could not earn a better one from a war later, he could be stuck with a name like Bow Legs for the rest of his life.
The Indian earned his real name when he was old enough for his first fight against the enemy．His life name depended on how he acted during this first battle．When he returned from the war, the whole tribe would gather and observe the ceremony in which he would be given his name by the chief．If he had done well, he would get a good name．Otherwise he might be called Crazy Wolf or Man-Afraid-Of-a-Horse．So an Indian’s name told his record or described the kind of man he was.
A man was given many chances to improve his name, however．If in a later battle he was brave in fighting against the enemy, he was given a better name．Some of our great fighters had as many as twelve names—all good and each better than the last.
An Indian’s names belonged to him for the rest of his life．No one else could use them．Even he himself could not give them away because names were assigned by the tribe, not the family．So no man could pass on his name unless the chief and the tribe asked him to do so.
Sometimes an Indian would be asked to give his name to a son who had performed a noticeable deed．I know of only three of four times when this happened．It is the rarest honor for a person—the honor of assuming（承担） his father’s name.
1.
An Indian could be given the second name by__________.
A．his father B．the enemy
C．the chief of the tribe D．his childhood friends
2.
The greatest honor an Indian could earn was____________.
A．a victory in his first battle against the enemy
B．a name given by the chief
C．a ceremony to get his real name
D．the right to use his father’s name
3.
If an Indian had more than ten names, it meant that____________.
A．many people in the tribe liked him B．he was a great fighter
C．he had a lot of friends D．he had fought in fewer than ten battles
4.
Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?
A．The names given by the playmates of an Indian were usually not pleasant
B．The life name of an Indian was earned in battle
C．An Indian could throw away his birth name when he was old enough to earn one for himself.
D．The Indians themselves were not allowed to give their names away.
The gray-haired lady can’t wait to leave the building to search for her dad .Unless watched ,she will walk in the streets in an effort to find her father ,who died 30 years ago.
Not all cases of Alzheimer’s disease look like this ,but Alzheimer’s is a serious disease that is said to be the fourth or fifth leading cause of death for people over age 75.
It is said that about three percent of the U.S. population over age 65 have Alzheimer’s .In the early stages ,people may exhibit short term memory loss. Some may experience changes in personality , easy to be angry .As the disease progresses ,patients might lose the ability to move and may be unable to speak or move at all. This progressive disease generally lasts 8 to 10 years before death occurs.
While no one is certain what causes these changes in the brain’s nerve fibers （神经纤维）,their effect is certain .Alzheimer’s destroys not only the patients ,but also spouses（配偶）,friends and families.
What should you do if you notice progressive memory loss in yourself or a loved one? Have the person examined by a doctor who is a specialist in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
Though many reasons other than Alzheimer’s disease may cause memory loss ,its
early diagnosis（诊断）and treatment may delay some of the most serious effects.
What feeling will you likely experience should a loved one suffer from Alzheimer’ s disease? A person will often go through the various stages of sadness, shock ,anger ,and so on. If the spouse develops the disease ,you may experience hurt and disappointment when he or she doesn’t remember you are married.
Life for the Alzheimer’s patients and their loved ones will never be the same as the disease progresses ,bringing a deep sorrow ,loss and even anger towards God .No matter what feelings are present ,facing them honestly will serve one better than burying them.
1.
What can be inferred from the passage about the gray-haired day?
A．She has been living with her father.
B．She was sad about the death of her father.
C．She can’t search for her father without being watched.
D．She suffers from Alzheimer’s disease.
2.
．When people suffer from Alzheimer’s disease , ________.
A．their families and friends will suffer from the same disease
B．their families and friends will experience mental sufferings
C．they will certainly die in 8 to 10 years
D．they will forget everybody but their spouses
3.
．Memory loss occurs ________.
A．from Alzheimer’s disease and nothing else
B．from sadness ,shock ,anger ,and so on
C．for a number of reasons
D．with changes in personality
As we all know，it was Thomas Jefferson who wrote the Declaration of Independence (独立宣言)．He wrote it in two weeks，and after a few changes，it was accepted by the Congress．As a result，he became famous in America's history．
Born in Virginia，Thomas Jefferson，a brilliant student at school and almost talented lawyer later，was much interested in politics.
Jefferson was elected Governor of Virginia in 1779，and he was sent to France as the Representative of the American Government in 1784．Sixteen years later，at the age of 57，he was elected president after Washington and Adams．
Far from a handsome man，he was is tall with long arms and big hands．Jefferson，who was an amusing talker in conversation，but a poor speaker，was generally good-natured．
Jefferson was regarded as a defender(捍卫者)of freedom Of America．As a president，he protected the right of speech．Interestingly enough，in his eight years as president，：Jefferson never said “No” to a bill(议案)which the Congress had passed．He did a lot in organizing the new University of Virginia．
Thomas Jefferson died on July the fourth，1826，the fiftieth anniversary of America’s independence．
1.
We are most likely to read this passage in ．
A．a daily newspaper B．a popular advertisement
C．a hi story book D．an important notice
2.
Which of the following statements about Jefferson’s personality is true?
A．He was a shy and slow learner when he was at school．
B．He was not an easy person to get along with at all
C．He was not only very talented but also very handsome．
D．He was an amusing talker，but not good at speaking in public．
3.
Jefferson’s greatest contribution in America’history is that ．
A．he was for the right of free speech
B．he was sent to France as the Representative
C. he wrote the Declaration of Independence
D．he organized the new University of Virginia
4.
Thomas Jefferson was elected president of the United States in the year of .
A. 1779 B．1784 C．1800 D．1826
With only about 1, 000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species(物种). That’s a move similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah’s Ark”.
Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos(胚胎), semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A & M’s College of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.
It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.
This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.
The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.
“The nuclear transfer(核子移植) of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available(capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (having a baby). It takes a long time and it’s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A& M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.
“They are trying to do something that’s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It’s a research that is very much needed.”
1.
The aim of “Noah’s Ark” project is to _______.
A. make efforts to clone the endangered pandas
B. save endangered animals from dying out
C. collect DNA of endangered animals to study
D. transfer the nuclear of one animal to another
2.
According to Professor Kraemer, the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack of _______.
A. available panda eggs B. host animals C. qualified researchers D. enough money
3.
The best title for the passage may be _______.
A. China’s Success in Pandas Cloning
B. The First Cloned Panda in the World
C. Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas
D. China —the Native Place of Pandas Forever
4.
From the passage we know that _______.
A. Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dog
B. scientists try to implant a panda’s egg into a rabbit
C. Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researches
D. about two thousand of species will probably die out in a century
At the age of 13，I visited a doctor with my parents. As I sat in the examining chair，the doctor looked into my 31 .“She did inherit (继承) it，”he said with coldness.“You need to be prepared. There is no 32 for this disease.”
My father 33 a gene which，in most cases，results in blindness. I’d inherited the gene. He gradually 34 his eyesight and so did I. At last we were both 35 blind—he was fifty-seven years old， 36 I was only twenty-eight.
My world 37 as the darkness fell， 38 the dreams my husband and I had for us and for our three little boys. But 39 I tried to find some hope and 40 ，my eyes were opened to a new realization.
My father had 41 me not just failing eyesight，but an example of 42 in the face of hardships as well. We were all living in Bolivia in 1964 when he decided to 43 the family to America. He worked tirelessly to 44 the right of living in the US.
Alone in the States，he 45 his helplessness and lack of fluency in English. He managed to rent a small apartment，and nine months later，sent airline tickets for my mom，my brother and me.
Decades later， 46 an American citizen，I look back at what he'd shown me. He set an example proving that determination is important to success. His 47 taught me valuable lessons for my own path in the darkness.
I did the same as I stepped into a 48 world. I fulfilled (完成) my own 49 as a wife，mom，Sunday school teacher and Spanish interpreter. What I inherited from my father helped me to 50 my life in a whole new light.
1.A.mouth B.eyes C.ears D.throat
2.A.solution B.reason C.excuse D.cure
3..A.carried B.spread C.infected D.raised
4.A.damaged B.lost C.recovered D.gained
5.A.rapidly B.nearly C.completely D.terribly
6.A.though B.but C.so D.since
7.A.broke down B.broke off C.broke away D.broke out
8.A.realizing B.sharing C.disturbing D.destroying
9.A.when B.before C.unless D.until
10.A.honour B.beauty C.strength D.failure
11.A.handed B.rewarded C.given D.taught
12.A.contribution B.determination C.challenge D.honesty
13.A.move B.settle C.arrange D.send
14.A.enjoy B.declare C.apply D.win
15.A.accepted B.admitted C.overcame D.met
16.A.as B.like C.for D.to
17.A.knowledge B.journey C.situation D.event
18.A.cruel B.inner C.modern D. dark
19.A.promises B. hopes C. roles D. changes
20.A.touch B. end C. save D. see
