Scientists have found what look like caves on Mars, and say they could be protecting life from the planet’s terrible environment.
The first caves appear as seven mysterious black dots （点） on the pictures which were sent back by NASA’s Mars Odyssey orbiter. Each as large as a football field, they may be openings into natural caves below the Martian surface.
“If there is life on Mars, there is a good chance that you’d find it in caves,” said Jut Wynne, one of the researchers who noticed the features (特征) while working on a US Geological Survey Mars Cave Detection Program.
Jonathan Clarke, a geologist with the Mars Society of Australia, yesterday described the discovery as exciting.
One photo taken at night by an infrared imager(红外线成像器) showed one hole to be unusually warm, suggesting hot air may be flowing out.
“I said: ‘Wow, that’s a cave’” Dr. Clarke said excitedly. “People have been looking for these for a long time; now we have found them.”
He agreed such caves could be perfect places to search for life escaping from the bitterly cold, radiation-soaked(充满辐射的), dry surface.
“Tiny drops of water could collect inside,” he said. “If there are gases coming out, they could provide energy for a whole range of bacteria (细菌). A cave is also a protection from radiation; the surface of Mars is exposed to high levels of space radiation.”
The caves probably formed when tube-shaped lava flows(管状岩浆流) spread across the planet long ago. The outside of the tubes cooled, forming solid walls, while something hotter inside allowed the remaining to flow out, forming caves.
1. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. How the caves were formed on Mars.
B. How NASA sent the pictures back to earth
C. Caves on Mars may be full of hot air or a sign（迹象）of life.
D. Scientists have completely recognized the surface of Mars.
2. We can learn from the passage that __________.
A. water has already been found on Mars
B. the scientists found all the caves at night
C. it is certain that there is life in these caves
D. the surface of Mars is bitterly cold, radiation-soaked and dry
3. According to the passage, Dr. Clarke was so excited because ________.
A. such caves could provide energy for life
B. they had finally found the caves on Mars
C. such caves would be perfect places to search for life
D. There would be life on Mars.
4. Necessary conditions for life on Mars mentioned in the passage may include_________.
A. lava and energy B. water and radiation from space
C. gases and lava D. water and protection from radiation
5. what does the underlined word “ the planet” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A. the Mars B. the earth C. the caves D. radiation
Discover
A science magazine, designed for wonders of modern science, written for the educated general readers. Published by Disney Magazine Publishing Co., Discover tells many of the same stories professionals (专业人员) read in Scientific American. A truly delightful family science magazine, each issue （每期） brings new topics to make dinner time and water-cooler conversations interesting.
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Self
Published by Conde Nast Publications Inc., Self is a handbook designed for women’s overall physical and mental health. Every issue contains usable articles such as “Style Lab”, in which wearable clothes are mixed and matched on non-modles and the “Eat Night Road Map”, with tips on how to eat properly.
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Instyle
Instyle is a guide to the lives and lifestyle of the world’s famous people. The magazine covers the choices people make about their homes, their clothes and their free time activities. With photos and articles, it opens the door to these people’s homes, families, parties and weddings, offering ideas about beauty, fitness and in general, lifestyles. Publisher: The Time Inc. Magazine Company.
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Wired
This magazine is designed for leaders in the field of information engineering including top managers and professionals in the computer, business, and education industries. Published by Conde Nast Publications Inc. , Wired often carries articles on how technology changes people’s lives.
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1.Which two magazines are published by the same publisher?
A. Wired and Instyle B. Discover and Instyle
C. Self and Discover D. Self and Wired
2. Which magazine offers the biggest price cut?
A. Instyle B. Wired C. Discover D. Self
3. The “Style Lab” in Self provides readers with articles which _________.
A. offer advice to ordinary women on clothes.
B. show how a woman can become famous
C. introduced places with the best food
D. discuss ways of training models
Jane Austen, a famous English writer, was born at Steventon, Hampshire, on December 16,1775, and died on July 18, 1817. She began writing early in life, although the prejudices (偏见) of her times forced her to have her books published anonymously (匿名 ).
But Jane Austen is perhaps the best known and best loved of Bath’s many famous local people and visitors. She paid two long visits here during the last five years of the eighteenth century and from 1801 to 1806, Bath was her home. Her deep knowledge of the city is fully seen in two of her novels, Northanger Abbey and Persuasion, which are largely set in Bath. The city is still very much as Jane Austen knew it, basically keeping its streets and public buildings in the original shape, just like what she described in her novels. Now the pleasure of learning Jane Austen’s Bath can be enhanced (增强)by visiting the Jane Austen Centre in Gay Street. Here, in a Georgian town house in the heart of the city, you can find out more about Bath in Jane Austen’s time and the importance of Bath in her life and work.
The Centre has been set up with the help and guidance of members of the Jane Austen Society. After your visit to the Centre, you can look round the attractive shop, which offers a huge collection of Jane Austen related books, cards and many specially designed gifts. Jane Austen quizs (小测验) are offered to keep the children busy.
You can also have walking tours of Jane Austen’s Bath, which is a great way to find out more about Jane Austen and discover the wonderful Georgian city of Bath. The tour lasts about one and a half hours. The experienced guides will take you to the places where Jane lived, walked and shopped.
1. Jane Austen paid two long visits to Bath________.
A. in her early twenties B. in her early teens
C. in her late twenties D. in her late teens
2.What can we learn about Bath from the passage?
A. Bath has greatly changed since Jane Austen’s death.
B. The city has changed as much as Jane Austen knew it.
C. Bath remains almost the same as in Jane Austen’s time.
D. No changes have taken place in Bath since Jane Austen’s time.
3. The author writes this passage in order to________.
A. attract readers to visit the city of Bath
B. ask readers to buy Austen’s books
C. tell readers about Jane Austen’s experience
D. give a brief introduction to the Jane Austen Society
4.It takes you about one and a half hours________.
A. to get to the Jane Austen Centre in Gay Street
B. to buy Jane Austen related books, cards and gifts
C. to find a guide to take you to the Centre
D. to look around the city of Bath on foot
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly, The symptoms ( 症状) of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms (微生物) cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release (释放) poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with ditty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water.
If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Food poisoning means death
B. When poisoned, food can make people sick
C. Food poisoning comes in varieties
Ｄ. Food poisoning can be serious
2. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning ______.
A. only contain fever B. are too common to be noticed
C. can be noticed within hours D. can be ignored
3.Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT __________.
A. some chemicals B. low temperatures
C. some tiny living things D. certain natural materials
4. From Paragraph 5, we can learn that ____________.
A. mushrooms should not be eaten
B. vegetables are safer than meat and seafood
C. natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals
D. different types of food should be handled differently
5. It can be inferred from the passage that _____________.
A. natural materials are safe in food processing
B. chemicals are needed in food processing
C. food poisoning can be kept under control
D. food poisoning is out of control
People in the United States honour their parents with two special days: Mother’s Day, on the second Sunday in May, and Father’s Day, on the third Sunday in June.These days are set aside to show love and respect for parents. They raise their children and educate them to be responsible citizens. They give love and care.
These two days make us think about the changing roles of mothers and fathers. More mothers are now working outside home. More fathers must help with the children care.
These two special days are celebrated in many different ways. On Mother’s Day, people wear carnations. A red one symbolizes a living mother, while a black one shows the mother is dead. Many people attend religious services to honour parents. It is also a day when people whose parents are dead visit cemetery ( 墓地). On these days, families get together at home, as well as in restaurants. They often have outdoor barbecues for Father’s Day. These are days of fun and good feelings and memories.
Another tradition is to give cards and gifts. Children make them in school. Many people make their own presents. These are valued more than the ones bought in stores. It is not the value of the gift that is important, but it is the thought that counts. Greeting card stores, florists, candy makers, bakeries, telephone companies and other stores do a lot of business during these holidays.
1.Which of the following is NOT a reason for parents show love and respect for parents?
A. Parents bring up children
B. Parents give love and care to children
C. Parents educate children to be good persons
D. Parents pass away before children grow up
2.Which do you think is true about “carnation” mentioned in paragraph 3?
A. It has only two kinds of colours
B. It refers to the special clothes people wear on Mother’s Day or Father’Day
C. It’s a kind of flower showing love and best wishes.
D. People can wear carnations only on the second Sunday in May
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Mother’s Day and Father’s Day are both in May
B. Fewer women worked outside the home in the past
C. Not all the children respect their parents
D. Fathers are not as important as mothers
4. On Mother’s Day and Father’s Day, ____________.
A. people usually have family parties B. everyone goes to visit the cemetery
C. children always go to parents’ home D. hand-made cards are not valuable
Dear Mom and Dad,
I'm afraid I have some very bad news for you. I have been very naughty and the school master is very angry with me. She is going to write to you. You must come and take me away from here. She does not want me in the school any longer. The trouble started last night when I was smoking a cigarette in bed. As I was smoking, I heard footsteps coming towards the room .I did not want a teacher to catch me smoking, so I threw the cigarette away. Unfortunately, the cigarette fell into the waste-paper basket. It caught fire.
There was a curtain near the waste-paper basket. It caught fire too. Soon the whole room was burning. The master phoned the fire brigade. The school is a long way from the town and before the fire brigade arrived, the whole school was on fire. The master said that the fire was all my fault and I must pay for the damage. She will send you a bill for about a million dollars.
I'm very sorry for this.
Much love
Sarah
1.Why did Sarah write to his parents?
A．He missed them very much for they hadn’t seen each other for a long time.
B．He told his parents what he had done in school.
C．He was tired of studying, and wanted to leave school.
D．He thought he was old enough to help them do something.
2. Where did Sarah smoke?
A．In the classroom B．In the Dinning hall
C．In the street D．In the dormitory
3. Why was the school master angry with him?
A．Because he was too naughty
B．Because he was too lazy
C．Because he caused a big fire
D．Because he stole something from the school
4.According to the passage, what should the students not do?
A．They should not smoke, because smoking is dangerous to them
B．They should not dance, because dancing would waste a lot of money
C．They should not make friends, because making friends would take them absent
D．They should not wear expensive clothes because they would waste a lot of money
