The Internet celebrated its birthday on September 2nd, by which time 40 years _______ since the first successful transfer of data between two computers.
A. has passed B. had passed C. passed D. have passed
—— I haven’t seen Johnson these days.
—— I think she _______ a conference in Beijing, but I’m not sure.
A. should be attending B. might be attending
C. could have attended D. must have attended
The use of Chinese by teachers in ______ English classroom must be restricted because it will decrease _______ time when students are exposed to the English language.
A. the; / B. an; / C. /; the D. an; the
SECTION C
Directions：Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese．
近几年中小学生近视人数大幅增加，据报道多达30%—50%的中小学生戴眼镜，而且这一数字还在呈上升趋势。保护视力必须得到广泛重视。
你作为一名学生，请根据自身体会用英语写一篇有关保护视力的短文。词数120词左右，短文的标题和开头已经给出。内容要点如下：
1、综述中小学生的视力现状。
2、分析造成学生近视 (short-sightedness) 的主要原因。
3、介绍视力保护的简便方法。(至少2个方法)
SECTION B
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Motherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia(痴呆) in old age by bathing the brain in protective hormones , U.S. researchers reported on Thursday.
Tests on rats show that those who raise two or more litters of pups do considerably better in tests of memory and skills than rats who have no babies, and their brains show changes that suggest they may be protected against diseases such as Alzheimer’s(早老痴呆症). University of Richmond psychology professor Craig Kinsley believes his findings will translate into humans.
“Our research shows that the hormones of pregnancy(怀孕) are protecting the brain, including estrogen(雌激素), which we know has many neuroprotective (保护神经的) effects,” Kinsley said.
“It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals,” he added in a telephone interview. “They go through pregnancy and hormonal changes.”
Kinsley said he hoped public health officials and researchers will look to see if having had children protects a woman from Alzheimer’s and other forms of age-related brain decline.
“When people think about pregnancy, they think about what happens to babies and the mother from the neck down,” said Kinsley, who presented his findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Neuroscience in Orlando, Florida.
“They do not realize that hormones are washing on the brain. If you look at female animals who have never gone through pregnancy, they act differently toward young. But if she goes through pregnancy, she will sacrifice her life for her infant—that is a great change in her behavior that showed in genetic alterations(改变) to the brain.”
81. What is the main idea of this passage? （回答词数不超过10个）
_________________________________________________________
82. What can protect the brain of a woman according to the passage? （回答词数不超过4个）
_________________________________________________________
83. How do scientists know “Motherhood may make women smarter”? （回答词数不超过8个）
_________________________________________________________
84. “It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals.” What does the sentence suggest? （回答词数不超过13个）
_________________________________________________________
PART FOUR WRITING
SECTION A
Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
One of the definitions of a symbol is that it is "something that stands for something else. " We can divide symbols into three kinds: the conventional, the accidental, and the universal symbol.
The conventional symbol is the best known in everyday language., The letters t-a-b-1-e stand for the thing "table" we see, touch, and use. But there is no inherent (内在的) relationship between the meaning and its letters or sound. The only reason the word symbolizes the thing is the convention of calling this particular thing by a name. After being repeated over and over, the word is accepted in the language.
Besides words, pictures also act as symbols. A flag, for instance, may stand for a specific country, and yet there is no inherent connection between the specific colors and the country for which they stand. It has been accepted after repeated uses.
The opposite to the conventional symbol is the accidental symbol. Supposing that someone has had a saddening experience in a city, he will easily connect the name with a mood of sadness when hearing its name, just as he would connect it with a mood of joy had his experience been a happy one. Obviously, there is nothing in the nature of the city that is either sad or joyful. It is the individual experience connected with the city that makes it a symbol of a mood. The connection between the symbol and the experience symbolized is entirely accidental.
The universal symbol is one in which there is an inherent relationship between the symbol and the symbolized. Take, for instance, the symbol of fire. Fire gives us the impression of power, of energy, and of lightness. When we use fire as a symbol, we describe the inner experience characterized by the same elements the mood of energy, lightness, movement, etc.
The universal symbol is the only one in which the relationship between the symbol and that which is symbolized is not coincidental (巧合的), but inherent. It can be called universal because it is shared by all men, in contrast not only to the accidental symbol, which is entirely personal, but also to the conventional symbol, which is shared by the people of the same convention.
Title. 71
|
major points
72 |
74 |
Connections between Symbols and the Symbolized |
79 |
|
|
Conventional Symbols |
t-a-b-l-e ↓ the thing "table" |
a flag ↓ 75 |
77 |
people of the same convention |
|
Accidental Symbols |
76 ↓ joy or sadness |
78 |
individual |
|
|
73 |
Fire ↓ power, energy, lightness |
inherent connection |
80 |
|
