Leaves are nature’s food factories. Plants take water from the ground through their roots. They take a gas called carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and CO2 into glucose（葡萄糖）.Glucose is a kind of sugar. Plants use glucose as food for energy to grow. The way plants turn water and CO2 into glucose is called photosynthesis (光合作用).That means “putting together with light .” A chemical called chlorophyll helps make photosynthesis happen. Chlorophyll is green. It gives plants their green colour. As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter. This is how the trees “know” to begin getting ready for winter.
During winter, there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis .The trees will rest, and live on the food they have stored during the summer. They begin to close their food-making factories. The green Chlorophyll disappears from the leaves. Then, we begin to see yellow and orange colours. A few of these colors stay in the leaves all the time. We just can’t see them in the summer, because they are covered up by the green Chlorophyll.
Red and purple colors we see in leaves are made mostly in the autumn. In some trees, like maples, glucose is stored in the leaves after photosynthesis stops. Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn turn this glucose into red. The brown color of trees like oaks is made from wastes left in the leaves.
1. The underlined word “chlorophyll” in the first Para means in Chinese.
A 叶绿素 B 氧气 C 胡萝卜素 D 蛋白质
2.The way is called photosynthesis.
A. plants get CO2 from the air
B. plants take water from the ground
C. plants turn water and CO2 into glucose.
D. Plants use glucose as food for energy to grow.
3.The gas called carbon dioxide is from the
A ground B roots C air D sunlight
4.Which of the following is not true?
A. when autumn and winter come, the days get shorter and shorter.
B. During winter trees rest and live on the food they store during the summer.
C. During winter small amounts of yellow and orange colors are kept in the leaves all the time.
D. Trees begin to stop making food in summer.
In the past, when people had problems, they went to their families or friends to get advice.
Today it is possible to get advice from radio shows, TV programmes and telephone hot lines, too. A hot line is a telephone line that offers a direct way of getting in touch with advisers .Most hot lines are completely anonymous ,that is to say , callers do not have to say their names or telephone numbers. Most hot lines are usually free. Callers do not have to pay for the advice or the phone calls, even if the calls are long distance ones. At some hot lines, the advisers are volunteers. Other hot lines pay their advisers for their work. Usually the advisers are full-time people with years of education and experience, but sometimes, the advisers have only taken a short training before starting to work on the hot lines. All the advisers listen to people and help them solve their problems.
1.The underlined word “anonymous” in the passage means in Chinese.
A .secret B. well-known C. exact D. wonderful
2.When people call the hot line advisers, they .
A .often give their names and telephone numbers
B. generally have to pay for the long distance calls
C. usually pay nothing for most of the calls and advice
D. always try to get in touch with the volunteer advisers
3.The advisers working at hot lines .
A. have all been trained for a short time
B. are all volunteers
C. have all received years of education
D. are not all paid
4.The writer of the passage seems to think that .
A. hot lines help the callers a lot
B. advisers will solve all of the callers’ problems
C. people had better pay for the advice
D. people will not get advice from their families or friends
The first newspapers were handwritten sheets which were posted in pubic places．The earliest recorded newspaper was started in Rome in 59 BC．In the 700’s the world’s first printed newspaper was developed in China．The paper was printed from carved wooden blocks and sent out among the citizens．Europe didn’t have a regularly published newspaper until 1609, when one was started in Germany.
The fist regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in 1620．In 1621, an English newspaper was started in London and was published weekly．The first daily English newspaper was the Daily Courant, which didn’t appear until March 1702.
In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston．But the local government soon stopped its publication．In 1704, John Campbell started The Boston News-letter, the first newspaper to be published daily in America．By 1760, the whole America had more than thirty daily newspapers．There are now about 1800 daily papers in the United States.
Today, as a group, English language newspapers have the largest circulation in the world．The largest circulation for a newspaper, however, is that of the Japanese newspaper Asahi Shimbun, which sells over eleven million copies every day.
1.In Europe, the newspaper was first regularly published_____.
A .in England B．in Germany
C．in France D．in London
2.The first English newspaper printed and sold every day appeared _________.
A．in 1620 B．in 1609
C．at the end of the 17th century D．at the beginning of the 18th century.
3.How many years earlier was the newspaper printed in China than in America?
A．9 or 10 centuries．
B．More than 1000 years.
C．700 years or so
D．Less than 800 years.
4.Which title best gives the main idea of the passage?
A．The World’s First Newspaper.
B．History of Newspaper.
C．The First Daily Newspaper in American.
D．A Remarkable Man-Benjamin Harris.
完形填空：阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。（共20小题，每小题1.5分）
In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of his environment. There were few people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be 46 . Today things are 47 , the world has become too 48 . We are using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are 49 our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on the earth 50 survive.
Everyone 51 today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishing 52 , more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many trees are cut down, 53 will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. Yet, we 54 to use bigger and more powerful machines to 55 more and more trees.
We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. 56 , in most countries wastes are 57 put into rivers or into the sea, and there are 58 laws to stop this. We know, too, that if the 59 of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years there will not be enough 60 . What can we do to solve these problems ?
If we eat more vegetables and less 61 , there will be more food available for everyone. Land that is used to grow crops 62 five times more people than land where animals are kept. Our natural resources will 63 longer if we learn to recycle them. The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth 64 .
Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and clearer 65 in the future.
1.A. beautiful B. unlimited C. rare D. valuable
2.A. common B. the same C. changeable D. different
3.A. crowded B. small C. dirty D. busy
4.A. protecting B. saving C. polluting D. fighting
5.A. may not B. will not C. shall not D. could not
6.A. wonders B. realizes C. consider D. discovers
7.A. poles B. boats C. methods D. ideas
8.A mountains B. the sea C. trees D. forests
9.A. continue B. have C. ought D. go on
10.A. grow B. plant C. save D. cut down
11.A. Thus B. However
C. Generally speaking D. Therefore
12.A. still B. even C. also D. certainly
13.A. too many B. a few C. some D. few
14.A. production B. pollution C. population D. revolution
15.A. houses B. vegetables C. food D. lives
16.A. fruit B. meat C. fish D. grain
17.A. feeds B. increases C. supplies D. helps
18.A. use B. stay C. keep D. last
19.A. control B. born C. plan D. reward
20.A. nature B. sea C. planet D. forest
Those who are of great determination are ____ to make great achievements.
A. maybe B. likely C. probable D. possible
The Smiths consider _____ a computer, which is commonly considered _____ a great help in their work and study.
A. to buy; to be B. buying; to be
C. to buy; being D. buying; being
