Human needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat, when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view.
The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.
The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War Ⅱ, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.
By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared; the “life-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the need in comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.
On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?
A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.
1. According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when .
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A．he has saved up enough money |
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B．he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter |
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C．he has satisfied his hunger |
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D．he has learned to build houses |
2. It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱ, most Americans .
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A．were very rich |
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B．lived in poverty |
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C．had the good things on the first three levels |
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D．did not own automobiles |
3. Which of the following is NOT related to “physical satisfaction” ?
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A．A successful career. |
B．A comfortable home. |
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C．A good meal. |
D．A family car. |
4. What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?
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A．The more goods the better. |
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B．The more mental satisfaction the better. |
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C．The more “luxury” items the better. |
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D．The more earnings the better. |
A friend of mine was sitting in the living room one day when his cat dragged in a little “gift” in its mouth—a dead animal of some sort. Taking a closer look, he was surprised to 36 it as the bunny(小兔子) that 37 Mary, the young daughter of the family next door. My friend felt 38 , believing his cat had killed Mary’s bunny.
My quick-thinking friend came up with a plan. 39 from the cat’s mouth the dead animal, which by now was a 40 mess, he put it in the kitchen sink. With a little warm water and some shampoo, he tried to 41 the dead bunny as best he could. Then he took a hair dryer and blowdried the bunny 42 it looked pretty good.
Finally, under the cover of darkness, he crept into the next-door garden and placed it 43 in the cage. He managed to make the bunny look very 44 there in his little box.
The next morning, my friend looked out of the window and noticed a crowd of people 45 around the rabbit hutch(笼). Everyone seemed to be talking and pointing. My friend 46 to go over and act like any normal 47 neighbor and find out what was going on.
When he got there, Mary’s mother said to my friend, “You won’t believe this! It’s a(n) 48 thing! Mary’s bunny 49 a few days ago, and we buried that little bunny right over there…”
Have you ever tried to cover up one wrongdoing with another? Covering up only makes matters 50 .
When we get caught doing something 51 , for example, we may 52 to cover it up with a lie. But just like Mary’s bunny, the result is 53 what we expected. We 54 looking foolish. We would have been better off admitting we were wrong and accepting the 55 . What do you think of it?
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—I’ll be travelling back from London so I can’t come to your party on Friday.
— .Come round for a drink next week!
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A．I’m terribly sorry |
B．What a pity! |
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C．I don’t really mind |
D．Please yourself |
—Where shall we go to spend the weekend?
—No where , anywhere you like.
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A．in all |
B．in particular |
C．in general |
D．in response |
He offered to drive me to the airport, I felt so grateful.
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A．to whom |
B．to which |
C．for which |
D．for whom |
It sound like a perfect destination,but it is really adventurous to go there.
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A．must |
B．should |
C．can |
D．may |
