Making lists is relaxing. It dictates the shape of the immediate future; it calms you down (it’s OK, it’s on a list somewhere) and it makes you feel good when you cross something off List-making is standard practice in therapy for depression). It might even help you to get things done too. The more you have to do, the more you need a list and few people with high-powered jobs get by without them. Women always think they’re better at lists than men. Men tend to have tasks which they assemble ’into Action Plans whereas women just have lists of Things To Do.
James Oliver, psychologist, has created his own “time management matrix (模式)”. He writes a list of things to do and then organizes them into categories: things that have to be done straight away, other things that it would be good to do today, things that are important but haven’t got to be done immediately and things that are less urgent but that he doesn’t want to forget. “Using categories to order the world is the way the human mind works,” he says. “After that, you should divide things into levels of importance.” But he also warns, “If people get too absorbed in making lists, it doesn’t work. They have too many categories and lose their ability to decide which is the most important.”
It’s all a question of what works best for you, whether it’s a tidy notebook, a packet of Post-it notes or the back of your hand. Having tried all these, student Kate Rollins relies on a computerized list, which is printed out each morning. “My electronic organizer has changed my life,” she says. “Up to now, I’ve always relied on my good memory, but now that I’m working and studying, I find I’ve got too much to keep in my head.”
So what are you waiting for? No, you’re not too busy to make today the first day of your upgraded time-managed life. In fact, there’s no better time than the present to begin to take increased control of your work and life. So, get out your pencil and pen and make a list.
1.The main purpose of making lists is to .
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A．help map out one’s future |
B．divide things into levels of importance |
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C．treat certain diseases such as depression |
D．organize one’s work and life reasonably |
2.We can learn from the passage that .
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A．good memory helps in list making |
B．too much listing might be misleading |
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C．women usually make a lot more lists than men |
D．people with high-powered jobs make lists most |
3.In this passage the author intends to .
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A．suggest a way of raising one’s living standard |
B．introduce some ways of business management |
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C．urge people to develop the habit of listing |
D．warn people not to rely on their memory |
The oldest and hardest cow beef may be made as tender and tasty as young and choice met. ”This declaration was made by the French physicist Denis Papin in book published in 1681, which described his “New Digester” or pressure cooker. It was a cast iron pot with an air-tight lid, which allowed liquids to boil at a higher temperature than usual, and so it cooked food in a quarter of the time. The food was cooked by pressurized steam being forced through it at about 121℃. All pressure cookers were made of cast iron until 1905, when the first aluminum model was made in America. In 1938, Alfred Vischer, a man from Chicago, U. S. A., designed a simple interlocking pan and lid, and an improved pressure-tight seal（密封）—a replaceable rubber sealing ring. When Vischer’s patent（专利）expired in 1954, many companies entered the field, and the rapid pressure cooker became popular with people with people who had little time to cook or had to supply food for unexpected guests.
1.From the passage we can learn pressure cooker made of cast iron lasted at least ____years.
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A．300 |
B．200 |
C．90 |
D．60 |
2.Which of the following shows the correct order?
a. Denis Papin called his invention “New Digester”.
b. It began to be widely used by common families.
c. Instead of cast iron, it was first made of aluminum.
d. The first pressure cooker was invented in France.
e. Alfred Vischer greatly improved its design.
f. Vischer’s patent came to an end.
g. Many other companies began to produce it.
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A．d, a, e, c, g, f, b |
B．a, d, c, b, e, f, g |
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C．d, a, c, e, f, g, b |
D．g, e, a, e, d, f, b |
3.In the writer’s opinion, the best advantage of a pressure cooker is that_______.
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A．the oldest and hardest cow beef can be made tender and tasty |
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B．it allows liquids to boil at a higher temperature than usual |
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C．it can help people to supply food for unexpected guests |
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D．it helps people to spend much less time in cooking |
4.The best title of this passage may possibly be _______.
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A．New Digester |
B．Pressure Cooker |
C．Favorite Cook |
D．The History of Cooker |
Last summer I went through a training program and became a literacy volunteer（扫盲志愿者）. The training I received, though excellent, did not tell me how it was to work with a real student, however. When I began to discover what other people’s lives were like because they could not read, I realized the true importance of reading.
My first student Marie was a 44-year-old single mother of three. In the first lesson, I found out she walked two miles to the nearest supermarket twice a week because she didn’t know which bus to take. When I told her I would get her a bus schedule. She told me it would not help because she could not read it. She said she also had difficulty once she got to the supermarket, because she couldn’t always remember what she needed. Since she did not know words, she could not write out a shopping list. Also, she could only recognize items by sight, so if the product had a different label, she would not recognize it as the product she wanted.
As we worked together, learning how to read built Marie’s self-confidence, which encouraged her to continue in her studies. She began to make rapid progress and was even able to take the bus to the supermarket. After this successful trip, she reported how self-confident she felt. At the end of the program, she began helping her youngest son, Tony, a shy first grader, with his reading. She sat with him before he went to sleep and together they would read bedtime stories. When his eyes became wide with excitement as she read, pride was written all over her face, and she began to see how her own hard work in learning to read paid off. As she described this experience, I was proud of myself as well. I found that helping Marie to build her self-confidence was more rewarding than anything I had ever done before.
As a literacy volunteer, I learned a great deal about teaching and helping others. In fact, I may have learned more from the experience than Marie did.
1.What did the author do last summer?
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A．She worked in the supermarket. |
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B．She helped someone to learn to read. |
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C．She gave single mothers the help they needed. |
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D．She went to a training program to help a literacy volunteer. |
2.Why didn’t Marie go to the supermarket by bus at first?
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A．Because she liked to walk to the supermarket. |
B．Because she lived far away from the bus stop. |
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C．Because she couldn’t afford the bus ticket. |
D．Because she couldn’t find the right bus. |
3.How did Marie use to find the goods she wanted in the supermarket?
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A．She knew where the goods were in the supermarket. |
B．She asked others to take her to the right place. |
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C．She managed to find the goods by their looks. |
D．She remembered the names of the goods. |
4.Which of the following statements is true about Marie?
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A．Marie could do things she had not been able to do before. |
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B．Marie was able to read stories with the help of her son. |
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C．Marie decided to continue her studies in school |
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D．Marie paid for her own lessons. |
— Your suitcase seems very heavy. Need any help? — ________
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A．That all depends! |
B．No, thanks. I can manage it myself. |
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C．It’s a pleasure. |
D．It couldn’t be better. Thank you all the same. |
Learning to play basketball calls for perseverance, strength, time and skill. _____, it’s not a simple thing.
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A．As a result |
B．In conclusion |
C．In general |
D．After all |
I’ll talk about a newly-opened market ______ you may get all _______ you need.
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A．in which; which |
B．where; that |
C．where; what |
D．which; that |
