In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition（学会）of each new skill — the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is common that parents hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, and a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm（热情） for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters; others are severe over time of coming home at night or punctuality（准时）for meals. In general, the controls imposed（强加的）represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community（社区）as much as the child’s own happiness.
As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach（说教）, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.
1.Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills _____.
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A．should be avoided |
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B．is universal among parents |
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C．sets up dangerous states of worry in the child |
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D．will make him lose interest in learning new things |
2. When children are learning new skills, parents should _____.
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A．achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own |
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B．not expect too much of them |
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C．encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read |
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D．create as many learning opportunities as possible |
3.The second paragraph mainly tells us that _____.
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A．parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone |
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B．parental controls satisfy only the needs of the parents and the values of the community |
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C．parents should be strict with their children |
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D．parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation |
4.The underlined word “precept” （in Paragraph 3） probably means “_____”.
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A．idea |
B．punishment |
C．instruction |
D．behaviour |
5.In moral matters, parents should _____.
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A．satisfy their children’s needs |
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B．be aware of the marked difference between adults and children |
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C．forbid things which have no foundation in morality |
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D．observe（遵守，奉行） the rules themselves |
Everybody hates it, but everybody does it. A recent report said that 40％of Americans hate tipping. In America alone, tipping is a $16 billion-a-year industry. Consumers acting politely ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service. Tips should not exist. So why do they? The common opinion in the past was that tips both rewarded the efforts of good service and reduced uncomfortable feelings of inequality. And also, tipping makes for closer relations. It went without saying that the better the service, the bigger the tip.
But according to a new research from Cornell University, tips no longer serve any useful function. The paper analyzes numbers they got from 2,547 groups dining at 20 different restaurants. The connection between larger tips and better service was very weak. Only a tiny part of the size of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service.
Tipping is better explained, by culture than by the money people spend. In America, the custom came into being a long time ago. It is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service. In New York restaurants, failing to tip at least l5% could well mean dissatisfaction from the customers. Hairdressers can expect to get l5%-20%, and the man who delivers your fast food $2. In Europe, tipping is less common. In many restaurants the amount of tip is decided by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all. Only a few have really taken to tipping.
According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell papers’ author, countries in which people are more social or outgoing tend to tip more. Tipping may reduce anxiety about being served by strangers. And Mr. Lynn says, “In America, where people are expressive and eager to mix up with others, tipping is about social approval. If you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off.”
1. This passage is mainly about ________.
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A．different kinds of tipping in different countries |
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B．the relationship between tipping and custom |
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C．the origin and present meaning of tipping |
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D．most American people hate tipping |
2.Which of the following best explains the underlined phrase “caught on” ?
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A．become popular. |
B．been hated. |
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C．been stopped. |
D．been permitted |
3. Among the following situations, in your opinion, who is likely to tip most?
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A．A Frenchman just quarreled with the barber who did his hair badly in New York. |
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B．An American just had a wonderful dinner in a well known restaurant in New York. |
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C．A Japanese businessman asked for a pizza delivery from a Pizza Hut in New York. |
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D．A Chinese student enjoyed his meal in a famous fast food restaurant in New York. |
4. We can infer from this passage that ________.
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A．tipping is no longer a good way to satisfy some customers themselves |
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B．tipping is especially popular in New York |
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C．tipping in America can make service better now |
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D．tipping has something to do with people’s character |
In our life, we have rarely expressed our gratitude to the one who’d lived those years with us.In fact, we don’t have to wait for anniversaries to thank the ones close to us—the ones so easily overlooked. If I have learned anything about giving thanks, it is this: give it now！While your feeling of appreciation is alive and sincere, act on it. Saying thanks is such an easy way to add to the world’s happiness.
Saying thanks not only brightens someone else’s world, but it also brightens yours. If you’re feeling left out, unloved or unappreciated, try reaching out to others. It may be just the medicine you need.
Of course, there are times when you can’t express gratitude immediately. In that case don’t let embarrassment sink you into silence—speak up the first time you have the chance.
Once a young minister, Mark Brian, was sent to a remote parish of Kwakiutl Indians in British Columbia. He had been told that the Indians did not have a word for thank you. But Brian soon found that these people had exceptional generosity. Instead of saying thanks, it is their custom to return every favor with a favor of their own, and every kindness with an equal or superior kindness. They do their thanks.
I wonder if we had no words in our vocabulary for thank you, would we do a better job of communicating our gratitude? Would we be more responsive, more sensitive and more caring?
Thankfulness sets in motion a chain of reaction that transforms people all around us—including ourselves, for no one ever misunderstands the melody of a grateful heart.
1.In the first paragraph the writer mainly encourages us .
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A．to express our sincere thanks timely to those around us |
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B．never to overlook our close friends in daily life |
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C．to wait for a proper occasion to show our gratitude |
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D．to increase the world’s happiness by saying thanks |
2. When we say something for what others do for us, it ______.
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A．is good for both us and people who help us |
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B．benefits the people who do something for us |
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C．wastes our and our friends' time at the same time |
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D．does harm to both us and people who help us |
3.According to the writer, could be the best way to prevent ourselves from being left out.
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A．seeing a doctor to find the right medicine we need |
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B．expressing our gratitude in an easy way |
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C．speaking up the moment we have the chance |
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D．showing others actively we are willing to help them |
4.Mark Brain’s story is mentioned in the passage in order to show the fact that .
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A．the Indians didn’t have any words for appreciation |
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B．the Indians were particularly generous to others |
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C．some people may express their gratitude through different approaches |
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D．Mark Brain set the Indians an example to show saying thanks is very important |
237 West Palmdale Boulevard
Fresno, California 93706
AmToy Corporation
Suite 15
TransAm Building
San Francisco, California 94115
November 20,2010
Dear Sirs,
As a concerned parent, I am writing to protest your recent advertisement for Electro-Robo seen in local media in California. Specifically, I am referring to newspaper and magazine ads (attached to this letter) published the week of November 15.
Children respond to your type of advertising in an immature way; that is, they are unable to understand how expensive some toys are for middle class parents. Further, your product is violent in nature. Your advertisement gives children the impression that it’s fine to have “two guns and laser eyes.” You also suggest that children need your toy to protect them “when you go outside.” This is not a healthy attitude for children to have.
I hope you will stop advertising your product in such a way that may harm our children.
Sincerely yours,
(Mrs.) Alma Hernandez
President, Parents for Non violent Toys
Enclosed Advertisement:
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It’s Here! Ready for You, Now! It’s Electro Robo! Every boy dreams of being in control of a robot, and AmToy can make your dream come true! Electro-Robo is the world’s first fully automatic robot with radio control. Standing 80 centimeters tall, Electro-Robo is like a friend at home. He can walk, talk, and even shake your hand! He has two guns and laser eyes to help you defend yourself when you go outside with him. Every boy needs Electro-Robo! Ask your Mom and Dad to buy Electro-Robo for your birthday or for Christmas, which is coming up soon. Imagine that you are in control of your friend for life, Electro- Robo! Available at all toy stores and department stores NOW! |
1.What is the purpose of the letter?
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A．To complain about a broken toy. |
B．To order a gift for Christmas. |
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C．To oppose the advertising. |
D．To apply for a job in a toy company. |
2.Why does the writer of the letter feel that Electro-Robo is violent?
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A．It bears arms. |
B．It is expensive to buy. |
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C．It is 80 centimeters tall. |
D．It is controlled by radio waves. |
3.Electro-Robo can do all the following EXCEPT________.
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A．shaking hands |
B．sitting down |
C．talking |
D．walking |
I was waiting for a phone call from my agent. He had left a message the night before, telling me that my show was to be canceled. I called him several times, but each time his secretary told me that he was in a meeting and that he would call me later. So I waited and waited, but there was still no call. Three hours passing by, I became more and more impatient. I was certain that my agent didn’t care about my work, and he didn’t care about me. I was overcome with that thought. I started to shout at the phone,“ Let me wait, will you? Who do you think you are?”
At that time I didn’t realize my wife was looking on. Without showing her surprise, she rushed in, seized the phone, tore off the wires, and shouted at the phone, “Yeah! Who do you think you are? Bad telephone! Bad telephone!” And she swept it into the wastebasket.
I stood watching her, speechless. What on earth?
She stepped to the doorway and shouted at the rest of the house, “Now hear this! All objects in this room — if you do anything to upset my husband, out you go!”
Then she turned to me, kissed me, and said calmly, “Honey, you just have to learn how to take control. ” With that, she left the room.
After watching a crazy woman rushing in and out, shouting at everything in sight, I noticed that something in my mood had changed. I was laughing. How could I have trouble with that phone? Her antics helped me realize I had been driven crazy by small things. Twenty minutes later my agent did call. I was able to listen to him and talk to him calmly.
1. Why did the author shout at the telephone?
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A．He was mad at the telephone. |
B．He was angry with his agent. |
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C．He was anxious about his wife. |
D．He was impatient with the secretary. |
2.What did the author’s wife do after she heard his shouting?
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A．She threw the phone away. |
B．She shouted at him. |
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C．She called the agent. |
D．She said nothing. |
3.What made the author laugh?
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A．His changeable feelings. |
B．His wife’s suggestion. |
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C．His own behavior. |
D．His wife’s sweet kiss. |
4. What does the underlined word “antics” refer to?
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A．Smart words. |
B．Anxious feelings. |
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C．Surprising looks. |
D．Unusual actions. |
It was her laughing that drew my attention. Note taking really wasn’t all that funny.
Walking over to the offender (someone that does something wrong), I asked for the 36 . Frozen, she refused to give it to me. I waited, all attention in the classroom on the quiet 37 between teacher and student. When she finally 38 it over she whispered, “Okay, but I didn’t draw it.”
It was a hand-drawn 39 of me, teeth blackened and the words “I’m stupid” coming out of my mouth.
I managed to fold it up calmly. My mind, 40 , was working angrily as I struggled not to 41 . I figured I knew the two students who were most likely to draw the picture. It would do them some 42 to teach them a lesson, and maybe it was high time that I did it!
Thankfully, I was able to keep myself 43 .
When there were about six minutes remaining, I showed the class the picture. They were all silent as I told them how 44 this was for me. I told them there must be a reason 45 and now was their chance to write down anything they needed to tell me. Then I let them write silently while I sniffled(抽鼻子) in the back of the classroom.
As I 46 the notes later, many of them said something like, “I’ve got nothing against you,” or “I’m sorry you were hurt.” A number of them said, “You give us too much homework.” Some kids said, “We’re 47 of you.” But two notes, from the girls who I 48 were behind the picture, had a list of issues. I was too 49 , too strict…
Reading those notes, I realized that over the course of this year, instead of 50 my students, I had begun commanding them to 51 . Where I thought I was driving them to success I was 52 driving them away.
I had some apologizing to do. But the next day in the classroom, one boy and one girl each handed me a card. The one 53 by all the boys expressed sincere regret for the ugly joke. The one from the girls asked for 54 .
This was a lesson for both the kids and me. Forgiveness does not change the past, but it does enlarge the 55 .
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