Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both questions is yes.To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random (随意地) from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that integigence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this shows that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who lives in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.
1.Which of the following best describes the writer’s point in Paragraph One?
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A．To some extent, intelligence is given at birth. |
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B．Intelligence is developed by the environment. |
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C．Some people are born clever and others born stupid. |
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D．Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment. |
2.In the first paragraph,“no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence” suggests that .
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A．no environment can change the least able into the most able |
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B．the difference in men’s intelligence depends on the amount of their education |
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C．if a person is born clever, he is certain to be a genius |
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D．if a person is born stupid, nothing can change him into an educated person |
3.The last paragraph mainly shows .
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A．the importance of education |
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B．the relationship between environment and birth |
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C．the writer’s final conclusion |
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D．the relationship between intelligence and environment |
4.The best title for this passage would be .
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A．Dependence on Education |
B．Intelligence |
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C．Surroundings |
D．Effect of Education |
5.Which statement about the passage is true?
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A．All twins have similar degrees of intelligence. |
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B．A man who is educated in university must make greater achievements than a man who works in a boring factory. |
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C．Proper education can change one’s intelligence at some degree. |
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D．Education can’t make a child born with low intelligence cleverer. |
It might sound ridiculous that goal setting could actually hold you back from completing tasks and dreams you may have. But it seems like everyone tells you should be setting goals for everything you want to accomplish, short term and long term. Goals can help you sometimes, but in some cases they just lead to constant frustration and they actually bring you down.
Let's look at this a little closer with an example. A lot of people might set forth as a goal. Many people jump online and are looking to start a business online as a way to make money from home and let's say they set a goal to make $10,000 in their first month. They do this because they seem tons of people making large sums of money in very little time so they think, $10,000 a month, that shouldn't be too hard.
But what happens when you only bring in $1,000 in your first 30 days online? If this is pure profit you might still be happy but this is nowhere near reaching the goal you originally set out to meet. So naturally you would feel like you failed to reach your goal and you may be a little disappointed in yourself.
If you continue not to reach this goal month in month , it starts to add up and really weighs on you. I'm not saying that they are bad and you shouldn't set them but you need to realize that you should not be emotionally attached to your goals.
An alternative approach would be to set certain milestones for when you want to accomplish things and start out small. Build your confidence by accomplishing smaller feats and if you overproduce, then it will be a nice surprise. You have to have some sort of end result in mind but break it down in to a day by day task. It makes it a lot easier for you to handle by just knowing everyday you have to complete a few small tasks and over time the snowball will roll into great things.
1.The purpose of the passage is to _______.
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A．show that it’s necessary to set goals |
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B．prove the disadvantages of setting goals |
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C．suggest way of setting goals to reach success |
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D．introduce how to reach success by setting high goals. |
2.In Paragraph 2 , the writer used the example to _______.
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A．persuade readers not to be greedy for money |
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B．prove that goals often result in frustration. |
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C．show goal setting sometimes stops you realizing your dreams |
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D．advise readers not to set goals to avoid frustration |
3.According to the passage, always sticking to our goals is ______.
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A．important |
B．unnecessary |
C．ridiculous |
D．natural |
4.What belief does the writer most probably hold?
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A．The higher goals we set, the more success we’ll achieve |
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B．Goal setting is not always necessary and helpful |
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C．We shouldn’t set higher goals than other people |
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D．Goals should be set for short term and long term. |
5.What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?
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A．Another helpful tip for setting goals |
B．Benefits of setting small goal |
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C．Side effects of goal setting |
D．Success achieved without goal setting. |
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中(A、B、C和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Most of us feel upset if we miss just one meal, and if we try to go without food for 12 hours we would really be uncomfortable. But there are some people who seem able to “fast” for very long periods.
Various records are claimed for long fast, but in most cases there is no medical proof and so the records are doubtful. One South African woman claimed that she lived for 102 days on nothinig but water and soda water.
There are great differences among living things in the ability to survive without food. For example , a tick（扁虱）, which lives on animals, may survive a whole year. Warm-blooded animals use up their stores of food in the body more quickly.
In fact, the smaller and more active the animal, the more quickly it uses up its reserves. A small bird starves to death in about five days, a dog in about twenty. In general, we can say that a warm-blooded creature will die when it has lost about half its normal weight.
This matter of weight is important. Man and other creatures live in a state of metabolic equiplibrium（新陈代谢的平衡）which means maintaining the body weight once a certain point has been reached. This regulation of body weight is done by thirst, hunger, and appetite.
When your blood lacks nutritional materials, this registers（记录）in the hunger center of the brain and you feel “hungry”. The body is crying out for any kind of fuel(food). And it is our appetite that sees to it hat we chooose a mixed diet, which is the kind the body needs.
1.According to this passage, a man will die _________.
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A．when a certain point in losing weight has been reached. |
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B．when his blood lacks nutritional material |
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C．when his normal weight is lost |
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D．when he goes without food for more than 12 hours |
2.The word “fast” in Paragraph 1 can best be replaced by ________.
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A．eat no food |
B．live merely on water and soda water |
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C．live on nothing |
D．remains alive for a long time without food |
3.A tick can survive much longer than a bird because ________.
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A．a tick lives on animals |
B．a tick is much smaller |
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C．a bird is more active |
D．both B and C |
4.A person feels hungry _________.
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A．if he doesn’t choose a mixed diet |
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B．because his body cries out for food |
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C．when soemthing is wrong with regulation of body weight |
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D．if there are not enough nutritional in his blood |
5.From the passage we can infer that the author ________.
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A．believes the South African woman very firmly |
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B．does not believe the South African woman at all |
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C．is not certain whether the South African woman’s claim was true. |
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D．is doubtful whether there was such a South African woman |
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Sometimes we need to remind ourselves that thankfulness is indeed a virtue.
—William Bennett
Thanksgiving Day was near. The first grade teacher gave her class a fun __36__ to draw a picture of something for which they were thankful.
Most of the class might be considered economically __37__, but still many would __38__ the holidays with turkeys and other traditional goodies of the season. These, the teacher thought, would be the __39__ of most of her students’ art. And they were.
__40__, Douglas made a different kind of picture. Douglas was a special kind of boy. He was the teacher’s true child of misery, __41__ and unhappy. As other children played at break, Douglas was likely to stand close by her side. One could only guess the pain Douglas felt __42__ those sad eyes.
Yes, his picture was different. When __43__ to draw a picture of something for which he was thankful, he drew a hand. Nothing else. Just a(n) __44__ hand.
His abstract image captured the __45__ of his classmates, whose hand could it be? One child guessed it was the hand of a farmer, because farmers __46__ turkeys. Another suggested a police officer, because the police protect and __47__ people. And so the discussion went ---- until the teacher __48__ forgot the young artist himself.
When the children had gone on to other tasks, she __49__ at Douglas’ desk, bent down, and asked him whose hand it was. The little boy looked away and __50__, “It’s yours, teacher.”
She __51__ the times she had taken his hand and walked with him here and there, __52__ she had other student. How often had she said, “Take your hand, Douglas, we’ll go outside.” Or, “Let me show you how to hold your pencil.” Or, “Let’s do this together.” Douglas was most thankful for his teacher’s hand.
Brushing __53__ a tear, she went on with her work.
The story speaks of __54__ thankfulness. It says something about teachers teaching and parents parenting and friends showing friendship, and how much it means to the Douglases of the world. They might not always say thanks, but they'll remember the hand that __55__.
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---- You’ll not be here tomorrow, will you?
---- _______, for I may go to meet my parents at the station.
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A．I soppose so. |
B．I suppose not |
C．It depends |
D．Of course. |
The people, ________ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.
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A．all whose homes |
B．all of whose homes |
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C．all their homes |
D．all of their homes |
