Dr. Sylvia Earle wants you to stop eating fish. It’s not because fish are endangered, though wild fish stocks in many oceans are very low. It’s not because they’re bad for you, though fish in many areas are exposed to poisonous substances in the water. It’s because they’re smart.
“Fish are sensitive, they have personalities,” says the marine biologist. For Earle, eating a fish would be like eating a dog or a cat. “I would never eat anyone I know personally.”
There’s a lot more to fish than meets the eye: they talk to each other, they like to be touched, and they engage in behavior that can seem very human. They can remember things and learn from experience. Earle and a growing number of animal rights activists see these as strong arguments against eating fish altogether.
The activists also point out that fish feel pain and fish suffer horribly on their way from the sea to the supermarket. “While it may seem obvious that fish are able to feel pain, like every other animal, some people think of fish as swimming vegetables,” says Dr. Lynne Sneddon. “Really, it’s kind of a moral question. Is the enjoyment you get from fishing (or eating fish) more important than the pain of the fish?”
Fishermen and (fried) fish lovers are doubtful. “I’ve never seen a smart fish,” says Marie Swaringen as she finishes off a plate of fish at a Seattle seafood restaurant. “If they were very smart, they wouldn’t get caught.”
“For years, everyone’s been telling us to eat fish because it’s so good for us,” says another diner. “Now I’ve got to feel guilty while I’m eating my fish? What are they going to think of next? Don’t eat salad because cucumbers have feelings?”
1. Dr. Sylvia Earle discourage people from eating fish because _____________.
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A．there are not that many wild fish in the ocean |
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B．fish actually are sensitive and have personalities |
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C．some ocean fish contain poisonous substances |
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D．fish are like dogs or cats that people know personally |
2.We can infer from the passage that _____________.
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A．all people don’t agree with the idea to stop eating fish |
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B．people will be persuaded not to eat fish in the future |
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C．stopping eating fish will lead to people’s not eating vegetables |
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D．we shouldn’t care too much about the feeling of fish |
3. By saying “There’s a lot more to fish than meets the eye,” the writer means ____________.
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A．there are far more fish than other animals in the world |
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B．there are more fish in the world than people can see |
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C．people can see more fish if they pay more attention |
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D．fish are not that simple as they appear to people’s eyes |
Nobel, who was born in Stockholm, is a great scientist famous for his dangerous experiments.
Nobel studied in the USA and then Russia between 1850 and 1859. After his return, he started researching into bombs. As is known, bomb is dangerous to life, but Nobel was working under that condition. Once a big explosion in his lab completely destroyed the lab and caused some deaths. After that he had to experiment on a boat in a lake. He received criticism and satire(讽刺), but he proceeded with the work rather than losing heart. From 1860s to 1880s, Nobel made many achievements and his inventions were first used in building roads and digging tunnels. Most of the bombs were safer and more possible to be controlled. Even at the end of the 20th century, we still used his methods.
Nobel had many patents in Britain and other European countries. He was quick to see industrial openings(机会) for his scientific inventions and built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. Indeed his greatness lay in his outstanding ability to combine the qualities of an original scientist with those of a forwardlooking industrialist.
But Nobel’s main concern was never with making money or even with making scientific discoveries. Seldom happy, he was always searching for a meaning to life, and from his youth, he had taken a serious interest in literature and philosophy. His greatest wish, however, was to see an end to wars, and thus peace between nations, and he spent much time and money working for this cause. To follow his will, a fund was set up to encourage people to make great progress in physics, chemistry, physiology(生理学), medicine, literature and peace. That’s the Nobel Prize which means great honor to a scientist.
1.Through his early experimental work, it is evident that ________.
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A．Nobel was a man of strong will |
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B．Nobel was a man of gift |
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C．Nobel seldom got on well with his work |
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D．Nobel had his heart in his work |
2.In fact, his inventions were first used in ________.
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A．a war to kill and injure his fellow men |
B．building roads |
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C．digging tunnels |
D．both B and C |
3.Based on the passage, Nobel, as a scientist, ________.
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A．took a single interest in science |
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B．took a serious interest in money |
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C．took no interest in literature |
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D．took a serious interest in literature as well as in science |
4.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
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A．His wonderful will surely provided other scientists with a large sum of money. |
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B．In leaving behind a wellmeant will, Nobel succeeded in setting up a permanent monument for his interests and ideals. |
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C．Nobel made a glorious will so that he might be remembered and respected after his death. |
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D．Nobel expressed his wish in his will that a monument should be put up in memory of him. |
Linus Pauling，the only person who has won two undivided Nobel Prizes，was born in Portland，Oregon. He attended Washington High School but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive his diploma until 1962，long after he had received his Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from Orgon State College in 1922. He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it.
He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex substance. His interest in the “behavior” of molecules(分子) led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry，especially of the human body. He began with proteins and their main parts，the amino acids(氨基酸)，which are called the“building blocks of life”．In 1950，he constructed the first satisfactory model of a protein molecule，a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell.
During World WarⅡ，Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security，for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. However，the use of the atomic bomb near the end of the war turned Pauling in a new direction. Having long worked on the structure of molecules，he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures.
From then on，Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bomb and supported the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons. Through his efforts，The NuclearTestBan Treaty，declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones，came into effect on October 10,1963，the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Peace.
1.From the first Paragraph，we learn that Linus Pauling________.
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A．didn’t study hard while in Washington High School |
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B．is the only scientist who has won two Nobel Prizes |
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C．was once badly treated in Washington High School |
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D．chose to study chemical engineering to earn his living |
2.Which of the following things did Pauling pay much attention to at first?
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A．The “behavior” of molecules. |
B．Physical chemistry. |
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C．Biological chemistry. |
D．The human body. |
3.Which of the following is legal according to The NuclearTestBan Treaty?
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A．The use of nuclear weapons. |
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B．Testing hydrogen bomb on the ground. |
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C．Testing hydrogen bomb on underground. |
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D．The production of hydrogen bombs. |
4.The main idea of the passage is to show________.
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A．Linus Pauling’s attitude towards nuclear weapons |
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B．Linus Pauling’s contributions to the world |
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C．Linus Pauling’s research on the structure of molecules |
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D．Linus Pauling’s got the Nobel Prize for Peace |
完形填空（共20 小题，每小题1 分, 满分20分）
Returning from a trip overseas, I sensed that something was wrong between Keith, one of my two sons, and me. So I asked him, “Keith, have I done anything that really 41 your feelings?”
Immediately, he said, “Yes, last Christmas you promised us a special 42 that I really wanted but you 43 gave it to me.”
The 44 was that I’d completely forgotten about it. I 45 , “Is there anything else I’ve done wrong, but I haven’t apologized 46 ?”
Again, his 47 was immediate, “Remember last Christmas when Mom said you had to go to the 48 because Kate, my little sister, was going to be born? You left us at home and 49 in a hurry. Remember?”
“Well, you left and forgot the suitcase.” I couldn’t believe he 50 all the details! “After you came back from the hospital you were 51 to see the suitcase had been opened and 52 had been thrown all over the place, and then you 53 me.”
“And you didn’t do it?” I asked.
“No, I didn’t. I was just searching for my gift.”
My heart sank. I felt 54 . I hugged Keith and asked him to 55 me. His honesty made me think of my other son, Kevin. Maybe I’d hurt his feelings, too. I went to ask him the 56 question. Kevin answered as immediately as his 57 , “Last Christmas you promised us a special toy, but you forget about it.”
58 Christmas had passed, I took my two sons to the store that day and bought them what I had promised. The 59 thing wasn’t the toy. The problem was that I’d made a promise too 60 and didn’t keep it as their mother.
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Thanks to the advice _______ by the experts, we finished our task at an amazing speed.
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A．preserved |
B．equipped |
C．provided |
D．directed |
The dictionary, a few pages ________ are missing, is of no use.
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A．which |
B．of which |
C．whose |
D．of that |
