写作 （满分30分）
目前，父母对孩子的生活、学习等方面包办现象非常普遍。请你根据以下提示，以We Want to Be Independent为题，用英语写一篇短文。
1．描述这一现象及其弊端；
2．你认为父母应该……；
3．孩子应该…．。
注意：1．词数：120-150；
2．可适当增加细节。
阅读表达 （共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分）
阅读下面的短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1] There are times in everyone's life when they fail． Even the most successful people in the world have troubled times． Anyone can turn a failed situation into a winning one, if they know how． Failure is not the end of the line for anyone． Use these three tips to use failure as a catalyst （催化剂） for success．
[2] When you turn failure into motivation to do better, you will find it easy to better your situation． If you need to do better in school, make a study schedule to follow． No matter what the failed task consisted of, you can use it to motivate yourself to get more done．
[3] When something does not work out as planned or even when you fail in something, it could be because you need to redirect your life． Use failure as an opportunity to evaluate your life and decide what you need to do to get back on track． The new track may be a more successful one．
[4] When you have failed and feel like you have hit rock bottom, you can always ________________ as motivation to climb back up． Tell yourself that it does not get much worse than the point of failure and let yourself know that the only way to go is up from there． When you do this, you will see that instead of running from failure you can face it bravely and overcome it．
[5] Use these three tips to help you face failure and turn it into success． Once you learn how to do this, you will never be afraid to fail again!
1.What is the best title for the passage? （no more than 10 words．）
2. Please fill in the blank in the fourth paragraph with proper words or phrases． （no more than 5 words．）
3.Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
Whoever knows what to do can turn failure into success．
4.Which of the suggestions do you think is the best for you when you fail in life? Why? （no more than 30 words．）
5.．Translate the underlined sentences in the last paragraph into Chinese．
Chinese netizens who like to create and use cyber words such as "geilivable" might find a new regulation very "ungeilivable"． The new regulation by the General Administration of Press and Publication last week banned the use of Chinglish words created by netizens for publishing in the Chinese language．
"Geilivable", combining the pinyin geili （giving strength） with the English suffix （后缀） for adjectives, literally means "giving power" or "cool"． Different suffixes and prefixes were then added to the word． "Hengeilivable" means "very cool", and "ungeilivable" means "dull, not cool at all"．
Cyber language is popular among Chinese netizens, who create Chinglish words to reflect phenomenon in society． One example is "antizen", which refers to college graduates who earn a meager salary and live in small rented apartments, like tiny and laborious ants．
David Tool, a professor with the Beijing International Studies University, said it's very interesting to combine Chinese with English to create new words． "English is no longer mysterious to the Chinese people． They can use the language in a flexible way according to their own experiences," Tool said．
At the announcement of the regulation by the General Administration of Press and Publication, netizens expressed their concern．
"The administration is totally 'ungeilivable'," said a netizen named laoda1713． "I know other netizens will shed tears with me．．． it is a good chance to enrich our language"．
"Language is always developing," said a columnist, Wang Pei． "It needs to be updated to absorb foreign culture and folk wisdom．"
But an unnamed official with the administration said that, in fact, many senior staff from news media who supported the regulation were worried that years later, the younger generation would forget how to use formal Chinese expressions． The official also pointed out that the regulation was only for formal publications in Chinese language, and it only banned Chinglish words in the publication．
1. The new regulation by the General Administration of Press and Publication may be aimed at ．
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A．simplifying the Chinese language |
B．limiting the development of language |
|
C．banning the use of Chinglish |
D．making the netizens more serious |
2. The underlined word meager in the third paragraph probably means ．
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A．poor |
B．flexible |
C．high |
D．plentiful |
3. From this passage we can infer that ．
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A．the Chinese people like their own language only |
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B．the English words are considered informal in China |
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C．nobody in China will support the new regulation |
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D．"geilivable" will be popular among Chinese netizens |
4.Which may be the title of this passage?
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A．New regulation is announced |
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B．Cyber words make language lively |
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C．Different views about cyber language |
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D．New phenomenon in China |
5.On which column of China Daily can you find this passage?
|
A．Entertainment |
B．Business |
C．Travel |
D．Opinion |
Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day． "I was a clothes addict, "he jokes．" I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．" Today David wears casual clothes – khaki pants and sports shirt – to the office． He hardly ever wears a necktie． "I'm working harder than ever," David says, "and I need to feel comfortable．"
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work． In the United States, the change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual． In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday, but only on Friday． This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday．" "What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing．" said business consultant Maisly Jones．
Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code． "A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code．" Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes． In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale （士气）． Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative effect on productivity． Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money． "Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day," one person said． "For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
1.David Smith refers to himself as having been "a clothes addict," because ．
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A．he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt |
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B．he couldn't stand a clean appearance |
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C．he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time |
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D．he didn't want to spend much money on clothes |
2.David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ．
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A．they make him feel at ease when working |
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B．he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes |
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C．he looks handsome in casual clothes |
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D．he no longer works for any company |
3.According to this passage, which of the following statements is FALSE?
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A．Many employees don't like a conservative dress code． |
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B．Comfortable clothes make employees more productive． |
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C．A casual clothes code is welcomed by young employees． |
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D．All the employers in the U．S． are for casual office wear． |
4.According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
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A．Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago． |
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B．Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s． |
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C．"Dress-down Friday" was first given as a favor from employers． |
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D．Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people． |
5.In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned except ．
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A．saving employees' money |
B．making employees more attractive |
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C．improving employees' motivation |
D．making employees happier |
When an emergency situation occurs, observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses． This phenomenon is referred to as the bystander effect．
The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect, which is named after Catherine “Kitty" Genovese, a young woman who was cruelly murdered on March 13, 1964． Early in the morning, 28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work． As she approached her apartment entrance, she was attacked and stabbed （刺） by a man later identified as Winston Moseley． Despite Genovese's repeated cries for help, none of the dozen or so people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police for help． The attack first began at 3:20, but it was not until 3:50 that someone first contacted police．
Many psychologists were set thinking by the incident, as well as most Americans． As the conclusion, the bystander effect came out and later proved by a series of studies and experiments．
There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect． First, the presence of other people creates a division of responsibility． Because there are other observers, individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action, since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present． The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways． When other observers fail to react, individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate．
Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to take action if the situation is ambiguous． In the case of Kitty Genovese, many of the 38 witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a "lovers' quarrel", and did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered．
1.The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect because a woman surnamed Genovese．
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A．it somehow caused the murder of |
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B．its discovery resulted from the murder of |
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C．it was actually discovered by |
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D．it always makes people think of |
2.Genovese was murdered ．
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A．while she was going out |
B．in her apartment |
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C．halfway home |
D．near her apartment |
3. Which can NOT have been a possible reason for the neighbors NOT offering Genovese help?
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A．They believed in the bystander effect． |
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B．They thought someone else might help her． |
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C．They didn't think they should help． |
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D．They didn't think she needed help． |
4. Before deciding to offer help, observers may , according to the psychologists．
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A．wait for sort of a signal |
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B．hesitate and estimate the risk of getting hurt |
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C．want to be sure it's appropriate to react |
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D．wonder if the victim is worth helping |
5.The article seems to suggest that, if there had been observers, Genovese might not have been murdered．
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A．no |
B．fewer |
C．more |
D．braver |
WHAT happens to a teenage kid when the world he thought he knew suddenly changes? Find out in Little Brother by American author Cory Doctorow． It is a fascinating book for a new generation of sci-fi readers．
Marcus Yallow, 17, from San Francisco is much more comfortable in front of a computer than obeying the rules of society． Smart, fast and wise to the ways of the networked world, he has no trouble outwitting （骗过） his high school's monitoring system． This way he and his friends get to head off to play a popular online game in real life．
While they are playing, a bomb explodes on the Bay Bridge． Marcus stops a military vehicle to get help for his injured friend, but this simple act throws him into a Department of Homeland Security （DHS） secret prison． There he is treated as a possible terrorist． He is eventually let go after four days, but his injured friend disappears．
When he returns, Marcus discovers that there are many "security measures" in place and that now all citizens are treated like potential terrorists． While some consider this government action necessary for public safety, Marcus sees this as a complete destruction of the rights he is supposed to have as a citizen．
He knows that no one will believe his story, which leaves him with only one thing to do: to take down the DHS himself． He helps organize a large network called Xnet to spread the truth, anonymously （匿名地）．
The book presents a young man who is irresponsible, but learns about himself, and grows, in the course of the story． As part of this learning and growing he becomes aware of very serious issues about his society．
1. What kind of article does this passage belong to?
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A．A fascinating story． |
B．A book review． |
|
C．News report |
D．A TV programme |
2. The underlined word destruction in the passage means ．
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A．damage |
B．reward |
C．ruin |
D．protection |
3. Marcus Yallow was sent to prison because ．
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A．he killed his friend |
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B．he bombed a military vehicle |
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C．he did something that a possible terrorist could do |
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D．his injured friend disappeared |
4. From the second paragraph we can infer that ．
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A．Marcus Yallow is much more comfortable obeying the rules of society |
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B．Marcus Yallow is smart, fast and wise in real life |
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C．Marcus Yallow always plays online games in real life |
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D．Marcus Yallow is expert at the network world |
5. In the end of the book, Marcus Yallow ．
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A．is supposed to be more irresponsible |
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B．becomes aware of very serious issues about his society |
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C．presents a young man who is irresponsible |
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D．plays a popular online game in real life |
