Recently, scientists have developed a wireless brainmachine interface that help restore communication to people who can no longer speak by reading brainwaves using electrodes(电极) stuck on their heads. Unfortunately, these have proved very slow, at roughly one word typed per minute, making normal conversations and social interactions virtually impossible.
Scientist Frank Guenther and his colleagues reveal a brainmachine interface that uses electrodes implanted directly into the brain for research into real time speech.
"It should soon be possible for extremely paralysed individuals who are incapable of speaking to produce speech through a laptop computer, " said Guenther.
The scientists worked with a 26-year- old male volunteer who experience near-total paralysis due to a stroke he suffered when he was 16. They implanted an electrode that had two wires into a part of the brain that help plan and execute movements related to speech. The electrode recorded brain signals when the volunteer attempted to talk and the wires spread them across the scalp(头皮)to help drive a speech synthesizer (合成器). The delay between brain activity and sound output was just 50 milliseconds on average, roughly the same with regular speech.
"He was quite excited, particularly on the first few days we used the system, as he got used to its properties, " Guenther recalled." I am sure the work proceeds slowly from his perspective, as it does from ours. Nonetheless, he was very excited about getting real-time audio feedback of his intended speech and happy to work very hard with us throughout the experiments."
"The current system uses data from just two wires. Within a year it will be possible to implant a system with 16 times as many." Guenther said." This will allow us to tap into neurons(神经元)，which in the end means better control over a synthesizer and thus better speech."
1.In the study of Guenther, electrodes are _______.
A.fixed on the heads B. put into the heads
C. tied to the heads D. separated from the heads
2. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 4 refers to _______.
A. movements B. wires C. brain signals D. Scientists
3. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. Wireless Device Are Used to Read Words in the Brain.
B. New Equipment Helps you read others’ mind.
C. Virtual tongue can make you speak fluently.
It is no secret what you are thinking in mind.
There are many rights to make sure that people will be treated fairly when they are suspected or accused of a crime. Sometimes these rights are called "due process of law". In using these rights, a person should have the help of a lawyer.
You have a right to protect against unreasonable searches and seizures. The police generally may not search you or your home, or take things you own, without a "warrant". A warrant is a paper which states, very exactly , the place to be searched and the things to be taken. Sometimes, however, the police will not need a warrant to search you or your property. If an officer sees you committing a crime, or if he has a good reason to believe you have committed a serious crime, he may arrest you and search you and the area right around you without a warrant.
If you invite a police without a warrant to come into your house and he finds proof of crime, the evidence may be used against you in court. If you do not want an officer to search you or your home and he does not have a warrant, tell him that you do not give him the right to search. However, if the officer will not listen, do not try to stop him. It is dangerous to resist and it may be illegal to do so. Any evidence which a policeman gets during an unlawful search and seizure cannot be used against you.
Police officers must act reasonably and fairly at all times. They should use physical force only when it is needed to arrest someone to enforce a law. They may not use physical violence to "teach someone a lesson".
1. According to the passage, a "warrant" is______.
A. an identification card B. an access card
C. an official written order D. a special license
2. In which case can the policeman use the evidence he gets against you in court?
A. He makes an unreasonable search of your home and gets the evidence.
B. He is allowed to search your home with no warrant and finds proof of crime.
C. He gets the information you do not want to give him by using physical force.
D. He obtains the information from you when you are alone with him.
3. The police can use physical force only when____.
A. they want to teach the habitual thief a lesson
B. they catch the criminal on the spot
C. the suspect talks back
D. the criminal resists arrest
4. The passage centers around____.
A. the rights of citizens B. the importance of warrants
C. the duty of the police D. criminal cases
Salvation Army Angel Program
Angel Tree collects gifts for children and families in need. Participate by selecting an angel from any Angel Tree at all Cyprus Credit Union location or any Utah Macy's Department store. Shop for your angel, then return your new, unwrapped gift to the same Angel Tree. Gifts must be returned before December 14. For more information, call (801) 988-5678 in the Salt Lake area,(801) 374-2588 in the Provo area.
Utah Association for People with Intellectual Disabilities Holiday Gift Box Program
The program serves primarily low-income adults with intellectual disabilities who don't qualify for other programs because of age limits, said Joyce Whalen, the association's board president. To donate, visit the association at 1326 S.2100 East from 9am to about 5:30 pm to choose an ornament(װ����) that provides information about an individual who will benefit from the program. Shop for new items and return them by December 14. Donations of generic items, such as towels, socks and hygiene products also accepted, as are monetary donations. For more information, call 801-440-1674.
Utah Foster Care Foundation's Giving Tree Program
The program seeks new gifts and cash donations to fulfill the holiday wishes of more than 1,000 children in state-licensed foster homes." Many of the children in care have been removed from their biological homes because of neglect or abuse," said Nikki Mackay, the foundation's director. " Christmas can be a difficult time for them." To learn how to support the program, call 877-505-5437.
Utah State Hospital Forgotten Patient Program
The program provides Christmas gifts for hundreds of patients with mental illness. In the history of the program--which may go back as far as 60 years, organizer Shawna Peterson said, "we've never had a forgotten patient." And she doesn't want this year to change that. To support the program, contact Peterson at 801-344-6088.
1.After you buy an angel, you should ________.
A. post it to where you bought B. open its package to examine it
C. send it to families in need for yourself D. bring it back in its original form
2.If you want to help adults with intellectual disabilities, you should call_____.
A. 801-440-1674 B.801-988-5678
C. 877-505-5437 D. 801-344-6088
3. The underlined phrases "biological homes" in the third program refers to ______.
A. homes where they are just brought up
B. homes where their natural parents live
C. homes where they learn biology
D. homes where are related to bacteria
4. From the last program, we can infer that ______.
A. the patients often forgot to come to the hospital
B. the patients are often forgotten to be looked after
C. the patients are being taken good care of
the patients had a poor memory in the hospital
It was the old lady’s eightieth birthday. She was sure Myra wouldn’t forgot her mother’s birthday, even if she was busy. After all, eighty was a special birthday. Perhaps Myra might come. Even if Myra did not come, she would send a present. The old lady was sure of that. Two spots of colour brightened her cheeks. She was excited like a child.
Mrs. Morrison had brought a card and a bunch of flowers when she came to do the breakfast. Mrs. Grant downstairs had made a cake. Johnnie, the little boy next door, was now up with her with a packet of sweets.
“I guess you’ll get lots and lots of presents, ” he said. “I did last week when I was six.”
What would she like? A pair of slippers, perhaps. A blue new cardigan. Or a table lamp. Or a little clock, with clear black numbers. So many lovely things.
She stood by the window, watching. The postman turned round the corner on his bicycle. Her heart beat fast. Johnnie had seen him too and ran to the gate.
“Granny, granny, ” Johnnie returned. “I’ve got your post!”
He gave her four envelopes. Three were from old friends. The fourth was in Myra’s writing.
“No parcel(包裹), Johnnie?”
“No, granny.”
Almost reluctantly, she tore the fourth envelope open. Folded in the card was a check. Written on the card was a message: Happy Birthday—Buy yourself something nice with the check, Myra and Harold.
The six-figure check fell to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. Slowly the old lady bent to pick it up. Her present, her lovely present. With trembling fingers she tore it into little bits.
1. As can be inferred from the passage, _______.
A. the old lady lived alone in a flat away from her daughter
B. the friends sent the old lady many lovely presents by post
C. Myra was stopped by her husband from seeing her mother
D. the neighbours cared little about the old lady in daily life
2.The old lady felt _______ when she saw no packet came with her daughter’s card.
A. excited B. happy C. disappointed D. impatient
3.Which of the following might serve as the best title for the passage?
A. The Present B. The Check C. The Birthday D. The Daughter
4. The reason why the old lady tore the check into small pieces was that _______.
A. she was sure her daughter would come, not the check
B. she didn’t notice there were six figures on the check
C. she didn’t think the check was large enough for a present
D. she would prefer a present with love from her daughter
完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
David, my neighbor, has two young kids who are five and seven. One day he was 36 his seven-year-old son Kelly how to push the lawn mower(割草机) around the yard. As he was telling him how to turn the mower 37 , his wife, Jan, called to him to ask a question. As David answered the question, Kelly pushed the lawn mower 38 through the flower bed at the edge of the lawn — 39 a two-foot wide path leveled to the ground!
When David turned back and saw what had happened, he began to lose 40 . David had put a lot of time and 41 into making those flower beds the 42 of the neighbourhood. As he began to 43 his voice to his son, Jan walked quickly over to him, put her hand on his shoulder and said, “David, please remember we are raising children, not 44 !”
Jan 45 me how important 46 is as a parent to remember our priorities (things that need attention before others). The window shattered(打碎) by a 47 , a lamp knocked over by a careless child, or a plate dropped in the kitchen are already 48 . The flowers are already dead. We must remember not to 49 to the destruction by breaking a child’s spirit and deadening his 50 .
A few weeks ago Mark Michaels, the owner of a store, and I were together 51 parenting. He told me while his family were out for dinner, his daughter knocked over her water glass. 52 the water was cleaned up without any blaming remarks from her parents, she looked up and said, “I 53 want to thank you for not being like other parents. Most of my friends’ parents 54 have shouted at them and given them a lecture about paying more attention. Thanks for not 55 that!”
1.A. teaching B. helping C. looking at D. asking
2. A. up B. around C. down D. over
3. A. nearly B. even C. almost D. right
4. A. leaving B. staying C. remaining D. finding
5. A. hope B. control C. mind D. heart
6. A. strength B. effort C. power D. courage
7. A. pride B. respect C. envy D. honor
8. A. rise B. expand C. improve D. raise
9. A. flowers B. trees C. grass D. vegetables
10. A. called B. reminded C. warned D. told
11. A. this B. that C. it D. one
12. A. mower B. baseball C. chair D. book
13. A.broken B. shabby C. torn D. worn
14. A. attend B. tend C. add D. see
15. A. happiness B. liveliness C. bravery D. humor
16. A. talking B. speaking C. telling D. discussing
17. A. Before B. After C. Until D. Since
18. A. really B. actually C. eventually D. especially
19. A. should B. need C. would D. must
20. A. saying B. doing C. thinking D. Showing
I would have paid a visit to you _______ possible.
A. if it were B. would it be
C. had it been D. should it have been
